休眠批量大小混乱

Question

该程序一个接一个地执行数以万计的连续插入。我以前从未使用过Hibernate。我的性能变得非常慢（如果我只是手动连接并执行SQL，则速度会提高10-12倍。根据许多休眠教程，我的batch_size设置为50。

这是单个插入的日志-也许您可以帮助我准确了解正在发生的事情：

START INSERT
11:02:56.121 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl - opened session at timestamp: 13106053761                                                                                            
11:02:56.121 [main] DEBUG o.h.transaction.JDBCTransaction - begin                                                                                                                               
11:02:56.121 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - opening JDBC connection                                                                                                             
11:02:56.121 [main] TRACE o.h.c.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - total checked-out connections: 0                                                                                                    
11:02:56.121 [main] TRACE o.h.c.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - using pooled JDBC connection, pool size: 0                                                                                          
11:02:56.121 [main] DEBUG o.h.transaction.JDBCTransaction - current autocommit status: false                                                                                                    
11:02:56.121 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.jdbc.JDBCContext - after transaction begin                                                                                                             
11:02:56.121 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl - html" target="_blank">setting flush mode to: MANUAL                                                                                                       
11:02:56.121 [main] TRACE o.h.e.def.DefaultLoadEventListener - loading entity: [com.xyzcompany.foo.edoi.ejb.msw000.MSW000Rec#component[keyW000]{keyW000=F000    ADSUFC}]                           
11:02:56.121 [main] TRACE o.h.e.def.DefaultLoadEventListener - creating new proxy for entity                                                                                                       
11:02:56.122 [main] TRACE o.h.e.d.DefaultSaveOrUpdateEventListener - saving transient instance                                                                                                           
11:02:56.122 [main] DEBUG o.h.e.def.AbstractSaveEventListener - generated identifier: component[keyW000]{keyW000=F000    ADSUFC}, using strategy: org.hibernate.id.CompositeNestedGeneratedValueGenerator
11:02:56.122 [main] TRACE o.h.e.def.AbstractSaveEventListener - saving [com.xyzcompany.foo.edoi.ejb.msw000.MSW000Rec#component[keyW000]{keyW000=F000    ADSUFC}]                                    
11:02:56.123 [main] TRACE o.h.e.d.AbstractFlushingEventListener - flushing session                                                                                                                    
11:02:56.123 [main] DEBUG o.h.e.d.AbstractFlushingEventListener - processing flush-time cascades                                                                                                      
11:02:56.123 [main] DEBUG o.h.e.d.AbstractFlushingEventListener - dirty checking collections                                                                                                          
11:02:56.123 [main] TRACE o.h.e.d.AbstractFlushingEventListener - Flushing entities and processing referenced collections                                                                             
11:02:56.125 [main] TRACE o.h.e.d.AbstractFlushingEventListener - Processing unreferenced collections                                                                                                 
11:02:56.125 [main] TRACE o.h.e.d.AbstractFlushingEventListener - Scheduling collection removes/(re)creates/updates                                                                                   
11:02:56.126 [main] DEBUG o.h.e.d.AbstractFlushingEventListener - Flushed: 1 insertions, 0 updates, 0 deletions to 62 objects                                                                         
11:02:56.126 [main] DEBUG o.h.e.d.AbstractFlushingEventListener - Flushed: 0 (re)creations, 0 updates, 0 removals to 0 collections                                                                                                                                                                                       
11:02:56.132 [main] TRACE o.h.e.d.AbstractFlushingEventListener - executing flush                                                                                                                     
11:02:56.132 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - registering flush begin                                                                                                             
11:02:56.132 [main] TRACE o.h.p.entity.AbstractEntityPersister - Inserting entity: [com.xyzcompany.foo.edoi.ejb.msw000.MSW000Rec#component[keyW000]{keyW000=F000    ADSUFC}]                         
11:02:56.132 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - about to open PreparedStatement (open PreparedStatements: 0, globally: 0)                                                           
11:02:56.132 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.SQL - insert into MSW000 (W000_DATA_REC, W000_FILE_FLAGS, KEY_W000) values (?, ?, ?)                                                      
11:02:56.132 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - preparing statement                                                                                                                 
11:02:56.132 [main] TRACE o.h.p.entity.AbstractEntityPersister - Dehydrating entity: [com.xyzcompany.foo.edoi.ejb.msw000.MSW000Rec#component[keyW000]{keyW000=F000    ADSUFC}]                       
11:02:56.132 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.type.StringType - binding '    ADSUFCA                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ' to parameter: 1
11:02:56.132 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.type.StringType - binding ' ' to parameter: 2                                                                                                         
11:02:56.132 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.type.StringType - binding 'F000    ADSUFC' to parameter: 3                                                                                            
11:02:56.132 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - Executing batch size: 1                                                                                                             
11:02:56.133 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - about to close PreparedStatement (open PreparedStatements: 1, globally: 1)                                                          
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher - closing statement                                                                                                                   
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - registering flush end                                                                                                               
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE o.h.e.d.AbstractFlushingEventListener - post flush                                                                                                                          
11:02:56.133 [main] DEBUG o.h.transaction.JDBCTransaction - commit                                                                                                                              
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl - automatically flushing session                                                                                                      
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.jdbc.JDBCContext - before transaction completion                                                                                                       
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl - before transaction completion                                                                                                       
11:02:56.133 [main] DEBUG o.h.transaction.JDBCTransaction - committed JDBC Connection                                                                                                           
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.jdbc.JDBCContext - after transaction completion                                                                                                        
11:02:56.133 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - transaction completed on session with on_close connection release mode; be sure to close the session to release JDBC resources!     
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl - after transaction completion                                                                                                        
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl - closing session                                                                                                                     
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - performing cleanup                                                                                                                  
11:02:56.133 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - releasing JDBC connection [ (open PreparedStatements: 0, globally: 0) (open ResultSets: 0, globally: 0)]                            
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE o.h.c.DriverManagerConnectionProvider - returning connection to pool, pool size: 1                                                                                          
11:02:56.133 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.jdbc.JDBCContext - after transaction completion                                                                                                        
11:02:56.133 [main] DEBUG org.hibernate.jdbc.ConnectionManager - transaction completed on session with on_close connection release mode; be sure to close the session to release JDBC resources!     
11:02:56.134 [main] TRACE org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl - after transaction completion                                                                                                        
FINISH INSERT

Answer 1

当您调用时session.save()，hibernate将生成一个INSERT SQL。该INSERT
SQL将附加在刷新期间（即session.flush()）发布给DB 。

在刷新过程中，如果hibernate.jdbc.batch_size将其设置为某个非零值，则Hibernate将使用JDBC2
API中引入的批处理功能向数据库发出批处理插入SQL。

例如，如果您有save()100条记录，而您的记录hibernate.jdbc.batch_size设置为50。在刷新期间，请不要发出以下SQL
100次：

insert into TableA (id , fields) values (1, 'val1');
insert into TableA (id , fields) values (2, 'val2');
insert into TableA (id , fields) values (3, 'val3');
.........................
insert into TableA (id , fields) values (100, 'val100');

Hiberate将它们分为50个批处理，并且仅向数据库发出2条SQL，如下所示：

insert into TableA (id , fields) values (1, 'val1') , (2, 'val2') ,(3, 'val3') ,(4, 'val4') ,......,(50, 'val50')
insert into TableA (id , fields) values (51, 'val51') , (52, 'val52') ,(53, 'val53') ,(54, 'val54'),...... ,(100, 'val100')

请注意，如果插入表的主键为，则Hibernate将透明地禁用JDBC级别的插入批处理GenerationType.Identity。

从您的日志中：您save()只有一条记录，然后是flush()，因此对于每次刷新，仅要处理一条附加的INSERT
SQL。这就是Hibernate无法帮助您批量插入的原因，因为只有一个INSERT
SQL要处理。save()在调用之前，您应该最多保留一定数量的记录，flush()而不是flush()每次都调用save()。

批处理插入的最佳实践是这样的：

Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
for  ( int i=0; i<888888; i++ ) {
  TableA record = new TableA();
    record.setXXXX();
    session.save(record)
    if ( i % 50 == 0 ) { //50, same as the JDBC batch size
        //flush a batch of inserts and release memory:
        session.flush();
        session.clear();
    }
}
tx.commit();
session.close();

您分批保存并刷新记录。在每个批处理的末尾，您应该清除持久性上下文以释放一些内存，以防止在将每个持久性对象放入第一级缓存（JVM的内存）中时导致内存耗尽。您也可以禁用二级缓存以减少不必要的开销。

参考：

• Hibernate官方文档：第14章。批处理
• 休眠批处理–为什么您可能不使用它。（即使您认为自己是）