如何检查字符串是否包含JavaScript中的子字符串数组中的文本？

Question

非常简单。在javascript中，我需要检查字符串是否包含数组中包含的任何子字符串。

Answer 1

没有内置功能可以为您做到这一点，您必须为其编写一个函数。

如果您 知道 字符串不包含任何正则表达式中特殊的字符，那么您可以作弊一点，如下所示：

if (new RegExp(substrings.join("|")).test(string)) {
    // At least one match
}

…这会创建一个正则表达式，该正则表达式是您要查找的子字符串（例如）的一系列 替换
，one|two并测试是否有匹配的子字符串，但是如果任何子字符串包含任何特殊字符在正则表达式（*，[等）中，您必须先将其转义，最好只进行无聊的循环。

现场示例：

var substrings = ["one", "two", "three"];

var str;



// Setup

console.log("Substrings: " + substrings.join(","));



// Try it where we expect a match

str = "this has one";

if (new RegExp(substrings.join("|")).test(str)) {

    console.log("Match using '" + str + "'");

} else {

    console.log("No match using '" + str + "'");

}



// Try it where we DON'T expect a match

str = "this doesn't have any";

if (new RegExp(substrings.join("|")).test(str)) {

    console.log("Match using '" + str + "'");

} else {

    console.log("No match using '" + str + "'");

}

在对该问题的评论中，Martin询问了Array.prototype.mapECMAScript5中的新方法。map并没有太多帮助，但是some：

if (substrings.some(function(v) { return str.indexOf(v) >= 0; })) {
    // There's at least one
}

现场示例：

var substrings = ["one", "two", "three"];

var str;



// Setup

console.log("Substrings: " + substrings.join(","));



// Try it where we expect a match

str = "this has one";

if (substrings.some(function(v) { return str.indexOf(v) >= 0; })) {

    console.log("Match using '" + str + "'");

} else {

    console.log("No match using '" + str + "'");

}



// Try it where we DON'T expect a match

str = "this doesn't have any";

if (substrings.some(function(v) { return str.indexOf(v) >= 0; })) {

    console.log("Match using '" + str + "'");

} else {

    console.log("No match using '" + str + "'");

}

尽管对polyfill来说是微不足道的，但您只能在符合ECMAScript5的实现中使用它。

2020年更新 ：some带有箭头功能（ES2015 +）的示例可能更简单，您可以使用includes而不是indexOf：

if (substrings.some(v => str.includes(v))) {
    // There's at least one
}

现场示例：

const substrings = ["one", "two", "three"];

let str;



// Setup

console.log("Substrings: " + substrings.join(","));



// Try it where we expect a match

str = "this has one";

if (substrings.some(v => str.includes(v))) {

    console.log("Match using '" + str + "'");

} else {

    console.log("No match using '" + str + "'");

}



// Try it where we DON'T expect a match

str = "this doesn't have any";

if (substrings.some(v => str.includes(v))) {

    console.log("Match using '" + str + "'");

} else {

    console.log("No match using '" + str + "'");

}

甚至扔掉bind它，尽管对我来说箭头功能更具可读性：

if (substrings.some(str.includes.bind(str))) {
    // There's at least one
}

现场示例：

const substrings = ["one", "two", "three"];

let str;



// Setup

console.log("Substrings: " + substrings.join(","));



// Try it where we expect a match

str = "this has one";

if (substrings.some(str.includes.bind(str))) {

    console.log("Match using '" + str + "'");

} else {

    console.log("No match using '" + str + "'");

}



// Try it where we DON'T expect a match

str = "this doesn't have any";

if (substrings.some(str.includes.bind(str))) {

    console.log("Match using '" + str + "'");

} else {

    console.log("No match using '" + str + "'");

}