Python 3.6.1的brew安装：[SSL：CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED]证书验证失败

Question

我使用安装了python 3.6

brew install python3

并尝试six.moves.urllib.request.urlretrieve从https下载文件，但会引发错误

ssl.SSLError：[SSL：CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED]证书验证失败（_ssl.c：749）

在Python安装（从.pkg）的，自述指示一个需要运行Install Certificates.command在安装后到

1. 安装 certifi
2. 将认证路径符号链接到certify路径

才能使用证书。

但是，在brew install中，该文件不存在并且似乎没有运行。

Answer 1

似乎由于某种原因，Brew没有运行Install Certificates.commandMac的Python3捆绑包中提供的。解决此问题的方法是在之后运行以下脚本（从复制Install Certificates.command）brew install python3：

# install_certifi.py
#
# sample script to install or update a set of default Root Certificates
# for the ssl module.  Uses the certificates provided by the certifi package:
#       https://pypi.python.org/pypi/certifi

import os
import os.path
import ssl
import stat
import subprocess
import sys

STAT_0o775 = ( stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR | stat.S_IXUSR
             | stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IWGRP | stat.S_IXGRP
             | stat.S_IROTH |                stat.S_IXOTH )


def main():
    openssl_dir, openssl_cafile = os.path.split(
        ssl.get_default_verify_paths().openssl_cafile)

    print(" -- pip install --upgrade certifi")
    subprocess.check_call([sys.executable,
        "-E", "-s", "-m", "pip", "install", "--upgrade", "certifi"])

    import certifi

    # change working directory to the default SSL directory
    os.chdir(openssl_dir)
    relpath_to_certifi_cafile = os.path.relpath(certifi.where())
    print(" -- removing any existing file or link")
    try:
        os.remove(openssl_cafile)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        pass
    print(" -- creating symlink to certifi certificate bundle")
    os.symlink(relpath_to_certifi_cafile, openssl_cafile)
    print(" -- setting permissions")
    os.chmod(openssl_cafile, STAT_0o775)
    print(" -- update complete")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()