如何在PyQT小部件中嵌入Python解释器

Question

我希望能够从我的python应用程序中启动一个交互式python终端。我程序中的一些（但不是全部）变量需要公开给解释器。

目前，我使用一个子类并进行了修改，QPlainTextEdit并将所有“命令”路由到eval或exec，并在字典中跟踪单独的命名空间。但是，必须有一种更优雅，更强大的方法！怎么样？

这是一个只做我想做的示例，但它是使用IPython和pyGTK进行的…
http://ipython.scipy.org/moin/Cookbook/EmbeddingInGTK

以下是我目前拥有的。但是有很多极端的情况，我可能错过了一些。这非常慢，请尝试大的打印循环…这必须是一种更简单且不易出错的方式，…我希望！

该def runCommand(self)功能是了解我的问题的关键。理想情况下，我不想对其进行改进，而是希望以更简单，更智能的方式替换其内容。

console.updateNamespace({'myVar1' : app, 'myVar2' : 1234})“ main”中语句的功能也很重要。

import sys, os
import traceback
from PyQt4 import QtCore
from PyQt4 import QtGui

class Console(QtGui.QPlainTextEdit):
    def __init__(self, prompt='$> ', startup_message='', parent=None):
        QtGui.QPlainTextEdit.__init__(self, parent)
        self.prompt = prompt
        self.history = []
        self.namespace = {}
        self.construct = []

        self.setGeometry(50, 75, 600, 400)
        self.setWordWrapMode(QtGui.QTextOption.WrapAnywhere)
        self.setUndoRedoEnabled(False)
        self.document().setDefaultFont(QtGui.QFont("monospace", 10, QtGui.QFont.Normal))
        self.showMessage(startup_message)

    def updateNamespace(self, namespace):
        self.namespace.update(namespace)

    def showMessage(self, message):
        self.appendPlainText(message)
        self.newPrompt()

    def newPrompt(self):
        if self.construct:
            prompt = '.' * len(self.prompt)
        else:
            prompt = self.prompt
        self.appendPlainText(prompt)
        self.moveCursor(QtGui.QTextCursor.End)

    def getCommand(self):
        doc = self.document()
        curr_line = unicode(doc.findBlockByLineNumber(doc.lineCount() - 1).text())
        curr_line = curr_line.rstrip()
        curr_line = curr_line[len(self.prompt):]
        return curr_line

    def setCommand(self, command):
        if self.getCommand() == command:
            return
        self.moveCursor(QtGui.QTextCursor.End)
        self.moveCursor(QtGui.QTextCursor.StartOfLine, QtGui.QTextCursor.KeepAnchor)
        for i in range(len(self.prompt)):
            self.moveCursor(QtGui.QTextCursor.Right, QtGui.QTextCursor.KeepAnchor)
        self.textCursor().removeSelectedText()
        self.textCursor().insertText(command)
        self.moveCursor(QtGui.QTextCursor.End)

    def getConstruct(self, command):
        if self.construct:
            prev_command = self.construct[-1]
            self.construct.append(command)
            if not prev_command and not command:
                ret_val = '\n'.join(self.construct)
                self.construct = []
                return ret_val
            else:
                return ''
        else:
            if command and command[-1] == (':'):
                self.construct.append(command)
                return ''
            else:
                return command

    def getHistory(self):
        return self.history

    def setHisory(self, history):
        self.history = history

    def addToHistory(self, command):
        if command and (not self.history or self.history[-1] != command):
            self.history.append(command)
        self.history_index = len(self.history)

    def getPrevHistoryEntry(self):
        if self.history:
            self.history_index = max(0, self.history_index - 1)
            return self.history[self.history_index]
        return ''

    def getNextHistoryEntry(self):
        if self.history:
            hist_len = len(self.history)
            self.history_index = min(hist_len, self.history_index + 1)
            if self.history_index < hist_len:
                return self.history[self.history_index]
        return ''

    def getCursorPosition(self):
        return self.textCursor().columnNumber() - len(self.prompt)

    def setCursorPosition(self, position):
        self.moveCursor(QtGui.QTextCursor.StartOfLine)
        for i in range(len(self.prompt) + position):
            self.moveCursor(QtGui.QTextCursor.Right)

    def runCommand(self):
        command = self.getCommand()
        self.addToHistory(command)

        command = self.getConstruct(command)

        if command:
            tmp_stdout = sys.stdout

            class stdoutProxy():
                def __init__(self, write_func):
                    self.write_func = write_func
                    self.skip = False

                def write(self, text):
                    if not self.skip:
                        stripped_text = text.rstrip('\n')
                        self.write_func(stripped_text)
                        QtCore.QCoreApplication.processEvents()
                    self.skip = not self.skip

            sys.stdout = stdoutProxy(self.appendPlainText)
            try:
                try:
                    result = eval(command, self.namespace, self.namespace)
                    if result != None:
                        self.appendPlainText(repr(result))
                except SyntaxError:
                    exec command in self.namespace
            except SystemExit:
                self.close()
            except:
                traceback_lines = traceback.format_exc().split('\n')
                # Remove traceback mentioning this file, and a linebreak
                for i in (3,2,1,-1):
                    traceback_lines.pop(i)
                self.appendPlainText('\n'.join(traceback_lines))
            sys.stdout = tmp_stdout
        self.newPrompt()

    def keyPressEvent(self, event):
        if event.key() in (QtCore.Qt.Key_Enter, QtCore.Qt.Key_Return):
            self.runCommand()
            return
        if event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_Home:
            self.setCursorPosition(0)
            return
        if event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_PageUp:
            return
        elif event.key() in (QtCore.Qt.Key_Left, QtCore.Qt.Key_Backspace):
            if self.getCursorPosition() == 0:
                return
        elif event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_Up:
            self.setCommand(self.getPrevHistoryEntry())
            return
        elif event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_Down:
            self.setCommand(self.getNextHistoryEntry())
            return
        elif event.key() == QtCore.Qt.Key_D and event.modifiers() == QtCore.Qt.ControlModifier:
            self.close()
        super(Console, self).keyPressEvent(event)

welcome_message = '''
   ---------------------------------------------------------------
     Welcome to a primitive Python interpreter.
   ---------------------------------------------------------------
'''

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    console = Console(startup_message=welcome_message)
    console.updateNamespace({'myVar1' : app, 'myVar2' : 1234})
    console.show();
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

Answer 1

我知道有点晚，但是我推荐使用 code.InteractiveConsole
类：http
:
_//docs.python.org/py3k/library/code.html#code.InteractiveConsole_