带有UNION ALL的CASE的SQL ORDER BY

Question

运行PostgreSQL（7.4和8.x），我以为这是可行的，但是现在我遇到了错误。

我可以单独运行查询，它可以正常工作，但是如果我使用UNION或UNION ALL，则会引发错误。

出现此错误：（警告：pg_query（）：查询失败：错误：列“ Field1”不存在…按情况订购“ Field1” W …）

SELECT "Field1" AS field_1, "Field2" AS field_2,
"Field3" AS field_3, "Field4" AS field_4
FROM "TableName" 
WHERE condition
AND other_condition
UNION ALL
SELECT "Field1" AS field_1, "Field2" AS field_2,
"Field3" AS field_3, "Field4" AS field_4
FROM "TableName" 
WHERE yet_another_condition
AND yet_another_other_condition
ORDER BY CASE "Field1"
    WHEN 'A' THEN 1
    WHEN 'B' THEN 2
    WHEN 'C' THEN 3
    ELSE 4
END

这有效：

SELECT "Field1" AS field_1, "Field2" AS field_2,
"Field3" AS field_3, "Field4" AS field_4
FROM "TableName" 
WHERE yet_another_condition
AND yet_another_other_condition
ORDER BY CASE "Field1"
    WHEN 'A' THEN 1
    WHEN 'B' THEN 2
    WHEN 'C' THEN 3
    ELSE 4
END

这也有效：

SELECT "Field1" AS field_1, "Field2" AS field_2,
"Field3" AS field_3, "Field4" AS field_4
FROM "TableName" 
WHERE condition
AND other_condition
ORDER BY CASE "Field1"
    WHEN 'A' THEN 1
    WHEN 'B' THEN 2
    WHEN 'C' THEN 3
    ELSE 4
END

如果我不使用ORDER BY，而只使用UNION或UNION ALL，那么它也可以正常工作。

有任何想法吗？

Answer 1

将所有内容放入另一个SELECT中：

SELECT * FROM (
  SELECT "Field1" AS field_1, "Field2" AS field_2,
  "Field3" AS field_3, "Field4" AS field_4
  FROM "TableName" 
  WHERE condition
  AND other_condition
  UNION ALL
  SELECT "Field1" AS field_1, "Field2" AS field_2,
  "Field3" AS field_3, "Field4" AS field_4
  FROM "TableName" 
  WHERE yet_another_condition
  AND yet_another_other_condition
) As A
ORDER BY CASE field_1
    WHEN 'A' THEN 1
    WHEN 'B' THEN 2
    WHEN 'C' THEN 3
    ELSE 4
END

或者，最好在ORDER BY中使用别名，因为它是在UNION的末尾传递的：

  SELECT "Field1" AS field_1, "Field2" AS field_2,
  "Field3" AS field_3, "Field4" AS field_4
  FROM "TableName" 
  WHERE condition
  AND other_condition
  UNION ALL
  SELECT "Field1" AS field_1, "Field2" AS field_2,
  "Field3" AS field_3, "Field4" AS field_4
  FROM "TableName" 
  WHERE yet_another_condition
  AND yet_another_other_condition
  ORDER BY CASE field_1
    WHEN 'A' THEN 1
    WHEN 'B' THEN 2
    WHEN 'C' THEN 3
    ELSE 4
  END