T-SQL联接可获取配对和非配对的开始和停止记录

Question

我有一个设计不良的表，我没有设计该表，无法修复/更改
该表，因为有写入该表的第三方黑莓应用程序。最重要的是，有
一个开始记录和一个停止记录，用于跟踪没有连接的事件或
验证是否存在匹配项的事件。黑莓应用程序不执行任何操作将这些
记录绑定在一起。我试着在其自身上创建一个连接，并
以开始和结束以完全外部联接来创建临时表。该
问题是，我有重复条目被该条目将被标记为
没有伴侣。现有数据的行在开始和结束
记录上都没有配对。我已经搜索了答案，发现了一些很接近的答案，
已经带我走了这么远。我知道这是一篇很长的帖子，对此感到抱歉。

有一个单一的令人惊讶地具有主键表。没有
枢轴/相交表。结构是

ID (int PK)
activityType varchar
beginEnd varchar ('begin' or 'end')
businessKey varchar nullable
date DATETIME
technician varchar

表中也包含以下几列，但它们可以为空，并且对查询不重要。

dateSubmitted DATETIME
gpsLatitude float
gpsLongitude float
note varchar
odometer int

The query that I have now that still leaves dupes: Showing and sorting ID and
EndID are for debugging only

DECLARE @DateFrom DATETIME
DECLARE @DateTo DATETIME
SET @DateFrom='20101101'
SET @DateTo='20101102'
DECLARE @Incomplete VARCHAR(15)
SET @Incomplete = 'Incomplete'

DECLARE @StartEvents TABLE
(
[id] [numeric](19, 0) NOT NULL,
[activityType] [varchar](255) NOT NULL,
[beginEnd] [varchar](255) NULL,
[businessKey] [varchar](255) NULL,
[date] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[dateSubmitted] [datetime] NULL,
[gpsLatitude] [float] NULL,
[gpsLongitude] [float] NULL,
[note] [varchar](255) NULL,
[odometer] [int] NULL,
[technician] [varchar](255) NOT NULL
)

INSERT     @StartEvents
       ([ID],[activityType],[beginEnd],[businessKey],[date],[dateSubmitted],[gpsLatitude]
            ,[gpsLongitude],[note],[odometer],[technician])
SELECT      *
FROM        dbo.TimeEntry
WHERE 
[date] between @DateFrom AND @DateTo
AND beginEnd = 'Begin'
--AND [technician] = 'FRED'
ORDER by technician
------------------------------------------------------------
DECLARE @EndEvents TABLE
(
[id] [numeric](19, 0) NOT NULL,
[activityType] [varchar](255) NOT NULL,
[beginEnd] [varchar](255) NULL,
[businessKey] [varchar](255) NULL,
[date] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[dateSubmitted] [datetime] NULL,
[gpsLatitude] [float] NULL,
[gpsLongitude] [float] NULL,
[note] [varchar](255) NULL,
[odometer] [int] NULL,
[technician] [varchar](255) NOT NULL
)

INSERT     @EndEvents
       ([ID],[activityType],[beginEnd],[businessKey],[date],[dateSubmitted],[gpsLatitude]
            ,[gpsLongitude],[note],[odometer],[technician])
SELECT      *
FROM        dbo.TimeEntry
WHERE 
[date] between @DateFrom AND @DateTo AND
beginEnd = 'End'
--AND [technician] = 'FRED'
ORDER by technician

-- And then a conventional SELECT
SELECT     
StartEvents.id 
,EndEvents.id AS EndID
,COALESCE(
    StartEvents.activityType ,EndEvents.activityType ,'Not Available'
    ) AS ActivityType
--,StartEvents.beginEnd as [Begin] 
--,EndEvents.beginEnd AS [End]
,COALESCE (
    convert(VARCHAR(12), StartEvents.[date], 103), 
    convert(VARCHAR(12), EndEvents.[date], 103), @Incomplete
    ) as [Event Date] 
,COALESCE (
    convert(VARCHAR(12), EndEvents.[date], 103), @Incomplete 
    ) as [End Date] 
,COALESCE(
    CONVERT(VARCHAR(5) , StartEvents.dateSubmitted , 108) , @Incomplete
        ) AS StartTime
,COALESCE(
    CONVERT(VARCHAR(5) , EndEvents.dateSubmitted , 108) , @Incomplete
        ) AS EndTime
,COALESCE(
    StartEvents.note, EndEvents.note, ''
    ) as [Note]
,COALESCE(
    StartEvents.technician,EndEvents.technician,'Not Available'
    ) AS Technician

FROM         
@StartEvents As StartEvents

FULL OUTER JOIN

@EndEvents AS EndEvents ON 
StartEvents.technician = EndEvents.technician AND 
StartEvents.businessKey = EndEvents.businessKey AND 
StartEvents.activityType = EndEvents.activityType 
AND convert(VARCHAR(12), StartEvents.[date], 103) = convert(VARCHAR(12), EndEvents.[date], 103)

-- WHERE 
    --StartEvents.[date] between @DateFrom AND @DateTo OR 
    --StartEvents.[dateSubmitted] between @DateFrom AND @DateTo 
ORDER BY 
    StartEvents.Technician,
    ID,ENDID

DATA:

id,activityType,beginEnd,businessKey,date,dateSubmitted,gpsLatitude,gpsLongitude,note,odometer,technician
23569,Standby,Begin,,2010-11-01 08:00:13.000,2010-11-01 08:26:45.533,34.139,-77.895,#1140,28766,[e-mail]
23570,Travel,Begin,00100228002,2010-11-01 07:00:44.000,2010-11-01 08:34:15.370,35.0634,-80.7668,,18706,[e-mail]
23571,Standby,End,,2010-11-01 08:30:08.000,2010-11-01 08:35:20.463,34.0918,-77.9002,#1140,28766,[e-mail]
23572,Travel,Begin,00100226488,2010-11-01 08:30:41.000,2010-11-01 08:36:56.420,34.0918,-77.9002,,28766,[e-mail]
23573,Travel,End,00100226488,2010-11-01 08:45:00.000,2010-11-01 08:44:15.553,34.0918,-77.9002,,28768,[e-mail]
23574,OnSite,Begin,00100226488,2010-11-01 08:45:41.000,2010-11-01 09:24:23.943,34.0918,-77.9002,,0,[e-mail]
23575,OnSite,End,00100226488,2010-11-01 09:30:10.000,2010-11-01 09:33:19.953,34.0918,-77.9002,,28768,[e-mail]
23576,Travel,Begin,00100228137,2010-11-01 09:30:20.000,2010-11-01 09:34:57.330,34.0918,-77.9002,,28768,[e-mail]
23577,Travel,End,00100228137,2010-11-01 09:45:51.000,2010-11-01 09:42:39.230,34.0918,-77.9002,,28771,[e-mail]
23578,Travel,Begin,00100228138,2010-11-01 09:00:23.000,2010-11-01 09:58:22.857,34.9827,-80.5365,,18749,[e-mail]
23579,OnSite,Begin,00100228137,2010-11-01 09:45:47.000,2010-11-01 10:41:10.563,34.139,-77.895,,0,[e-mail]
23580,OnSite,End,00100228137,2010-11-01 10:45:43.000,2010-11-01 11:09:14.393,34.139,-77.895,,28771,[e-mail]
23581,OnSite,Begin,00100228142,2010-11-01 10:45:42.000,2010-11-01 11:29:26.447,34.139,-77.895,#1015,28771,[e-mail]
23582,OnSite,End,00100228142,2010-11-01 11:15:18.000,2010-11-01 11:55:28.603,34.139,-77.895,#1015,28771,[e-mail]
23583,Travel,Begin,,2010-11-01 11:15:06.000,2010-11-01 11:56:01.633,34.139,-77.895,"#1142 Fuel, #1154 Tickets",28771,[e-mail]
23584,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 12:00:47.000,2010-11-01 12:07:54.867,34.139,-77.895,"#1154, #1142",28774,[e-mail]
23585,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 12:00:47.000,2010-11-01 12:07:55.087,34.139,-77.895,"#1154, #1142",28774,[e-mail]
23586,Break,Begin,,2010-11-01 12:00:26.000,2010-11-01 12:08:06.007,34.139,-77.895,#1153,28774,[e-mail]
23587,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 12:00:47.000,2010-11-01 12:08:06.040,34.139,-77.895,"#1154, #1142",28774,[e-mail]
23588,Break,Begin,,2010-11-01 12:00:26.000,2010-11-01 12:08:06.070,34.139,-77.895,#1153,28774,[e-mail]
23589,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 12:00:47.000,2010-11-01 12:16:02.673,34.139,-77.895,"#1154, #1142",28774,[e-mail]
23590,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 12:00:47.000,2010-11-01 12:16:14.220,34.139,-77.895,"#1154, #1142",28774,[e-mail]
23591,Travel,Begin,00100228000,2010-11-01 11:45:19.000,2010-11-01 12:35:46.363,35.0634,-80.7668,,18760,[e-mail]
23592,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:58:51.050,34.0918,-77.9002,,28774,[e-mail]
23593,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:03.830,34.0918,-77.9002,,28774,[e-mail]
23594,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:03.893,34.1594,-77.8929,,28774,[e-mail]
23595,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:03.940,34.1594,-77.8929,,28774,[e-mail]
23596,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:15.880,34.1594,-77.8929,,28774,[e-mail]
23597,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:15.927,34.2743,-77.8668,,28774,[e-mail]
23598,Travel,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 13:15:14.000,2010-11-01 13:59:15.987,34.2743,-77.8668,,28774,[e-mail]
23599,Travel,Begin,00100228166,2010-11-01 14:00:13.000,2010-11-01 14:29:45.320,35.0634,-80.7668,,18779,[e-mail]
23600,Travel,End,00100227980,2010-11-01 15:15:58.000,2010-11-01 15:15:40.403,35.3414,-78.0325,,28880,[e-mail]
23601,Travel,Begin,00100228205,2010-11-01 15:30:46.000,2010-11-01 15:41:41.810,35.0661,-80.8376,,18781,[e-mail]
23602,OnSite,Begin,00100227980,2010-11-01 15:15:23.000,2010-11-01 15:59:45.203,35.3873,-77.9395,,28880,[e-mail]
23603,OnSite,End,00100227980,2010-11-01 16:15:22.000,2010-11-01 16:06:09.150,35.3873,-77.9395,,28880,[e-mail]
23604,Travel,Begin,00100228007,2010-11-01 16:15:15.000,2010-11-01 16:15:25.253,35.3873,-77.9395,,28880,[e-mail]
23605,Travel,Begin,,2010-11-01 16:15:12.000,2010-11-01 16:20:49.933,35.0445,-80.8227,Return trip home,18785,[e-mail]
23606,Travel,End,00100228007,2010-11-01 16:30:48.000,2010-11-01 16:26:43.360,35.3873,-77.9395,,28884,[e-mail]
23607,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 17:30:14.000,2010-11-01 17:23:57.897,35.2724,-81.1577,Return trip home,18822,[e-mail]
23608,OnSite,Begin,00100228007,2010-11-01 16:30:48.000,2010-11-01 18:38:32.700,35.3941,-77.994,,28880,[e-mail]
23609,Travel,Begin,00100228209,2010-11-01 17:45:16.000,2010-11-01 18:39:05.683,35.3941,-77.994,,28884,[e-mail]
23610,OnSite,End,00100228007,2010-11-01 17:45:52.000,2010-11-01 18:41:36.980,35.3941,-77.994,,28884,[e-mail]
23611,OnSite,Begin,00100228209,2010-11-01 18:00:38.000,2010-11-01 18:42:12.763,35.3941,-77.994,,28888,[e-mail]
23612,OnSite,End,00100228209,2010-11-01 18:30:44.000,2010-11-01 18:43:29.123,35.3941,-77.994,,28888,[e-mail]
23613,Standby,Begin,,2010-11-01 18:30:58.000,2010-11-01 18:45:28.857,35.3941,-77.994,#1157 ergo,28888,[e-mail]
23614,Standby,End,,2010-11-01 18:45:26.000,2010-11-01 18:46:01.167,35.3941,-77.994,#1157 ergo redo,28888,[e-mail]
23615,Travel,Begin,,2010-11-01 18:45:24.000,2010-11-01 18:47:37.803,35.3941,-77.994,RTN,28888,[e-mail]
23616,Travel,End,,2010-11-01 20:45:05.000,2010-11-01 20:34:39.433,34.139,-77.895,#1142 Fueled,28990,[e-mail]

在此图像中，您看到突出显示的行显示了6个结束时间，
并且开始时间相同。记录14和15显示2开始且没有结束。

Answer 1

这是滥用row_number函数的方法。请检查注释以获取一些解释。

;with Seq as (
    -- Create a master sequence of events
    -- Trust the date column to be accurate (don't match a Begin to an earlier End)
    select id, activitytype, beginend
        , coalesce(businesskey, '') as businesskey -- Needed to match nulls as equal
        , [date], technician, note
        , row_number() over (partition by technician, businesskey, activitytype order by [date], beginend, id) as rownumber
    from TimeEntry
)
select b.id as BeginID
    , e.id as EndID
    , coalesce(b.technician, e.technician) as Technician
    , coalesce(b.businesskey, e.businesskey) as BusinessKey
    , coalesce(b.activitytype, e.activitytype) as ActivityType
    , coalesce(convert(char(10), b.[date], 103), 'Incomplete') as BeginDate
    , coalesce(convert(char(10), e.[date], 103), 'Incomplete') as EndDate
    , coalesce(convert(char(5), b.[date], 108), 'Incomplete') as BeginTime
    , coalesce(convert(char(5), e.[date], 108), 'Incomplete') as EndTime
    , b.note as BeginNote
    , e.note as EndNote
from (select * from Seq where beginend = 'Begin') b -- Get all Begins
    full outer join (select * from Seq where beginend = 'End') e -- Get all Ends
        on b.technician = e.technician
            and b.businesskey = e.businesskey
            and b.activitytype = e.activitytype
            and b.rownumber = e.rownumber - 1 -- Match a Begin with only the very next End of that type
order by coalesce(b.[date], e.[date])
    , coalesce(b.id, e.id)
    , coalesce(b.technician, e.technician)
    , coalesce(b.businesskey, e.businesskey)
    , coalesce(b.activitytype, e.activitytype)

And the SQL Fiddle should anyone want the
DDL or demo.