Installation with Docker (rootless)

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2023-12-01

Gitea provides automatically updated Docker images within its Docker Hub organization. It is possible to always use the latest stable tag or to use another service that handles updating Docker images.

The rootless image use Gitea internal ssh to provide git protocol and doesn’t support openssh.

This reference setup guides users through the setup based on docker-compose, but the installation of docker-compose is out of scope of this documentation. To install docker-compose itself, follow the official install instructions.

Basics

The most simple setup just creates a volume and a network and starts the gitea/gitea:latest-rootless image as a service. Since there is no database available, one can be initialized using SQLite3. Create a directory for data and config then paste the following content into a file named docker-compose.yml. Note that the volume should be owned by the user/group with the UID/GID specified in the config file. By default Gitea in docker will use uid:1000 gid:1000. If needed you can set ownership on those folders with the command: sudo chown 1000:1000 config/ data/ If you don’t give the volume correct permissions, the container may not start. Also be aware that the tag :latest-rootless will install the current development version. For a stable release you can use :1-rootless or specify a certain release like :1.13.3-rootless.

version: "2"

services:
  server:
    image: gitea/gitea:latest-rootless
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./data:/var/lib/gitea
      - ./config:/etc/gitea
      - /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
      - "2222:2222"

Custom port

To bind the integrated ssh and the webserver on a different port, adjust the port section. It’s common to just change the host port and keep the ports within the container like they are.

version: "2"

services:
  server:
    image: gitea/gitea:latest-rootless
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./data:/var/lib/gitea
      - ./config:/etc/gitea  
      - /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
    ports:
-      - "3000:3000"
-      - "2222:2222"
+      - "80:3000"
+      - "22:2222"

MySQL database

To start Gitea in combination with a MySQL database, apply these changes to the docker-compose.yml file created above.

version: "2"

services:
  server:
    image: gitea/gitea:latest-rootless
+    environment:
+      - DB_TYPE=mysql
+      - DB_HOST=db:3306
+      - DB_NAME=gitea
+      - DB_USER=gitea
+      - DB_PASSWD=gitea
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./data:/var/lib/gitea
      - ./config:/etc/gitea  
      - /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
      - "222:22"
+    depends_on:
+      - db
+
+  db:
+    image: mysql:5.7
+    restart: always
+    environment:
+      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=gitea
+      - MYSQL_USER=gitea
+      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=gitea
+      - MYSQL_DATABASE=gitea
+    volumes:
+      - ./mysql:/var/lib/mysql

PostgreSQL database

To start Gitea in combination with a PostgreSQL database, apply these changes to the docker-compose.yml file created above.

version: "2"

services:
  server:
    image: gitea/gitea:latest-rootless
    environment:
+      - DB_TYPE=postgres
+      - DB_HOST=db:5432
+      - DB_NAME=gitea
+      - DB_USER=gitea
+      - DB_PASSWD=gitea
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./data:/var/lib/gitea
      - ./config:/etc/gitea  
      - /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
      - "2222:2222"
+    depends_on:
+      - db
+
+  db:
+    image: postgres:9.6
+    restart: always
+    environment:
+      - POSTGRES_USER=gitea
+      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=gitea
+      - POSTGRES_DB=gitea
+    volumes:
+      - ./postgres:/var/lib/postgresql/data

Named volumes

To use named volumes instead of host volumes, define and use the named volume within the docker-compose.yml configuration. This change will automatically create the required volume. You don’t need to worry about permissions with named volumes; Docker will deal with that automatically.

version: "2"

+volumes:
+  gitea:
+    driver: local
+
services:
  server:
    image: gitea/gitea:latest-rootless
    restart: always
    volumes:
-      - ./data:/var/lib/gitea
+      - gitea-data:/var/lib/gitea
-      - ./config:/etc/gitea
+      - gitea-config:/etc/gitea
      - /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
      - "2222:2222"

MySQL or PostgreSQL containers will need to be created separately.

Custom user

You can choose to use a custom user (following –user flag definition https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/run/. As an example to clone the host user git definition use the command id -u git and add it to docker-compose.yml file: Please make sure that the mounted folders are writable by the user.

version: "2"

services:
  server:
    image: gitea/gitea:latest-rootless
    restart: always
+    user: 1001
    volumes:
      - ./data:/var/lib/gitea
      - ./config:/etc/gitea
      - /etc/timezone:/etc/timezone:ro
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
      - "2222:2222"

Start

To start this setup based on docker-compose, execute docker-compose up -d, to launch Gitea in the background. Using docker-compose ps will show if Gitea started properly. Logs can be viewed with docker-compose logs.

To shut down the setup, execute docker-compose down. This will stop and kill the containers. The volumes will still exist.

Notice: if using a non-3000 port on http, change app.ini to match LOCAL_ROOT_URL = http://localhost:3000/.

Install

After starting the Docker setup via docker-compose, Gitea should be available using a favorite browser to finalize the installation. Visit http://server-ip:3000 and follow the installation wizard. If the database was started with the docker-compose setup as documented above, please note that db must be used as the database hostname.

Environments variables

You can configure some of Gitea’s settings via environment variables:

(Default values are provided in bold)

APP_NAME: “Gitea: Git with a cup of tea”: Application name, used in the page title.
RUN_MODE: prod: Application run mode, affects performance and debugging. Either “dev”, “prod” or “test”.
SSH_DOMAIN: localhost: Domain name of this server, used for the displayed clone URL in Gitea’s UI.
SSH_PORT: 2222: SSH port displayed in clone URL.
SSH_LISTEN_PORT: %(SSH_PORT)s: Port for the built-in SSH server.
DISABLE_SSH: false: Disable SSH feature when it’s not available.
HTTP_PORT: 3000: HTTP listen port.
ROOT_URL: "": Overwrite the automatically generated public URL. This is useful if the internal and the external URL don’t match (e.g. in Docker).
LFS_START_SERVER: false: Enables git-lfs support.
DB_TYPE: sqlite3: The database type in use [mysql, postgres, mssql, sqlite3].
DB_HOST: localhost:3306: Database host address and port.
DB_NAME: gitea: Database name.
DB_USER: root: Database username.
DB_PASSWD: "<empty>”: Database user password. Use `your password` for quoting if you use special characters in the password.
INSTALL_LOCK: false: Disallow access to the install page.
SECRET_KEY: "": Global secret key. This should be changed. If this has a value and INSTALL_LOCK is empty, INSTALL_LOCK will automatically set to true.
DISABLE_REGISTRATION: false: Disable registration, after which only admin can create accounts for users.
REQUIRE_SIGNIN_VIEW: false: Enable this to force users to log in to view any page.

Customization

Customization files described here should be placed in /var/lib/gitea/custom directory. If using host volumes, it’s quite easy to access these files; for named volumes, this is done through another container or by direct access at /var/lib/docker/volumes/gitea_gitea/_/var_lib_gitea. The configuration file will be saved at /etc/gitea/app.ini after the installation.

Upgrading

?? Make sure you have volumed data to somewhere outside Docker container ??

To upgrade your installation to the latest release:

# Edit `docker-compose.yml` to update the version, if you have one specified
# Pull new images
docker-compose pull
# Start a new container, automatically removes old one
docker-compose up -d

Upgrading from standard image

Backup your setup
Change volume mountpoint from /data to /var/lib/gitea
If you used a custom app.ini move it to a new volume mounted to /etc/gitea
Rename folder (inside volume) gitea to custom
Edit app.ini if needed
- Set START_SSH_SERVER = true
Use image gitea/gitea:latest-rootless

Managing Deployments With Environment Variables

In addition to the environment variables above, any settings in app.ini can be set or overridden with an environment variable of the form: GITEA__SECTION_NAME__KEY_NAME. These settings are applied each time the docker container starts. Full information here.

These environment variables can be passed to the docker container in docker-compose.yml. The following example will enable an smtp mail server if the required env variables GITEA__mailer__FROM, GITEA__mailer__HOST, GITEA__mailer__PASSWD are set on the host or in a .env file in the same directory as docker-compose.yml:

...
services:
  server:
    environment:
    - GITEA__mailer__ENABLED=true
    - GITEA__mailer__FROM=${GITEA__mailer__FROM:?GITEA__mailer__FROM not set}
    - GITEA__mailer__MAILER_TYPE=smtp
    - GITEA__mailer__HOST=${GITEA__mailer__HOST:?GITEA__mailer__HOST not set}
    - GITEA__mailer__IS_TLS_ENABLED=true
    - GITEA__mailer__USER=${GITEA__mailer__USER:-apikey}
    - GITEA__mailer__PASSWD="""${GITEA__mailer__PASSWD:?GITEA__mailer__PASSWD not set}"""

To set required TOKEN and SECRET values, consider using gitea’s built-in generate utility functions.

SSH Container Passthrough (not tested)

This should be possible by forcing authorized_keys generation via gitea admin regenerate keys.

We should use directly SSH AuthorizedKeysCommand when it will be based on internal api.