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STL vs. C++ Standard Library
区别详情参见《理解C++中STL与Standard Library》
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Standard C++ Library reference
cplusplus
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C Library
The elements of the C language library are also included as a subset of the C++ Standard Library. These cover many aspects, from general utility functions and macros to input/output functions and dynamic memory management functions:
Headers | Descripation | Details |
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(assert.h) | C Diagnostics Library | defines one macro function that can be used as a standard debugging tool |
(ctype.h) | Character handling functions | declares a set of functions to classify and tranform individual characters |
(error.h) | C Errors | |
(fenv.h) | Floating-point environment | declares a set of functions and macros to access the floating-point environment, along with specific types |
(float.h) | Characteristics of floating-point types | describes the characteristics of floating types for the specific system and compiler implementation used |
(inttypes.h) | C integer types | |
(iso646.h) | ISO 646 Alternative operator spellings | |
(limits.h) | Sizes of integral types | |
(locale.h) | C localization library | |
(cmath.h) | C numeric library | |
(setjmp.h) | Non lpcal jumps | |
(signal.h) | C library to handle signals | |
(stdarg.h) | Variable arguments handling | |
(stdbool.h) | Boolean type | |
(stddef.h) | C Standard definitions | |
(stdint.h) | Integer types | |
(stdio.h) | C library to perform Input/Output operations | C Standard Input and Output Library known as stdio.h |
(stdlib.h) | C Standard General Utilities Library | |
(string.h) | C Strings | |
(tgmath.h) | Type-generic math | |
time.h | C Time Library | |
uchar.h | Unicode characters | |
wchar.h | Wide characters | |
wctype.h | Wide character type | |
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Containers
header | description |
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| Array header |
| Bitset header |
| Deque header |
<forward_list> | Forward list |
| List header |
| Map header |
| Queue header |
| Set header |
| Stack header |
<unordered_map> | Unordered map header |
M | Unordered set header |
| Vector header |
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Input/Output Stream Library
Provides functionality to use an abstraction called streams specially designed to perform input and output operations on sequences of character, like files or strings.
This functionality is provided through several related classes, as shown in the following relationship map, with the corresponding header file names on top:
headers | classes |
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| ios_base, ios |
| istream, iostream |
| ostream |
| streambuf |
| cin, cout, cerr, clog |
| ifstream, fstream, ofstream, filebuf |
| istringstream, stringstream, ostringstream, stringbuf |
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Atomics and threading library
Headers | Describe |
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| Atomic |
<condition_variable> | Condition variable |
| Future, allow asynchronous access to values set by specific providers, possibly in a different thread |
| Mutex |
| Thread |
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Miscellaneous headers
Headers | Describe |
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| Standard Template Library: Algorithms (library) |
| Time library (header) |
| Unicode conversion facets |
| Standard exceptions |
| Function objects |
<initializer_list> | Initializer list |
| Iterator definitions |
| Numeric limits |
| Localization library |
| Memory elements |
| Dynamic memory |
| Generalized numeric operations |
| Random |
| Ratio header |
| Regular Expressions |
| Exception classes |
| Strings |
<system_error> | System errors |
| Tuple library |
| Type index |
| Type information |
<type_traits> | type_traits |
| Utility components |
| Library for arrays of numeric values |
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