以下Linux系统为例。
下载confd
的二进制文件,下载地址为:https://github.com/kelseyhightower/confd/releases。例如:
# Download the binary
wget https://github.com/kelseyhightower/confd/releases/download/v0.16.0/confd-0.16.0-linux-amd64
# 重命名二进制文件,并移动到PATH的目录下
mv confd-0.16.0-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/confd
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/confd
# 验证是否安装成功
confd --help
Confd
通过读取后端存储的配置信息来动态更新对应的配置文件,对应的后端存储可以是etcd
,redis
等,其中etcd的v3版本对应的存储后端为etcdv3
。
confdir底下包含两个目录:
conf.d
:confd的配置文件,主要包含配置的生成逻辑,例如模板源,后端存储对应的keys,命令执行等。templates
:配置模板Template,即基于不同组件的配置,修改为符合 Golang text templates的模板文件。sudo mkdir -p /etc/confd/{conf.d,templates}
模板源配置文件是TOML
格式的文件,主要包含配置的生成逻辑,例如模板源,后端存储对应的keys,命令执行等。默认目录在/etc/confd/conf.d
。
参数说明:
必要参数
dest
(string) - The target file.keys
(array of strings) - An array of keys.src
(string) - The relative path of a configuration template.可选参数
gid
(int) - The gid that should own the file. Defaults to the effective gid.mode
(string) - The permission mode of the file.uid
(int) - The uid that should own the file. Defaults to the effective uid.reload_cmd
(string) - The command to reload config.check_cmd
(string) - The command to check config. Use {{.src}}
to reference the rendered source template.prefix
(string) - The string to prefix to keys.例子
例如:/etc/confd/conf.d/myapp-nginx.toml
[template]
prefix = "/myapp"
src = "nginx.tmpl"
dest = "/tmp/myapp.conf"
owner = "nginx"
mode = "0644"
keys = [
"/services/web"
]
check_cmd = "/usr/sbin/nginx -t -c {{.src}}"
reload_cmd = "/usr/sbin/service nginx reload"
Template
定义了单一应用配置的模板,默认存储在/etc/confd/templates
目录下,模板文件符合Go的text/template
格式。
模板文件常用函数有base
,get
,gets
,lsdir
,json
等。具体可参考https://github.com/kelseyhightower/confd/blob/master/docs/templates.md。
例子:
/etc/confd/templates/nginx.tmpl
{{range $dir := lsdir "/services/web"}}
upstream {{base $dir}} {
{{$custdir := printf "/services/web/%s/*" $dir}}{{range gets $custdir}}
server {{$data := json .Value}}{{$data.IP}}:80;
{{end}}
}
server {
server_name {{base $dir}}.example.com;
location / {
proxy_pass {{base $dir}};
}
}
{{end}}
以etcdv3
存储为例,在etcd中创建以下数据。
etcdctl --endpoints=$endpoints put /services/web/cust1/2 '{"IP": "10.0.0.2"}'
etcdctl --endpoints=$endpoints put /services/web/cust2/2 '{"IP": "10.0.0.4"}'
etcdctl --endpoints=$endpoints put /services/web/cust2/1 '{"IP": "10.0.0.3"}'
etcdctl --endpoints=$endpoints put /services/web/cust1/1 '{"IP": "10.0.0.1"}'
confd支持以daemon
或者onetime
两种模式运行,当以daemon
模式运行时,confd会监听后端存储的配置变化,并根据配置模板动态生成目标配置文件。
如果以daemon
模式运行,则执行以下命令:
confd -watch -backend etcdv3 -node http://172.16.5.4:12379 &
以下以onetime
模式运行为例。其中对应的后端存储类型是etcdv3
。
# 执行命令
confd -onetime -backend etcdv3 -node http://172.16.5.4:12379
# output
2018-05-11T18:04:59+08:00 k8s-dbg-master-1 confd[35808]: INFO Backend set to etcdv3
2018-05-11T18:04:59+08:00 k8s-dbg-master-1 confd[35808]: INFO Starting confd
2018-05-11T18:04:59+08:00 k8s-dbg-master-1 confd[35808]: INFO Backend source(s) set to http://172.16.5.4:12379
2018-05-11T18:04:59+08:00 k8s-dbg-master-1 confd[35808]: INFO /root/myapp/twemproxy/conf/twemproxy.conf has md5sum 6f0f43abede612c75cb840a4840fbea3 should be 32f48664266e3fd6b56ee73a314ee272
2018-05-11T18:04:59+08:00 k8s-dbg-master-1 confd[35808]: INFO Target config /root/myapp/twemproxy/conf/twemproxy.conf out of sync
2018-05-11T18:04:59+08:00 k8s-dbg-master-1 confd[35808]: INFO Target config /root/myapp/twemproxy/conf/twemproxy.conf has been updated
在/etc/confd/conf.d/myapp-nginx.toml
中定义的配置文件的生成路径为/tmp/myapp.conf
。
[root@k8s-dbg-master-1 dest]# cat myapp.conf
upstream cust1 {
server 10.0.0.1:80;
server 10.0.0.2:80;
}
server {
server_name cust1.example.com;
location / {
proxy_pass cust1;
}
}
upstream cust2 {
server 10.0.0.3:80;
server 10.0.0.4:80;
}
server {
server_name cust2.example.com;
location / {
proxy_pass cust2;
}
}
confd的模板源文件配置:/etc/confd/conf.d/twemproxy.toml
[template]
src = "twemproxy.tmpl"
dest = "/root/myapp/twemproxy/conf/twemproxy.conf"
keys = [
"/twemproxy/pool"
]
check_cmd = "/usr/local/bin/nutcracker -t -c /root/myapp/twemproxy/conf/twemproxy.conf"
reload_cmd = "bash /root/myapp/twemproxy/reload.sh"
模板文件:/etc/confd/templates/twemproxy.tmpl
global:
worker_processes: 4 # 并发进程数, 如果为0, 这 fallback 回原来的单进程模型(不支持 config reload!)
user: nobody # worker 进程的用户, 默认 nobody. 只要主进程是 root 用户启动才生效.
group: nobody # worker 进程的用户组
worker_shutdown_timeout: 30 # 单位为秒. 用于 reload 过程中在改时间段之后强制退出旧的 worker 进程.
pools: {{range gets "/twemproxy/pool/*"}}
{{base .Key}}: {{$pool := json .Value}}
listen: {{$pool.ListenAddr.IP}}:{{$pool.ListenAddr.Port}}
hash: fnv1a_64 # 选择实例的 hash 规则
distribution: ketama
auto_eject_hosts: true # server 有问题是否剔除
redis: true # 是否为 Redis 协议
{{if $pool.Password}}redis_auth: {{$pool.Password}}{{end}}
server_retry_timeout: 5000 # 被剔除多长时间后会重试
server_connections: 25 # NOTE: server 连接池的大小, 默认为 1, 建议调整
server_failure_limit: 5 # 失败多少次后暂时剔除
timeout: 1000 # Server 超时时间, 1 sec
backlog: 1024 # 连接队列大小
preconnect: true # 预连接大小
servers:{{range $server := $pool.Servers}}
- {{$server.IP}}:{{$server.Port}}:1 {{if $server.Master}}master{{end}}
{{end}}
{{end}}
etcd
中的配置通过一个map来定义为完整的配置内容。其中key
是twemproxy
中pool
的名称,value
是pool
的所有内容。
配置对应go结构体如下:
type Pool struct{
ListenAddr ListenAddr `json:"ListenAddr,omitempty"`
Servers []Server `json:"Servers,omitempty"`
Password string `json:"Password,omitempty"`
}
type ListenAddr struct {
IP string `json:"IP,omitempty"`
Port string `json:"Port,omitempty"`
}
type Server struct {
IP string `json:"IP,omitempty"`
Port string `json:"Port,omitempty"`
Master bool `json:"Master,omitempty"`
}
配置对应JSON
格式如下:
{
"ListenAddr": {
"IP": "192.168.5.7",
"Port": "22225"
},
"Servers": [
{
"IP": "10.233.116.168",
"Port": "6379",
"Master": true
},
{
"IP": "10.233.110.207",
"Port": "6379",
"Master": false
}
],
"Password": "987654"
}
twemproxy
配置文件global:
worker_processes: 4 # 并发进程数, 如果为0, 这 fallback 回原来的单进程模型(不支持 config reload!)
user: nobody # worker 进程的用户, 默认 nobody. 只要主进程是 root 用户启动才生效.
group: nobody # worker 进程的用户组
worker_shutdown_timeout: 30 # 单位为秒. 用于 reload 过程中在改时间段之后强制退出旧的 worker 进程.
pools:
redis1:
listen: 192.168.5.7:22223
hash: fnv1a_64 # 选择实例的 hash 规则
distribution: ketama
auto_eject_hosts: true # server 有问题是否剔除
redis: true # 是否为 Redis 协议
redis_auth: 987654
server_retry_timeout: 5000 # 被剔除多长时间后会重试
server_connections: 25 # NOTE: server 连接池的大小, 默认为 1, 建议调整
server_failure_limit: 5 # 失败多少次后暂时剔除
timeout: 1000 # Server 超时时间, 1 sec
backlog: 1024 # 连接队列大小
preconnect: true # 预连接大小
servers:
- 10.233.116.169:6379:1
redis2:
listen: 192.168.5.7:22224
hash: fnv1a_64 # 选择实例的 hash 规则
distribution: ketama
auto_eject_hosts: true # server 有问题是否剔除
redis: true # 是否为 Redis 协议
redis_auth: 987654
server_retry_timeout: 5000 # 被剔除多长时间后会重试
server_connections: 25 # NOTE: server 连接池的大小, 默认为 1, 建议调整
server_failure_limit: 5 # 失败多少次后暂时剔除
timeout: 1000 # Server 超时时间, 1 sec
backlog: 1024 # 连接队列大小
preconnect: true # 预连接大小
servers:
- 10.233.110.223:6379:1 master
- 10.233.111.21:6379:1
参考文章:
https://github.com/kelseyhightower/confd/blob/master/docs/installation.md
https://github.com/kelseyhightower/confd/blob/master/docs/quick-start-guide.md
https://github.com/kelseyhightower/confd/blob/master/docs/template-resources.md
https://github.com/kelseyhightower/confd/blob/master/docs/templates.md