linux on arm,PandaBoard
This is a page about TI's Cortex-A9 based; PandaBoard and PandaBoard ES.
Availability
Boards:
Basic Requirements
Running a recent supported release of Debian, Fedora or Ubuntu on a x86 64bit based PC; without OS Virtualization Software.
Many of the listed commands assume /bin/bash as the default shell.
ARM Cross Compiler: GCC
This is a pre-built (64bit) version of Linaro GCC that runs on generic linux, sorry (32bit) x86 users, it's time to upgrade...
Download/Extract:
user@localhost:~$
wget -c https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/6.5-2018.12/arm-linux-gnueabihf/gcc-linaro-6.5.0-2018.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
tar xf gcc-linaro-6.5.0-2018.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
export CC=`pwd`/gcc-linaro-6.5.0-2018.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-
Test Cross Compiler:
user@localhost:~$
${CC}gcc --version
Test Output:
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc (Linaro GCC 6.5-2018.12) 6.5.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Bootloader: U-Boot
Das U-Boot – the Universal Boot Loader:
user@localhost:~$
git clone https://github.com/u-boot/u-boot
cd u-boot/
git checkout v2019.04 -b tmp
Patches:
user@localhost:~/u-boot$
wget -c https://github.com/eewiki/u-boot-patches/raw/master/v2019.04/0001-omap4_common-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch
patch -p1 < 0001-omap4_common-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch
Configure and Build:
user@localhost:~/u-boot$
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} distclean
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} omap4_panda_defconfig
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC}
Linux Kernel
This script will build the kernel, modules, device tree binaries and copy them to the deploy directory.
Download:
user@localhost:~$
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/armv7-multiplatform
cd armv7-multiplatform/
For v4.19.x (Longterm 4.19.x):
user@localhost:~/armv7-multiplatform$
git checkout origin/v4.19.x -b tmp
For v4.19.x-rt (Longterm 4.19.x + Real-Time Linux):
user@localhost:~/armv7-multiplatform$
git checkout origin/v4.19.x-rt -b tmp
For v5.0.x (Stable):
user@localhost:~/armv7-multiplatform$
git checkout origin/v5.0.x -b tmp
For v5.0.x-rt (Stable + Real-Time Linux):
user@localhost:~/armv7-multiplatform$
git checkout origin/v5.0.x-rt -b tmp
Build:
user@localhost:~/armv7-multiplatform$
./build_kernel.sh
Root File System
Debian 10
User
Password
debian
temppwd
root
root
Download:
user@localhost:~$
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/debian-10.2-minimal-armhf-2019-11-23.tar.xz
Verify:
user@localhost:~$
sha256sum debian-10.2-minimal-armhf-2019-11-23.tar.xz
sha256sum output:
2b2c9f44a8823c772105840725ccc340fafc59545b710f5a0e0a909d6dc4c798 debian-10.2-minimal-armhf-2019-11-23.tar.xz
Extract:
user@localhost:~$
tar xf debian-10.2-minimal-armhf-2019-11-23.tar.xz
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
User
Password
ubuntu
temppwd
Download:
user@localhost:~$
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/ubuntu-18.04.3-minimal-armhf-2019-11-23.tar.xz
Verify:
user@localhost:~$
sha256sum ubuntu-18.04.3-minimal-armhf-2019-11-23.tar.xz
sha256sum output:
7135e04fbecb5af40ab8baac368816c59af701facbd622c4505f5cdd127e3e27 ubuntu-18.04.3-minimal-armhf-2019-11-23.tar.xz
Extract:
user@localhost:~$
tar xf ubuntu-18.04.3-minimal-armhf-2019-11-23.tar.xz
Setup microSD card
We need to access the External Drive to be utilized by the target device. Run lsblk to help figure out what linux device has been reserved for your External Drive.
Example: for DISK=/dev/sdX
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
└─sda2 8:2 0 465.3G 0 part /
sdb 8:16 1 962M 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 1 961M 0 part
Thus you would use:
export DISK=/dev/sdb
Example: for DISK=/dev/mmcblkX
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
└─sda2 8:2 0 465.3G 0 part /
mmcblk0 179:0 0 962M 0 disk
└─mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 961M 0 part
Thus you would use:
export DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
Erase partition table/labels on microSD card:
sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=${DISK} bs=1M count=10
Install Bootloader:
user@localhost:~$
sudo dd if=./u-boot/MLO of=${DISK} count=1 seek=1 bs=128k
sudo dd if=./u-boot/u-boot.img of=${DISK} count=2 seek=1 bs=384k
Create Partition Layout:
With util-linux v2.26, sfdisk was rewritten and is now based on libfdisk.
Check the version of sfdisk installed on your pc
sudo sfdisk --version
Example Output
sfdisk from util-linux 2.27.1
sfdisk >= 2.26.x
sudo sfdisk ${DISK} <
4M,,L,*
__EOF__
sfdisk <= 2.25.x
sudo sfdisk --unit M ${DISK} <
4,,L,*
__EOF__
Format Partition:
for: DISK=/dev/mmcblkX
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs ${DISK}p1
for: DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs ${DISK}1
Mount Partition:
On most systems these partitions may will be auto-mounted...
sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/
for: DISK=/dev/mmcblkX
sudo mount ${DISK}p1 /media/rootfs/
for: DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mount ${DISK}1 /media/rootfs/
Install Kernel and Root File System
To help new users, since the kernel version can change on a daily basis. The kernel building scripts listed on this page will now give you a hint of what kernel version was built.
-----------------------------
Script Complete
eewiki.net: [user@localhost:~$ export kernel_version=4.X.Y-Z]
-----------------------------
Copy and paste that "export kernel_version=4.X.Y-Z" exactly as shown in your own build/desktop environment and hit enter to create an environment variable to be used later.
export kernel_version=4.X.Y-Z
Copy Root File System
user@localhost:~$
sudo tar xfvp ./*-*-*-armhf-*/armhf-rootfs-*.tar -C /media/rootfs/
sync
sudo chown root:root /media/rootfs/
sudo chmod 755 /media/rootfs/
Set uname_r in /boot/uEnv.txt
user@localhost:~$
sudo sh -c "echo 'uname_r=${kernel_version}' >> /media/rootfs/boot/uEnv.txt"
Device Tree Binary
PandaBoard EA1->A3
sudo sh -c "echo 'dtb=omap4-panda.dtb' >> /media/rootfs/boot/uEnv.txt"
PandaBoard A4->+ (non ES)
sudo sh -c "echo 'dtb=omap4-panda-a4.dtb' >> /media/rootfs/boot/uEnv.txt"
PandaBoard ES
sudo sh -c "echo 'dtb=omap4-panda-es.dtb' >> /media/rootfs/boot/uEnv.txt"
PandaBoard ES Rev B3
sudo sh -c "echo 'dtb=omap4-panda-es-b3.dtb' >> /media/rootfs/boot/uEnv.txt"
Copy Kernel Image
Kernel Image:
user@localhost:~$
sudo cp -v ./armv7-multiplatform/deploy/${kernel_version}.zImage /media/rootfs/boot/vmlinuz-${kernel_version}
Copy Kernel Device Tree Binaries
user@localhost:~$
sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/${kernel_version}/
sudo tar xfv ./armv7-multiplatform/deploy/${kernel_version}-dtbs.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/${kernel_version}/
Copy Kernel Modules
user@localhost:~$
sudo tar xfv ./armv7-multiplatform/deploy/${kernel_version}-modules.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/
File Systems Table (/etc/fstab)
sudo sh -c "echo '/dev/mmcblk0p1 / auto errors=remount-ro 0 1' >> /media/rootfs/etc/fstab"
WiFI
Install Firmware:
~/
git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git --depth=1
sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/lib/firmware/ti-connectivity
sudo cp -v ./linux-firmware/ti-connectivity/* /media/rootfs/lib/firmware/ti-connectivity
Remove microSD/SD card
sync
sudo umount /media/rootfs
FAQ
PandaBoard ES Rev B3: New Memory Timings
Note: the U-Boot patch on this wiki has this fix already applied...
Error:
U-Boot SPL 2013.04-00015-gfe81c6a (Apr 24 2013 - 14:35:14)
OMAP4460 ES1.1
SDRAM: identified size not same as expected size identified: 0
expected: 40000000
/* Disable for PandaBoard ES Rev B3 #define CONFIG_SYS_EMIF_PRECALCULATED_TIMING_REGS */
PandaBoard A4 (with "M" Micron memory)
Note: the U-Boot patch on this wiki has this fix already applied...
U-Boot SPL 2014.04-dirty (Apr 18 2014 - 13:51:58)
OMAP4430 ES2.3
SDRAM: identified size not same as expected size identified: 1000 expected: 40000000
SPL: Please implement spl_start_uboot() for your board
SPL: Direct Linux boot not active!
reading u-boot.img
reading u-boot.img
/* #define CONFIG_SYS_EMIF_PRECALCULATED_TIMING_REGS */
#define CONFIG_SYS_EMIF_PRECALCULATED_TIMING_REGS
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