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bay——安装_Oracle 12C-RAC-Centos7.txt

潘安平
2023-12-01


★★★____★☆★〓〓〓〓→2019年6月26日10:29:42 bayaim-RAC ——搭建第4次
VMware vSphere Client6.0

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
数据库 实例名 节点名 VPN scan_IP IP linux 账号/密码 内存 SWAP缓存 硬盘

"Oracle 12.1.0.2 RAC" scan_IP: 10.20.100.25
racdb1 rac1
10.20.100.21 rac1 --eth0 bayaim 10G 10G 450G
10.20.100.23 rac1-vip --eth0:1
192.168.100.21 rac1-priv --eth1
racdb2 rac2
10.20.100.22 rac2 --eth0 bayaim 10G 10G 450G
10.20.100.24 rac2-vip --eth0:1
192.168.100.22 rac2-priv --eth1

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 


机器1:
root/bayaim
oracle/oracle
grid/grid

oracle:
统一设置sys,system,dbsnmp,sysman用户的密码为oracle
sys/bayaim
system/bayaim
ASM密码为:bayaim
---------------------------------------------
>>>>>>1. 安装centos 选择语言:english / U.S.English 防止乱码
[oracle@testoracle database]$ export LANG=EN
echo $LANG
vi /etc/sysconfig/i18n

echo LANG=zh_CN.gbk
locale -a |grep en

export LANG=en_US
---------------------------------------------
>>>>>>2.
[root@rac2 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
----------------------------------------
# rac1
10.20.100.21 rac1
10.20.100.23 rac1-vip
192.168.100.21 rac1-priv

# rac2
10.20.100.22 rac2
10.20.100.24 rac2-vip
192.168.100.22 rac2-priv

# scan-ip
10.20.100.25 scan-cluster

===============================================>>>>>>>>>>>>>
>>>>>>3.一、安装操作系统
>>node1:
---------------------------------------
2核
机器内存选择2G
2块网卡
硬盘60G
选择启动前编辑
选择ISO 镜像 OL rehat5.5
回车,进入安装系统
SKIP 跳过光盘检查
NEXT
ENGLISH
US.english
选择new
swap 交换分区4G:4000M
里面2块网卡:需要手动配置 、 去掉Enable6
输入主机名:node1.localdomain
输入网关:172.16.15.254
next 跳过DNS
亚洲上海时区
口令设置密码
next
选择安装软件包
gonme.....选择X tools
虚拟化集群都不要

----------------------------------------------
>>>>>>4.磁盘规划————因为是测试环境:
冗余策略 卷划分及大小说明
OCRVOTING
OCR1 200M
OCR2 200M
OCR3 200M

DATA
Data1 40G
Data2 4G
Data3 2G

配置FLASH磁盘组,用于闪回区
FLSAH 3G
FLSAH 3G
FLSAH 3G

----------------------------------------------
第二个虚拟机:
第一块磁盘添加:
1.创建:“使用现有的虚拟磁盘” —— 选择虚拟机1中的磁盘路径 —— 更改”虚拟机2的虚拟设备节点: SCSI 1:0“ —— 选择模式 ”独立“
2.变更虚拟机2中,会自动出现 SCSI控制器,“更改类型”—— 改为 “LSI Logic SAS” (我的机器是"并行")
其他的磁盘添加依次按照上述(注意,每3个磁盘改变一下SCSI 1:0、SCSI 2:0、SCSI 3:0)

>>>>>>4.0 关闭沙盒! 关闭防火墙 ==============================================

SELINUX
vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
(本来是:SELINUXTYPE=targeted )
SELINUX=disabled

[root@ums-data mysql]# setenforce 0 (关闭沙盒!)
[root@ums-data mysql]# getenforce
Disabled

>>>bayaim1.0------关闭防火墙:>>>>>>>>

防火墙
chkconfig iptables off
chkconfig --level 35 NetworkManager off
iptables -F (清空防火墙默认规则)

#增加至sysV服务 : chkconfig --add mysqld
#开机自启动 : chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
# chkconfig --list | grep mysql

systemctl status firewalld.service //查看防火墙状态:
systemctl stop firewalld //关闭:
systemctl stop firewalld.service (停止防火墙,这是CentOS7的命令)
systemctl start firewalld //开启:
systemctl disable firewalld //禁止开机启动


打开、关闭GNOME 桌面:
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/inittab
3 -- 为命令行
5 -- 为桌面
然后重启系统后
#init 3


2.0 注意:修改了主机名后========================
[root@DB-mysql1-c mysql]# vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.1.1.11 DB-manger2

vi /etc/sysconfig/network

---修改hostname
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=rac1

hostname rac1
hostname

3.0网卡:=======================================

systemctl start NetworkManager
systemctl restart network //重启网卡-----------

// 修改网卡---------
[root@rac1 network-scripts]# pwd
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
[root@rac1 network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens256
[root@dns~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf

[root@dns ~]# chattr +i /etc/resolv.confv


【群主】一命不允许低于35(774269490) 13:11:56
日狗了
新宠真的和电魂同时使用
既有新宠磁场
又有电魂磁场
哈哈

 

增加路由规则:========================>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

route add -net 172.28.22.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 172.28.20.254 dev eth1
route add -net 172.28.22.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 172.28.20.254 dev eth2

(4)查看绑定情况

/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.66.150 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
/sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.66.149 netmask 255.255.255.0 down
ip add

上网方法:
[root@dns~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
search localdomain
nameserver 114.114.114.114

4.0 yum 挂载光盘================================================================

挂载cdrom
# mkdir /mnt
# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
或者
# mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom

安装本地光盘yum:

1.检查是否安装了yum
# rpm -qa |grep yum
redhat一般都默认安装了yum。
2.
[root@rac1 Server]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-source.repo

[rhel-source]
name=localyum
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

#这里指向了Server目录, 如果还要软件, 则还需建立指向Cluster,ClusterStorage,VT的baseurl.

4.0 赵环宇RAC:
[root@DB-mysql1-z yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@DB-mysql1-z yum.repos.d]# vi my.repo
[name]
name=my new repo
baseurl=file:///mnt
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

3.清除缓存
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum clean all
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum makecache //把yum源缓存到本地,加快软件的搜索好安装速度
[root@kangvcar ~]# yum list //列出了3780个包

4.安装测试

#yum -y install gcc

------------------------------------------------------------------
注意:asm磁盘如果用了asmlib就不能再设置成裸设备,不然在创建asm磁盘组的时候rac2的实例挂载磁盘会失败,
要么就用裸设备,不用asmlib把其他2块OCR磁盘和3块表决盘配置成裸设备,这5个每块均100M
设置asm磁盘,把3块10G的磁盘映射成VOL1、VOL2、VOL3,以后创建ASM磁盘组,存放数据文件

-------------问题四:【更改字符集】-------------------------
./runInstaller
图形化出现乱码:

echo $LANG
vi /etc/sysconfig/i18n
echo LANG=zh_CN.gbk
locale -a |grep en
export LANG=en_US

#仅节点1执行
$export LANG=en_US


规划需要的共享磁盘个数及大小
[root@rac1 home]# fdisk -l | grep /dev/sd
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk

3. 配置用户及用户组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
groupadd asmadmin
groupadd asmoper
groupadd asmdba
useradd -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -d /home/grid -s /bin/bash -c "grid Infrastructure Owner" grid
echo "grid" | passwd --stdin grid
useradd -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba,asmadmin -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash -c "Oracle Software Owner" oracle
echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracle
============================================================================================
(注意:两边配置一定要一致!!后面安装grid校验就会出错的)

useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba,asmadmin oracle
useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba grid
echo oracle | passwd --stdin oracle
echo grid | passwd --stdin grid

usermod -u 1100 grid
usermod -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -d /home/grid -s /bin/bash -c "grid Infrastructure Owner" grid

修改用户的组信息:要不以后找不到ASM组:
usermod -a -G dba,oper,asmdba,asmadmin oracle
usermod -a -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid

============================================================================================


4. 配置 grid 和 oracle 用户的配置文件

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01

============================================================================================
----------Oracle User----------
文件是:vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

export PS1="`/bin/hostname -s`-> "
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_SID=racdb1
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=racdb
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss'
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export EDITOR=vi
export LANG=en_US
export NLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8
export PATH
umask 022


生效:
source .bash_profile

============================================================================================
----------GRID User----------
文件是:vi /home/grid/.bash_profile

export PS1="`/bin/hostname -s`-> "
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy/mm/dd hh24:mi:ss'
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export EDITOR=vi
export LANG=en_US
export NLS_LANG=american_america.AL32UTF8
export PATH
umask 022

生效:
source .bash_profile

============================================================================================
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi /etc/security/limits.conf
在文件最下方输入以下内容:
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536

问题:这一步忘记做会报:
Hard limits for "maximum open file descriptors"

============================================================================================
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi /etc/pam.d/login

在文件最下方输入以下内容:
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
#session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so

注意:因为是64位的系统,所以一定要写/lib64/security/pam_limits.so
如果写成/lib/security/pam_limits.so(这是32位系统的设置),就会在虚拟机本地的字符界面模式下无法
登录

============================================================================================
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi /etc/profile

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

============================================================================================
[root@jssnode1Server]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
将下列内容加入该文件:

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 8160280
kernel.shmmax = 33424509440
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem =250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304

【使内核参数立即生效】
[root@linuxserv7 ~]#sysctl -p

=================================================================
三、停止ntp服务,11gR2新增的检查项,配置集群时间同步服务

[root@node1 ~]# service ntpd status
[root@note1 ~] #service ntpd stop
[root@note1 ~] #chkconfig --level 2345 ntpd off
[root@rac2 ~]# rm -rf /etc/ntp.conf
[root@rac1 ~]# chkconfig ntpd --list

节点二和节点三上执行相同的命令,卸载NTP
在集群安装完后,要确认ctssd是否处于活动状态
[grid@note1 ~] #crsctl check ctss


问题1:
[root@rhel5 ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192.168.0.10 ##用iscsiadm探测openfiler新添加的iscsi共享卷
-bash: iscsiadm: command not found
[root@rhel5 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /media --加载光盘,安装iscsi-initiator rpm包

解决:
[root@rac1 Packages]# pwd
/mnt/cdrom/Packages
[root@rac1 Packages]# yum install iscsi* #iscsi-initiator-utils-6.2.0.868-0.18.el5.i386.rpm

[root@iscsi-asm~] # rpm –ivh scsi-target-utils*.rpm

// RedHat 6在光盘Packages目录下
// RedHat 5在光盘ClusterStorage目录下

默认情况下,iscsi发起方和目标方之间通过端口3260连接。假设已知iscsi的目标方IP是192.168.1.1,运行下列命令:
# chkconfig iscsi on
# chkconfig iscsi --list (查看ISCSI启动状态)
# chkconfig --list |grep iscsi ##检测所有相关的iscsi服务状态
# service iscsi status
# service iscsi start ##启动iscsi服务


# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 10.20.4.215:3260

2、挂载ISCSI磁盘

A、节点一note1 上: --nodeps --force

[root@note1 ~] # rpm -ivh iscsi-initiator-utils-6.2.0.873-10.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
[root@note1 ~] # service iscsid restart //重启iscsi服务
[root@note1 ~] # chkconfig --level 2345 iscsid on //设置开机自启动
[root@note1 ~] # chkconfig --list iscsid //查看自启动项
[root@note1 ~] # iscsiadm –m node –p 172.16.1.20 –l //登录iscsi存储

B、节点二note2 上:
[root@note2 ~] # rpm –ivh iscsi-initiator-utils*.rpm
[root@note2 ~] # service iscsid restart //重启iscsi服务
[root@note2 ~] # chkconfig --level 2345 iscsid on //设置开机自启动
[root@note2 ~] # chkconfig --list iscsid //查看自启动项
[root@note2 ~] # iscsiadm –m node –p 172.16.1.20 –l //登录iscsi存储

yum list | grep lsscsi
yum list | grep iscsi
yum install iscsi*
yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils


[二]启动iscsi服务
# systemctl start iscsi
[三]设置开机启动服务
# systemctl enable iscsi
systemctl status iscsi

在rhel7中使用lsscsi --scsi_id 命令返回所有scsi设备的scsi identifier

[root@localhost etc]# lsscsi --scsi_id


============================================================================================
2.14.1 格式化共享磁盘
以root用户分别在两个节点上执行fdisk命令,查看现有硬盘分区信息:

node1:
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk -l

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# fdisk -l
root用户在node1上格式化/dev/sdb、/dev/sdc、/dev/sdd、/dev/sde这4块盘
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
n 表示新建1个分区;
p 表示分区类型选择为primary partition 主分区;
1 表示分区编号从1开始;
500 起始、终止柱面选择默认值,即1和500;
w 表示将新建的分区信息写入硬盘分区表。

[root@node1 ~]#
重复上述步骤②,以root用户在node1上分别格式化其余3块磁盘:
格式化完毕之后,在node1,node2节点上分别看到下述信息:


#仅节点1执行
[grid@cheastrac01:~]$ export LANG=en_US

规划需要的共享磁盘个数及大小

fdisk -l | grep /dev/sd
lsblk


8.配置UDEV:

以下操作只需要2个节点都执行 ------------------------------------

问题:
VMware 中使用 scsi_id 查询磁盘UUID

方法如下:
1、在虚拟机关闭以后,进入虚拟机的目录
2、用文本编辑器修改vmx文件,在vmx文件中任意位置(通常在最后)添加如下行:
disk.EnableUUID = "TRUE"
3、重新启动虚拟机,此时可以正确获取SCSI ID

============================================================================================

建议使用脚本将所有磁盘的UUID输出到x.log,然后使用列编辑搞定所有asm磁盘
cd /bai
vi test.sh
新建这个脚本,获得UUID:

#!/bin/sh
for i in b c d e f g h i j;
do
echo "KERNEL==\"sd$i\",SUBSYSTEM=="block", PROGRAM==\"/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\$name\", RESULT==\"`/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`\", SYMLINK+=\"asm-disk$i\",OWNER=\"grid\", GROUP=\"asmadmin\",MODE=\"0660\""
done

SUBSYSTEM=="block"


#!/bin/sh
for i in b c d e f g h i j
do
echo "KERNEL==\"sd*\", BUS==\"scsi\", PROGRAM==\"/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/\$name\", RESULT==\"`/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sd$i`\", NAME=\"asm-disk$i\", OWNER=\"grid\", GROUP=\"asmadmin\", MODE=\"0660\""
done

chmod 755 test.sh
./test.sh > x.log


KERNEL=="sdb1",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="36000c29098f786549d5d024e01626b87",SYMLINK+="asm-diskb1",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

redhat 7.x命令为:

/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sdb
/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sdb

redhat 6.x命令为:
//获取磁盘UUID

/sbin/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/sdb 或 #/sbin/scsi_id -g -u /dev/sda

查看硬盘UUID:
lsblk
ls -la /dev/disk/by-id
ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid
blkid /dev/sda5

系统启动盘绑定 更改:==============>>>>>>>
vi /etc/grub.conf
boot=/dev/sda


#添加记录到/etc/scsi_id.config
编辑/etc/scsi_id.config文件,如果该文件不存在,则创建该文件,添加如下行:
[root@rac1 dev]# echo "options=--whitelisted --replace-whitespace" >> /etc/scsi_id.config

创建 rules 文件:
# cd /etc/udev/rules.d
# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

把 x.log中 信息复制到99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 下面

 

/sbin/udevadm control --reload-rules
systemctl restart systemd-udev-trigger.service
udevadm trigger
systemctl restart systemd-udevd.service
partprobe
ls -l /dev/asm*


4.重启系统

systemctl reboot

shutdown -r now
reboot


重载 UDEV:
sudo /etc/init.d/udev-post reload
sudo udevcontrol reload_rules

rac1启动UDEV:

#start_udev
或者
#/sbin/start_udev
Starting udev: [ OK ]


[root@rac1 rules.d]# ls -l /dev/asm*
0 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 48 Apr 30 14:12 /dev/asm-diskc
0 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 64 Apr 30 14:12 /dev/asm-diskd
0 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 80 Apr 30 14:12 /dev/asm-diske
0 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 96 Apr 30 14:12 /dev/asm-diskf
0 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 112 Apr 30 14:12 /dev/asm-diskg
0 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 128 Apr 30 14:12 /dev/asm-diskh
0 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 144 Apr 30 14:12 /dev/asm-diski
0 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 160 Apr 30 14:12 /dev/asm-diskj
0 brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 176 Apr 30 14:12 /dev/asm-diskk

传输到rac2上:

[root@rac1 rules.d]# scp /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 10.20.4.216:/etc/udev/rules.d/
root@10.20.4.216's password:
99-oracle-asmdevices.rules 100% 1945 1.9KB/s 00:00
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

rac2启动UDEV
#/sbin/start_udev
[root@rac2 rules.d]# ls -l /dev/asm*

=======================================================================================================================
二.安装 Grid
使用 X manager 连接到节点 1 上,设置 DISPLAY。

节点2准备工作
我们已经在node1完成基本准备配置工作,在node2上重复上述2.2到2.10节中准备工作,以完成节点2的准备工作。
说明:2.3节配置SCAN IP已在节点2上完成,可忽略。2.4节中需要修改对应的环境变量。

问题:<<<<<配置oracle,grid 用户SSH对等性>>>>>>>>>
配置oracle用户对等性

10.1.1.21 Woyee@121
10.1.1.22 Woyee@122

node1:

[root@rac1 ~]# su - oracle
rac1-> mkdir ~/.ssh
rac1-> chmod 700 ~/.ssh
rac1-> ls -al
rac1-> ssh-keygen -t rsa (连续按三下回车)
rac1-> ssh-keygen -t dsa (连续按三下回车)

node2:

[root@rac1 ~]# su - oracle
rac2-> mkdir ~/.ssh
rac2-> chmod 700 ~/.ssh
rac2-> ls -al
rac2-> ssh-keygen -t rsa (连续按三下回车)
rac2-> ssh-keygen -t dsa (连续按三下回车

返回节点1:

rac1-> cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
rac1-> cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
rac1->
oracle@rac2's password:
rac1-> ssh rac2 cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >>~/.ssh/authorized_keys
oracle@rac2's password:
rac1-> scp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys rac2:~/.ssh/authorized_keys
oracle@rac2's password:

验证oracle SSH对等性:
在node1,node2两个节点上分别执行下述命令,第一次执行时需要口令验证:
ssh rac1 date
ssh rac2 date
ssh rac1-priv date
ssh rac2-priv date
ssh rac1-vip date
ssh rac2-vip date

返回节点1:

rac1-> ssh rac2-vip date
Tue Apr 9 19:37:06 CST 2019
rac1-> ssh rac1-vip date
Tue Apr 9 19:37:07 CST 2019
rac1-> ssh rac1-priv date
Tue Apr 9 19:37:14 CST 2019
rac1-> ssh rac2-priv date
Tue Apr 9 19:37:18 CST 2019
rac1-> ssh rac2 date
Tue Apr 9 19:37:22 CST 2019
rac1-> ssh rac1-vip date
Tue Apr 9 19:37:25 CST 2019
rac1->
返回节点2:
也要测试:

============================================================================================

Nothing to do
[root@rac2 network-scripts]# systemctl restart sshd


至此,Oracle用户SSH对等性配置完成!重复上述步骤,以grid用户配置其对等性。
<<<<<配置oracle,grid 用户SSH对等性>>>>>>>>>
[root@rac1 ~]# su - grid
node1:
node2:
重复上述步骤,

格式化共享磁盘-------------------------------------------
以root用户分别在两个节点上执行fdisk命令,查看现有硬盘分区信息:

node1:
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk -l

node2:
[root@node2 ~]# fdisk -l
root用户在node1上格式化/dev/sdb、/dev/sdc、/dev/sdd、/dev/sde这4块盘
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
n 表示新建1个分区;
p 表示分区类型选择为primary partition 主分区;
1 表示分区编号从1开始;
500 起始、终止柱面选择默认值,即1和500;
w 表示将新建的分区信息写入硬盘分区表。

[root@node1 ~]#
重复上述步骤②,以root用户在node1上分别格式化其余3块磁盘:
格式化完毕之后,在node1,node2节点上分别看到下述信息:


#仅节点1执行
[grid@cheastrac01:~]$ export LANG=en_US

规划需要的共享磁盘个数及大小
[root@rac1 home]# fdisk -l | grep /dev/sd
[root@localhost etc]# lsblk

格式化ASM 裸设备:
[root@rac1 utl]# ll /dev/asm*
[root@rac1 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/asm-diskb bs=1M count=256


安装完毕后,执行 rpm -qa|grep asm确认是否安装成功。

 

[root@rac1 trace]# ls *.log
alert_+ASM1.log
[root@rac1 trace]# pwd
/u01/app/grid/diag/asm/+asm/+ASM1/trace

查看CRS日志

[root@rac1 ~]# find / -name crsd.log
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/log/rac1/crsd/crsd.log

============================================================================================
2.5 解压安装介质
node1:

Oracle Database(includes Oracle Database和Oracle RAC)安装数据库至少需要这两个安装包:

p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

Oracle Grid Infrastructure(包括Oracle ASM、Oracle Clusterware和Oracle Restart):
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip

注意:这里的3个软件包均是来源于MetaLink网站,其版本均是目前Oracle 11g的最新版本,11.2.0.3.0。
如果没有MetaLink账号的话,也可以从oracle官方网站免费获取11.2.0.1.0的版本软件来进行安装和配置。

我们通过下述命令来解压上述3个压缩软件包:

[root@rac1 bai]# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
[root@rac1 bai]# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
[root@rac1 bai]# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
[root@rac1 bai]# du -sh database/
2.5G database/
[root@rac1 bai]# du -sh grid/
1.3G grid/

为便于将来安装软件,分别将其move到oracle用户和grid用户的家目录:
chown -R grid:oinstall /bai/grid/
chown -R oracle:oinstall /bai/database/
mv database/ /home/oracle/
mv grid/ /home/grid/

============================================================================================

2.6 安装前预检查配置信息
yum -y install unixODBC*
yum -y install xorg-x11-apps
yum -y install libXp*
yum -y install pdksh

rpm -ivh compat-lib* --nodeps --force >>>>>强制安装的方法
[root@rac1 bai]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm --nodeps --force
[root@rac1 bai]# rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm

安装依赖包,配好yum装吧

yum install -y unixODBC* xorg-x11-apps libXp* pdksh binutils compat-libstdc++-33 glibc ksh libaio libgcc libstdc++ make compat-libcap1 gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel libaio-devel libstdc++-devel sysstat elfutils-libelf-devel

yum install binutils compat-db compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-296 compat-gcc-34-c++ compat-gcc-34 control-center elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers gnome-screensaver kernel-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXp make numactl-devel openmotif openmotif22 pdksh rsh setarch sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel xorg-x11 xorg-x11-apps libcap

============================================================================================

图形界面grid用户运行
#su - grid
node1-> ./runInstaller


在安装 GRID之前,建议先利用CVU(Cluster Verification Utility)检查 CRS的安装前环境。

使用 CVU 检查CRS的安装前环境:
# su – grid
node1-> cd grid/
node1-> ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n rac1,rac2 -fixup -verbose
(注意:这个里面是节点的意思,不是实例)

Please run the following script on each node as "root" user to execute the fixups:
'/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/runfixup.sh'
Pre-check for cluster services setup was unsuccessful on all the nodes.
node1->
从上面的预检查结果中,可以看到不成功,其实错误的原因是grid用户不属于dba组!不过,Oracle自动给我们提供的修复的脚本,根据上述提示,分别以root用户在两个节点上执行/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.3.0_grid/runfixup.sh脚本来修复。


直到此步骤,我们的安装环境已经完全准备OK!!!

大家在使用客户端连接linux的时候,secureCRT是个非常棒的工具,但是由于不支持图形模式,在一些需要图形界面
的时候就很麻烦,其实有个比较简单的解决办法,就是使用xmanager的passive.
如果提示“Warning: Missing charsets in String to FontSet conversion”不需理会,只是字符转换问题。在执行netca的时候,提前设置

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

export LANG=en_US 设置为英文环境即可。

bayaim: 打开:Xmanager - Passive 后台运行着


查看本地"CMD"——IPconfig: IPv4 地址 . . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.28.22.16

rac1-> source .bash_profile
rac1-> export DISPLAY=172.28.22.16:0.0
rac1-> export LANG=en_US
rac1-> xhost +
rac1-> xclock
rac1-> ./runInstalle

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
注意:
在 11gr2 中
external >= 1
normal >=3
high >=5

安装步骤细节:(网上搜不到的 ,bayaim~!!!)=-========
1/8. 选择“第一个”: 安装和配置cluster
2/8. 选择“第二个”:高级安装
3/8. 选择“english”
4/16. 修改1.cluster name 改成: scan-cluster
修改2.scan name 改成: scan-cluster
修改3.取消 configure GNS
6/16. 点击 “ADD” 添加 1.hostanme 为: rac2
2.VIP name 为:rac2-vip
点击SSHconectivity ,输入grid用户密码:grid 再点击 "test" 测试是否shh 互信可通
(注意不要相信Oracle软件,要自己测试)
7/16. 确定用哪一个网卡,IP段位,next
8/16. 选择“第一个”: 自动ASM
9/16. 配置asm:1.输入名字:OCR , normal, 1M
2.点击“change discovery path” 输入: /dev/asm* 点击回车
3.确定ASM 磁盘都是 : 磁盘状态必须是(候选)
10/16. 注意:
ASM的SYS、ASMSNMP用户配置为相同的口令,并输入口令 : bayaim ,点击“YES”
11/17. 选择“第二个”: 不用IPM
12/17. 修改1.OSDBA 选择:asmdba
修改2.OSOPER 选择:asmoper
修改3.OSASM 选择:asmadmin
13/17. 默认: 指定$ORACLE_BASE 和 $GRID_BASE 不用动。下一步
15/18. 默认: 下一步
下面就是检查是否缺少包~!!!!
再运行root.sh

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
问题1:
This task verifies cluster time synchronization on clusters that use Network Time Protocol (NTP).?(more details)

解决办法:
# service ntpd stop
Shutting down ntpd: [ OK ]
# chkconfig --level 2345 ntpd off
# rm -rf /etc/ntp.conf

节点二和节点三上执行相同的命令,卸载NTP

在集群安装完后,要确认ctssd是否处于活动状态
#crsctl check ctss
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

问题1:
Device Checks for ASM
This is a pre-check to verify if the specified devices meet the requirements for configuration through the Oracle Universal Storage Manage
解决办法: 因未配置DNS,此错误可以忽略。忽略报错会弹窗,问是否忽略错误,确认就好

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
问题2:
This is a prerequisite condition to test whether sufficient total swap space is available on system

解决办法:
4) 修改swap 分区:------------

以下操作需要root权限。

#cd /usr/
#mkdir swap
#dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=2G count=4
dd if=/dev/zero of=swapfile bs=2M count=1024

这条命令从硬盘里分出一个 2×8G 大小的空间,挂在swapfile上。

#mkswap swapfile

构建swap格式于/usr/swap/swapfile 上

#swapon swapfile

激活swapfile ,加入到swap分区中。

# vi /etc/fstab
在/etc/fstab文件中加入下面这样一行:

/usr/swap/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0

bs=bytes:同时设置读入/输出的块大小为bytes个字节。
count=blocks:仅拷贝blocks个块,块大小等于ibs指定的字节数。

在所有节点上安装完cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1软件后,重新执行预检查,不再有警告信息

------------------------------------------------------------------------
问题3:
准备作为CRS磁盘组的3个磁盘都是200M,选择CRS对应的磁盘组报如下错误
INS-30515: Insufficient space available in the selected disks.
原因:Insufficient space available in the selected Disks. At least, string MB of free space is required.
所选的磁盘空间不足。

解决办法:改成3个1G的磁盘解决问题。

=================================================================================

注意顺序: 先在第一个节点上执行,然后其他节点顺序执行,不能同时执行
根据提示以root用户分别在两个节点上执行脚本:

node1:
[root@rac1 ~]#sh /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
node2:
[root@rac2 ~]#sh /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
node1:
[root@rac1 ~]#sh /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
中间按一次回车
node2:
[root@rac2 ~]#sh /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
中间按一次回车

=================================================================================
rac1 效果如下:

[root@oracle-rac01 lib64]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g

The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= grid
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
The contents of "dbhome" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "oraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.
The contents of "coraenv" have not changed. No need to overwrite.

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
User ignored Prerequisites during installation
Installing Trace File Analyzer
OLR initialization - successful
root wallet
root wallet cert
root cert export
peer wallet
profile reader wallet
pa wallet
peer wallet keys
pa wallet keys
peer cert request
pa cert request
peer cert
pa cert
peer root cert TP
profile reader root cert TP
pa root cert TP
peer pa cert TP
pa peer cert TP
profile reader pa cert TP
profile reader peer cert TP
peer user cert
pa user cert
Adding Clusterware entries to upstart
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.mdnsd' on 'oracle-rac01'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.mdnsd' on 'oracle-rac01' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gpnpd' on 'oracle-rac01'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gpnpd' on 'oracle-rac01' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'oracle-rac01'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.gipcd' on 'oracle-rac01'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssdmonitor' on 'oracle-rac01' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.gipcd' on 'oracle-rac01' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.cssd' on 'oracle-rac01'
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.diskmon' on 'oracle-rac01'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.diskmon' on 'oracle-rac01' succeeded
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.cssd' on 'oracle-rac01' succeeded

已成功创建并启动 ASM。

已成功创建磁盘组DATA。

clscfg: -install mode specified
Successfully accumulated necessary OCR keys.
Creating OCR keys for user 'root', privgrp 'root'..
Operation successful.
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
Successful addition of voting disk 97aa7b7c2eb24fedbf4026f3fd9d184e.
Successfully replaced voting disk group with +DATA.
CRS-4256: Updating the profile
CRS-4266: Voting file(s) successfully replaced
## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group
-- ----- ----------------- --------- ---------
1. ONLINE 97aa7b7c2eb24fedbf4026f3fd9d184e (/dev/asm-disk1) [DATA]
Located 1 voting disk(s).
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.asm' on 'oracle-rac01'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.asm' on 'oracle-rac01' succeeded
CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.DATA.dg' on 'oracle-rac01'
CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.DATA.dg' on 'oracle-rac01' succeeded
Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded ~!!!!!!
---------------------------------------------------------------
至此,这样,才叫安装成功。
此时,集群件相关的服务已经启动。当然,ASM实例也将在两个节点上启动。

rac2 效果如下:
[root@rac2 ~]# sh /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g

The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= grid
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...


Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Using configuration parameter file: /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/crsconfig_params
Creating trace directory
User ignored Prerequisites during installation
Installing Trace File Analyzer
OLR initialization - successful
Adding Clusterware entries to upstart
CRS-4402: The CSS daemon was started in exclusive mode but found an active CSS daemon on node rac1, number 1, and is terminating
An active cluster was found during exclusive startup, restarting to join the cluster
Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster ... succeeded ~!!!!!!

=================================================================================

问题1:
/u01/app/grid/11.2.0/bin/clscfg.bin: error while loading shared libraries: libcap.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
Failed to create keys in the OLR at /u01/app/grid/11.2.0/crs/install/crsconfig_lib.pm line 7497.
方法1:
安装与 libcap 有关的包就可以解决这个问题,安装包之后再重新执行root.sh
yum -y install libcap*

方法2:
[root@rac1 lib64]# find / -name libcap.so.2
/lib64/libcap.so.2
[root@rac1 lib64]# cd /lib64/
[root@rac1 lib64]# ln -s libcap.so.2.16 libcap.so.1
[root@rac1 lib64]# ls -l libcap
libcap-ng.so.0 libcap.so libcap.so.2
libcap-ng.so.0.0.0 libcap.so.1 libcap.so.2.16

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
问题1:

两个节点都 ls -l /tmp 看看,对比一下权限
(注意:删除RAC2: /TMP/CVU目录,重新建立!!! 注意权限是GRID)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
问题2:
[INS-20802] Oracle Cluster Verification Utility failed
原因:scan ip已经存在
解决办法:
ping scan ip,如果可以ping通,忽略,跳过即可。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
在2个节点上都执行,看看集群软件是否启动好:

[root@rac1 app]# su - grid
rac1-> crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora....N1.lsnr ora....er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.OCR.dg ora....up.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.cvu ora.cvu.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....network ora....rk.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.vip ora....t1.type ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....ry.acfs ora....fs.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.scan1.vip ora....ip.type ONLINE ONLINE rac1

因为我们使用 CTSS 来同步的,验证 CTSS:
[grid@rac1 u01]$ crsctl check ctss
CRS-4701: The Cluster Time Synchronization Service is in Active mode.
CRS-4702: Offset (in msec): 0

至此,GI 安装结束。
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@rac1 bin]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crs_stat -t


安装到最后,内网RAC会出现一个报错:
问题1:
INS-20802] Oracle Cluster Verification Utility failed.

原因:scan ip已经存在
解决办法:
ping scan-cluster
如果可以ping通,忽略,跳过即可

=================================================================================
//如果显示没有检测到这个命令,检测PATH路径,是否有设置

[grid@node1 ~]$ echo $PATH


五:ASM配置
注:asm配置只在rac1一台服务器上安装即可

创建ASM磁盘组
以grid用户创建ASM磁盘组,创建的ASM磁盘组为下一步创建数据库提供存储。
grid用户登录图形界面,执行asmca命令来创建磁盘组:
[root@rac1 bin]# su - grid
rac1-> env | grep ORA
ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
ORACLE_TERM=xterm
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
rac1-> export DISPLAY=10.20.100.114:0.0
rac1-> export LANG=en_US
rac1-> xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
rac1-> xclock
rac1-> asmca
rac1-> exit
进入ASMCA配置界面后,单击Create,创建新的磁盘组:

1.输入磁盘组名 DATA,冗余策略选择External,磁盘选择ORCL:VOL3,单击OK DATA磁盘组创建完成,单击OK:
2.继续创建磁盘组,磁盘组名FLASH,冗余策略选择 External,磁盘选择ORCL:VOL4:
最后,完成DATA、FLASH磁盘组的创建,Exit推出ASMCA图形配置界面:
至此,利用ASMCA创建好DATA、FLASH磁盘组。
且,可以看到连同之前创建的GRIDDG 3个磁盘组均已经被RAC双节点MOUNT。

=======================================================================
六、创建数据库Oracle 软件==========>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
注:Oracle安装只在rac1一台服务器上安装即可

#su - oracle
rac1-> export DISPLAY=10.20.100.128:0.0
rac1-> export LANG=en_US
rac1-> xhost +
rac1-> xclock
rac1-> ./runInstaller

用 oracle 用户, 连上节点 1, 进入 Oracle 的安装目录, 安装 Oracle 软件,
注意这里只安装软件。
不需要邮件
跳过升级
只安装数据库软件
设置 SSH -->> 输入 Oracle密码 -->> setup -->> ssh 互信测试
RAC数据库安装
添加简体中文
选择企业版
之前环境变量设置过
选择oracle用户组,选择“oper” Next:
造成原因是因为没有配置DNS,在这里可以忽略
root用户在rac1和rac2都要执行脚本

[root@rac1 lib64]# sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh
[root@rac2 lib64]# sh /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh

安装完成


=====================>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
七、创建RAC集群数据库
注:Oracle安装只在rac1一台服务器上安装即可

以oracle用户
登录图形界面,执行dbca,进入DBCA的图形界面:
[root@rac1 bin]# su - oracle
rac1-> export DISPLAY=10.20.100.128:0.0
rac1-> source .bash_profile
rac1-> export LANG=en_US
rac1-> xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
rac1-> xclock
rac1-> dbca
选择第1项,创建RAC数据库
选择创建数据库选项
选择创建通用数据库,Next:
配置类型选择Admin-Managed,输入数据库名baydb,选择双节点,Next:
选择默认,配置OEM、启用数据库自动维护任务,Next:
选择数据库用户使用同一口令,Next
数据库存储选择ASM,使用OMF,数据区选择之前创建的DATA磁盘组,Next:
指定数据库闪回区,选择之前创建好的FLASH磁盘组,Next:
选择创建数据库自带Sample Schema,Next:
选择数据库字符集,AL32UTF8,Next:
选择默认数据库存储信息,直接Next:
单击,Finish,开始创建数据库,Next:
创建数据库可能持续时间稍长:
完成创建数据库。
至此,我们完成创建RAC数据库!!!

ASM密码为:bayaim

https://rac1:1158/em

netmgr

[root@rac1 ~]# cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora.rac1 Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora.rac1
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

RACDB1 =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.1.1.27)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = racdb1)
)
)

RACDB =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = scan-cluster)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = racdb)
)
)

[root@rac2 ~]# su - grid
rac2-> lsnrctl status
-------------------------------------------
su - grid
listerner 不建
listerner_scan 配置监听racdb1 这个数据库
建立:1. racdb1
2. racdb2
su - oracle
listerner 不建
tnsnames oracle 自动建立了 RACDB (ip:scan-cluster)

-----------------------------------------------------------------
问题4:
Oracle RAC 11.2.0.4 – RHRL 6.4: DiskGroup resource are not running on nodes. Database instance may not come up on these nodes
解决办法:
请见我写的:
RAC_11.2.0.4 – RHRL 6.4 DiskGroup resource.docx


-----------------------------------------------------------------
问题5:DBCA建库找不到ASM磁盘一例

[root@rac2 grid]# su - grid
rac2-> cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin
rac1-> ls -l oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 grid oinstall 209836184 Apr 9 17:50 oracle 文件权限正确
-rwxr-x--x 1 grid oinstall 209914519 9月 7 14:42 oracle 文件权限错误
[root@rac1 bin]# chmod 751 oracle
[root@rac1 bin]# chmod 6751 oracle

 

[root@rac2 grid]# su - oracle
rac2-> cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin
rac2-> ls -l oracle
-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle oinstall 239501424 Apr 9 20:03 oracle 文件权限正确

修改权限:

-rwsr-s--x 1 oracle asmdba 239626641 Apr 17 14:34 oracle
rac1-> chown -R oracle:oinstall oracle
rac1-> ls -l oracle
-rwxr-x--x 1 oracle oinstall 239626641 Apr 17 14:34 oracle
rac1-> chmod 6751 oracle


rac1-> source .bash_profile
rac1-> export ORACLE_SID=baydb1
rac1-> sqlplus / as sysdba

============================================================================================
oracle学习之asm实例的数据库启动方式

1.先启动asm相关服务:
crsctl start resource ora.cssd

2.启动asm实例;
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn / as sysasm
SQL>startup

3.启动数据库:
sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn / as sysdba
SQL>startup

 

 

修改1:
chmod +s oracle
重新回到DBCA建库界面继续执行,则会成功发现ASM磁盘组,并成功建库。

$ORACLE_HOME/bin/oracle该文件的默认权限为 751权限,有个s权限,如果s权限消失,这时通过OS认证将不能登录到数据库;

-----------------------------------------------------------------
问题6: dbca asm ora 01017错误

修改2:【bayaim注意 坑逼,node1、node2都要执行】
usermod -a -G asmdba,asmadmin,asmoper,dba,oinstall oracle
usermod -a -G asmdba,asmadmin,asmoper,dba,oinstall grid


通过截图报错查看dbca日志和所示的oraagent_oracle.log

dbca日志 :
/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca

/app/grid/11.2.0/log/rac2/agent/crsd/oraagent_oracle

-----------------------------------------------------------------


ORA-19624 ORA-19870 ORA-19504 ORA-17502
今天做了个很简单的实验,11g asm建库的时候报错如下:
其实就是很简单的权限问题
[root@rac1 dev]# ls -l /dev/sd*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 0 Apr 11 13:46 /dev/sda
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 1 Apr 11 13:46 /dev/sda1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 2 Apr 11 13:46 /dev/sda2
brwxrwxr-x 1 grid asmadmin 8, 16 Apr 11 13:47 /dev/sdb
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 17 Apr 11 13:47 /dev/sdb1
brwxrwxr-x 1 grid asmadmin 8, 32 Apr 11 13:47 /dev/sdc
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 33 Apr 11 13:47 /dev/sdc1
brwxrwxr-x 1 grid asmadmin 8, 48 Apr 11 13:47 /dev/sdd
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 49 Apr 11 13:47 /dev/sdd1
brwxrwxr-x 1 grid asmadmin 8, 64 Apr 11 13:47 /dev/sde
brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 65 Apr 11 13:47 /dev/sde1

[root@rac1 ~]# fdisk -l | grep /dev/sd
Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 125829119 61864960 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
/dev/sdb1 2048 2097151 1047552 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdc: 524 MB, 524288000 bytes, 1024000 sectors
/dev/sdc1 102399 1023999 460800+ 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdd: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
/dev/sdd1 2048 16777215 8387584 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sde: 524 MB, 524288000 bytes, 1024000 sectors
/dev/sde1 2048 1023999 510976 83 Linux
[root@rac1 ~]# chown -R grid:asmadmin /dev/sdb
[root@rac1 ~]# chown -R grid:asmadmin /dev/sdc
[root@rac1 ~]# chown -R grid:asmadmin /dev/sdd
[root@rac1 ~]# chown -R grid:asmadmin /dev/sde
[root@rac1 ~]# chmod 775 /dev/sdb
[root@rac1 ~]# chmod 775 /dev/sdc
[root@rac1 ~]# chmod 775 /dev/sdd
[root@rac1 ~]# chmod 775 /dev/sde
[root@rac1 ~]#

 

 

spfile:+DTA/orcl/spfileorcl.ora

The Database Control URL is http://rac1:1158/em

tnsnames.ora:

[root@rac2 admin]# pwd
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin

 

rac1-vip-> env | grep ORA
ORACLE_SID=+ASM1
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
ORACLE_TERM=xterm
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
rac1-vip-> cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
rac1-vip->


[root@rac2 ~]# find / -name crsctl
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl
[root@node1 bin]# ./crsctl start has

以上has启动命令需要在每个节点分别执行

查看节点状态

/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crs_stat -t

/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/srvctl


[grid@node1 ~]$ crs_stat -t -v 或者 crsctl status resource -t

2、启动集群(cluster)

[root@node1 ~]# ./crsctl start cluster -all --所有节点同时启动


[root@node1 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl start cluster -all --所有节点同时启动

[root@rac1 log]# ll /dev/raw/*


11g cluster 的启动顺序是:
ohash
cssd
crsd
evmd

==========================

问题:

1. 如果虚拟机前期磁盘不够,不要关机增加磁盘,这样磁盘号:sdk* 就变动,进而影响ASM对应规则,一定要在线扩。

 

[root@rac2 ~]# ls -lh /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crf/db/rac2/crfclust.bdb
-rw-r----- 1 root root 128K Apr 23 14:59 /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crf/db/rac2/crfclust.bdb


[root@rac2 /]# cat /dev/null >./root/.xsession-errors
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@rac2 /]# ls -lh ./root/.xsession-errors
-rw------- 1 root root 260K Apr 30 13:26 ./root/.xsession-errors

 


查看数据库:
C:\Users\Administrator>sqlplus sys/bayaim@rac_baydb as sysdba


[oracle@rac2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> select instance_name,status from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME STATUS
---------------- ------------
racdb1 OPEN
SQL> SELECT a.NAME,a.DATABASE_ROLE,a.OPEN_MODE,a.LOG_MODE FROM V$DATABASE a;

alter user user1 account unlock;

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/bayaim/p/11120249.html

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