GBase 8s 常用管理员命令汇总-gadmin
彭建业
GBase 8s 常用管理员命令汇总-gadmin
gadmin
| 命令 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| gadmin -m | 将数据库服务器从静态模式或单用户模式，切换为在线模式 |
| gadmin -k | 完全关闭数据库 |
| gadmin -s | 以优雅地方式关闭数据库服务器，切换到静态模式 |
| gadmin -u | 立即关闭数据库服务器，切换到静态模式 |
| gadmin -j | 使数据库服务器进入单用户方式 |
| gadmin -l | 切换逻辑日志文件 |
| gadmin -c | 强制执行检查点 |
| gadmin -r | 开始共享内存的常驻部分的强制驻留 |
| gadmin -n | 结束共享内存的常驻部分的强制驻留 |
| gadmin -p | 添加或删除虚拟管理器 |
| gadmin -P | 动态地启动、停止或重启监听线程 |
| gadmin -wf | 更新 onconfig 文件中指定配置参数的值 |
| gadmin -wm | 动态设置内存中指定配置参数的值 |
| gadmin -z | 终止数据库服务器会话 |
切换数据库到在线模式
当数据库处于单用户模式或静态模式时，可以通过这个命令，将数据库切换到在线模式，并对外提供数据库服务。
语法：
gadmin -m
操作演示
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
Single-User -- Up 00:02:05 -- 333720 Kbytes
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -m
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
On-Line -- Up 00:02:15 -- 333720 Kbytes
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
切换数据库到离线模式
使用下面的命令，可以关闭数据库。当数据库出现意外情况（如rootdbs被意外删除），需要进行冷恢复时，需要先将数据库关闭。
语法
gadmin -k
操作演示
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
On-Line -- Up 00:03:50 -- 333720 Kbytes
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -k
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
This will take GBase Database Server OFF-LINE -
Do you wish to continue (y/n)? y
There are 0 user threads that will be killed.
Do you wish to continue (y/n)? y
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
shared memory not initialized for GBASEDBTSERVER 'gbase8s'
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
切换数据库到静态模式
当管理员在维护时，不希望有任何的SQL连接，对数据库进行操作，可以将数据库切换到静态模式。
语法
gadmin -s
gadmin -u
参数
s：优雅地切换到静态模式。当有用户连接到数据库时，会等用户断开连接后再进行模式切换。
u：立即切换到静态模式。当有用户连接到数据库时，会直接杀掉用户连接，并进行模式切换。
操作演示
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
On-Line -- Up 00:00:17 -- 333720 Kbytes
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -s
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
This will perform a GRACEFUL SHUTDOWN -
Do you wish to continue (y/n)? y
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
Quiescent -- Up 00:00:44 -- 333720 Kbytes
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
和
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
On-Line -- Up 00:01:25 -- 333720 Kbytes
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -u
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
This will perform an IMMEDIATE SHUTDOWN -
Do you wish to continue (y/n)? y
There are 0 user threads that will be killed.
Do you wish to continue (y/n)? y
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
Quiescent -- Up 00:01:48 -- 333720 Kbytes
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
切换数据库到单用户模式
切换到单用户模式，只允许管理员进行操作，不允许普通用户连接数据库。
语法
gadmin -j
操作演示
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
On-Line -- Up 00:03:50 -- 333720 Kbytes
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -j
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
This will change mode to single user. Only DBSA/gbasedbt can connect
in this mode.
Do you wish to continue (y/n)? y
All threads which are not owned by DBSA/gbasedbt will be killed.
Do you wish to continue (y/n)? y
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
Single-User -- Up 00:04:02 -- 333720 Kbytes
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
切换逻辑日志文件
强制数据库做一次逻辑日志切换。切换后，新的逻辑日志将写入到下一个逻辑日志文件中。
语法
gadmin -l
当前的逻辑日志被标记为C，将逻辑日志切换到下一个后，当前的逻辑日志（uniqid）由8变为9。
操作演示
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -l
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
Single-User -- Up 00:04:48 -- 333720 Kbytes
Physical Logging
Buffer bufused bufsize numpages numwrits pages/io
P-1 22 1024 16 1 16.00
phybegin physize phypos phyused %used
3:102400 102400 2103 22 0.02
Logical Logging
Buffer bufused bufsize numrecs numpages numwrits recs/pages pages/io
L-3 0 512 215 44 20 4.9 2.2
Subsystem numrecs Log Space used
OLDRSAM 214 62832
HA 1 44
address number flags uniqid begin size used %used
45793f88 4 U-B---- 7 2:53 25600 14 0.05
45572f30 5 U---C-L 8 2:25653 25600 18003 70.32
45572f98 6 A------ 0 2:51253 25600 0 0.00
45641f30 7 A------ 0 2:76853 25600 0 0.00
......
45778188 12 A------ 0 2:204853 25600 0 0.00
9 active, 9 total
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -l
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -l
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
Single-User -- Up 00:05:04 -- 333720 Kbytes
Physical Logging
Buffer bufused bufsize numpages numwrits pages/io
P-1 28 1024 16 1 16.00
phybegin physize phypos phyused %used
3:102400 102400 2103 28 0.03
Logical Logging
Buffer bufused bufsize numrecs numpages numwrits recs/pages pages/io
L-3 0 512 361 70 44 5.2 1.6
Subsystem numrecs Log Space used
OLDRSAM 360 82820
HA 1 44
address number flags uniqid begin size used %used
45793f88 4 U-B---- 7 2:53 25600 14 0.05
45572f30 5 U-----L 8 2:25653 25600 18004 70.33
45572f98 6 U---C-- 9 2:51253 25600 5 0.02
45641f30 7 A------ 0 2:76853 25600 0 0.00
......
45778188 12 A------ 0 2:204853 25600 0 0.00
9 active, 9 total
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
强制执行检查点
执行检查点，会将缓冲区中的“脏”块，写入数据文件。
语法
gadmin -c
gadmin -c unblock
gadmin -c block <seconds>
操作演示
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -c
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
强制执行检查点操作时，可以选择阻塞或不阻塞事务。
设置共享内存的常驻部分的强制驻留
开始共享内存的常驻部分的强制驻留
语法
gadmin -r
操作演示
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -r
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
This will set the shared memory buffer cache to RESIDENT -
Do you wish to continue (y/n)? y
Note that this command will be phased out in a future release. Please use
the OpenAdmin Tool (OAT) or onmode -w[mf] for dynamic configuration tuning.
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
取消共享内存的常驻部分的强制驻留
语法
gadmin -n
操作演示
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -n
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
This will set the shared memory buffer cache to NON-RESIDENT -
Do you wish to continue (y/n)? y
Note that this command will be phased out in a future release. Please use
the OpenAdmin Tool (OAT) or onmode -w[mf] for dynamic configuration tuning.
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
添加或删除虚拟管理器
GBase 8s可以根据业务运行情况，动态增加和减少虚拟处理器的数量，以适应业务变化，让数据库运行更高效。
语法
gadmin -p +num <vp_class>
gadmin -p -num <vp_class>
操作演示
查看当前的VP信息，当前的CPU VP共有1个。
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -g glo
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
On-Line -- Up 00:30:07 -- 333720 Kbytes
MT global info:
sessions threads vps lngspins time
0 42 22 1 1807
sched calls thread switches yield 0 yield n yield forever
total: 42792 31199 11950 25100 1921
per sec: 12 0 12 0 0
Virtual processor summary:
class vps usercpu syscpu total
cpu 1 0.71 0.34 1.05
aio 15 0.06 0.28 0.34
lio 1 0.00 0.04 0.04
pio 1 0.00 0.03 0.03
adm 1 0.00 0.14 0.14
soc 1 0.00 0.22 0.22
msc 1 0.00 0.00 0.00
fifo 1 0.01 0.01 0.02
total 22 0.78 1.06 1.84
Individual virtual processors:
vp pid class usercpu syscpu total Thread Eff
1 4251 cpu 0.71 0.34 1.05 2.64 39%
2 4252 adm 0.00 0.14 0.14 0.00 0%
3 4253 lio 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.04 100%
4 4254 pio 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 100%
5 4255 aio 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.10 62%
6 4256 msc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0%
7 4257 fifo 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
8 4258 soc 0.00 0.22 0.22 NA NA
9 4259 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
10 4260 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
11 4261 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 96%
12 4262 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
13 4263 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
14 4264 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
15 4265 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
16 4266 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
17 4267 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
18 4268 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
19 4269 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
20 4270 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
21 4271 aio 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.02 100%
22 4272 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
tot 0.78 1.06 1.84
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
动态增加5个CPU VP。
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -p +5 cpu
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
再次查看VP信息，当前的CPU VP有6个。
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -g glo
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
On-Line -- Up 00:31:51 -- 333720 Kbytes
MT global info:
sessions threads vps lngspins time
0 42 27 1 1911
sched calls thread switches yield 0 yield n yield forever
total: 44809 32805 12360 26558 1921
per sec: 0 0 0 0 0
Virtual processor summary:
class vps usercpu syscpu total
cpu 6 0.72 0.34 1.06
aio 15 0.08 0.28 0.36
lio 1 0.00 0.04 0.04
pio 1 0.00 0.03 0.03
adm 1 0.00 0.15 0.15
soc 1 0.00 0.23 0.23
msc 1 0.00 0.00 0.00
fifo 1 0.01 0.01 0.02
total 27 0.81 1.08 1.89
Individual virtual processors:
vp pid class usercpu syscpu total Thread Eff
1 4251 cpu 0.72 0.34 1.06 3.15 33%
2 4252 adm 0.00 0.15 0.15 0.00 0%
3 4253 lio 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.04 100%
4 4254 pio 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 100%
5 4255 aio 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.10 62%
6 4256 msc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0%
7 4257 fifo 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
8 4258 soc 0.00 0.23 0.23 NA NA
9 4259 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
10 4260 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
11 4261 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 96%
12 4262 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
13 4263 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
14 4264 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
15 4265 aio 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 100%
16 4266 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
17 4267 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
18 4268 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
19 4269 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
20 4270 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
21 4271 aio 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.02 100%
22 4272 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
23 4449 cpu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0%
24 4450 cpu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0%
25 4451 cpu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0%
26 4452 cpu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0%
27 4453 cpu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0%
tot 0.81 1.08 1.89
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
动态减少3个CPU VP。
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -p -3 cpu
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
查看VP信息。CPU VP变为3个。
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -g glo
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
On-Line -- Up 00:32:58 -- 333720 Kbytes
MT global info:
sessions threads vps lngspins time
0 42 24 1 1978
sched calls thread switches yield 0 yield n yield forever
total: 46219 33899 12676 27525 1921
per sec: 26 14 12 13 0
Virtual processor summary:
class vps usercpu syscpu total
cpu 3 0.73 0.34 1.07
aio 15 0.08 0.28 0.36
lio 1 0.00 0.04 0.04
pio 1 0.00 0.03 0.03
adm 1 0.00 0.15 0.15
soc 1 0.00 0.24 0.24
msc 1 0.00 0.00 0.00
fifo 1 0.02 0.01 0.03
total 24 0.83 1.09 1.92
Individual virtual processors:
vp pid class usercpu syscpu total Thread Eff
1 4251 cpu 0.72 0.34 1.06 3.17 33%
2 4252 adm 0.00 0.15 0.15 0.00 0%
3 4253 lio 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.04 100%
4 4254 pio 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 100%
5 4255 aio 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.10 62%
6 4256 msc 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0%
7 4257 fifo 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.03 100%
8 4258 soc 0.00 0.24 0.24 NA NA
9 4259 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
10 4260 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
11 4261 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 96%
12 4262 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
13 4263 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
14 4264 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
15 4265 aio 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 100%
16 4266 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
17 4267 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
18 4268 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
19 4269 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
20 4270 aio 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 100%
21 4271 aio 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.02 100%
22 4272 aio 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 100%
23 4449 cpu 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 71%
24 4450 cpu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0%
tot 0.83 1.09 1.92
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
动态地启动、停止或重启监听线程
语法
gadmin -P <start|stop|restart> <instance_name>
操作演示
停止服务监听。
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -P stop gbase8s
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
使用dbaccess连接数据库。由于监听已经停止，dbaccess会在选择数据库执行一段时间后报错。
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ dbaccess - -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
> database mydb;
908: Attempt to connect to database server (gbase8s) failed.
Error in line 1
Near character position 1
>
启动监听。再次使用dbaccess连接数据库会立即成功。
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -P start gbase8s
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ dbaccess - -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
> database mydb;
Database selected.
>
更新 onconfig 文件中指定配置参数的值
语法
gadmin -wm <key=value>
gadmin -wf <key=value>
说明：只有部分参数支持动态更改。
操作演示
只更新内存中的参数值，但不更新配置文件中的参数值。
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -c | grep LISTEN_TIMEOUT
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
# LISTEN_TIMEOUT - The number of seconds that GBase
LISTEN_TIMEOUT 60
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -g cfg | grep LISTEN_TIMEOUT
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
LISTEN_TIMEOUT 60
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -wm LISTEN_TIMEOUT=50
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
Value of LISTEN_TIMEOUT has been changed to 50 seconds.
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -c | grep LISTEN_TIMEOUT
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
# LISTEN_TIMEOUT - The number of seconds that GBase
LISTEN_TIMEOUT 60
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -g cfg | grep LISTEN_TIMEOUT
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
LISTEN_TIMEOUT 50
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
更新内存和配置文件中的参数值。
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -c | grep TAPEDEV
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
# TAPEDEV - The tape device path for backups. To use standard
TAPEDEV /dev/null
# LTAPEDEV - The tape device path for logical logs
LTAPEDEV /dev/null
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -g cfg | grep TAPEDEV
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
TAPEDEV /dev/null
LTAPEDEV /dev/null
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gadmin -wf TAPEDEV=/home/gbasedbt/backup
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
Value of TAPEDEV has been changed to /home/gbasedbt/backup.
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -c | grep TAPEDEV
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
# TAPEDEV - The tape device path for backups. To use standard
TAPEDEV /home/gbasedbt/backup
# LTAPEDEV - The tape device path for logical logs
LTAPEDEV /dev/null
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ gstat -g cfg | grep TAPEDEV
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
TAPEDEV /home/gbasedbt/backup
LTAPEDEV /dev/null
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$
终止数据库服务器会话
语法
gadmin -z <session_id>
操作演示
[gbasedbt@devsvr ~]$ dbaccess - -
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
> database mydb;
Database selected.
> !gstat -g ses
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
On-Line -- Up 00:00:58 -- 333720 Kbytes
session #RSAM total used dynamic
id user tty pid hostname threads memory memory explain
28 gbasedbt - 0 - 0 16384 13712 off
27 gbasedbt - 0 - 1 401408 373408 off
26 gbasedbt - 0 - 1 176128 162680 off
25 gbasedbt - 0 - 1 659456 481144 off
24 gbasedbt - 0 - 1 102400 85464 off
4 gbasedbt 7 4560 devsvr 1 106496 83592 off
3 gbasedbt - 0 - 0 20480 15328 off
2 gbasedbt - 0 - 0 16384 13712 off
> select * from t_dept;
f_deptid f_deptname
1 dept_1
2 dept_2
3 dept_3
3 row(s) retrieved.
> !gadmin -z 4
Your evaluation license will expire on 2022-10-14 00:00:00
> select * from t_dept;
25582: Network connection is broken.
Error in line 1
Near character position 1
>
在dbaccess中执行SQL时，由于Session被杀死，执行报错。
> info tables;
Table name
25582: Network connection is broken.
Error in line 1
Near character position 97
>
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