Spring Web Flow入门(带详细注释)
越季萌
1.构建webflow2.3.3环境（2.0以上应该都可以）
导入webflow的jar包+springmvc的一些必须包，目录结构如下
2.配置webflow(spring-wf.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:webflow="http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config
http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow-config/spring-webflow-config-2.0.xsd">
<!-- 流程注册器 隐含一句 flow-registry="flowRegistry"
默认表示引用bean id为 'flowRegistry'的流程注册表-->
<webflow:flow-executor id="flowExecutor" />
<!-- 流程注册表 -->
<webflow:flow-registry id="flowRegistry" flow-builder-services="flowBuilderServices">
<webflow:flow-location path="/WEB-INF/flows/hello.xml" id="hello" />
</webflow:flow-registry>
<!-- WebFlow 视图解析器 -->
<bean id="flowViewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView">
</property>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/flowView/">
</property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp">
</property>
</bean>
<!-- WebFlow 视图工厂构建服务 -->
<webflow:flow-builder-services id="flowBuilderServices" view-factory-creator="mvcViewFactoryCreator" />
<!-- WebFlow 视图工厂创建器，表示使用视图解析器将流程配置(xml)中的逻辑视图交给视图解析器解析 → jsp -->
<bean id="mvcViewFactoryCreator" class="org.springframework.webflow.mvc.builder.MvcViewFactoryCreator">
<property name="viewResolvers" ref="flowViewResolver" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置WebFlow 处理器映射器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
<property name="mappings">
<props>
<!-- 这个逻辑视图名的 前缀 必须与流程注册表中的
webflow:flow-location 的 id一致，
而 后缀 必须是当前DispatcherServlet匹配的地址,也就是
必须以.flow结束,否则不被前端控制器处理(视图名必须匹配*.flow)
-->
<!-- 这里代表将请求路径为hello.flow的url交给flowController处理 -->
<prop key="hello.flow">flowController</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--WebFlow 处理器，根据逻辑视图名到流程执行器中找到对应的注册表，进而找到流程配置文件，转到不同的物理视图-->
<!--主要工作就是负责将url转化成逻辑视图交给视图解析器解析 → jsp-->
<bean id="flowController" class="org.springframework.webflow.mvc.servlet.FlowController">
<property name="flowExecutor" ref="flowExecutor" />
</bean>
</beans>
3.配置WebFlow前端控制器(web.xml)
<servlet>
<servlet-name>FlowServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:spring-wf.xml
</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>FlowServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.flow</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
拦截所有.flow结尾的请求交给springmvc前端控制器处理
至此，webflow需要的所有组件都已经配置完成，现在还有2步，配置流程文件+跳转页面
4.流程配置文件(hello.xml[/WEB-INF/flow])
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <flow xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow http://www.springframework.org/schema/webflow/spring-webflow-2.0.xsd"> <view-state id="cart" view="cart"> <transition on="submit" to="order"> </transition> </view-state> <view-state id="order" view="order"> <transition on="confirm" to="finish"> </transition> </view-state> <view-state id="finish" view="finish"> <transition on="toindex" to="index"> </transition> </view-state> <end-state id="index" view="externalRedirect:index.jsp"> </end-state> </flow>
流程配置文件首先执行第一个状态标签。
5.跳转页面
index.jsp(根目录)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>index</title> </head> <body> <h2 align="center">Hello，WebFlow</h2> <br /> Item1:<a href="hello.flow">加入购物车</a><br /> Item2:<a href="hello.flow">加入购物车</a><br /> Item2:<a href="hello.flow">加入购物车</a> </body> </html>
cart.jsp(/WEB-INF/flowView/)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>购物车</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2 align="center">购物车</h2>
<br/>
衣服:<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=submit">买买买!!!</a>
<br/>
裤子:<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=submit">买买买!!!</a>
<br/>
鞋子:<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=submit">买买买!!!</a>
</body>
</html>
order.jsp(/WEB-INF/flowView/)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>订单</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2 align="center">订单</h2>
<br/>
<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=confirm">确认支付</a>
</body>
</html>
finish.jsp(/WEB-INF/flowView/)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>view order</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2 align="center">确认支付</h2>
<br/>
<a href="${flowExecutionUrl}&_eventId=toindex">恭喜你，支付成功..</a>
</body>
</html>
${flowExecutionUrl}由webflow框架赋值，其中包含了flow各个状态的值(动态生成，每个状态不一样),以及对应的model数据
_eventId的值与本状态transition标签的on属性值对应，通过这个值跳转到不同的状态或者视图，实现转移
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