linux_shell_命令行查单词/shell英文词典工具包(sdcv/dict/trans/wd)
单于智
shell_命令行查单词/shell英文词典工具包(dict/trans/wd)
由于平时阅读英文文献/文档的时候经常需要查词
而自己的工作环境又恰好是命令行,因此希望能够有一种命令行词典共学习使用
references
- software recommendation - Is there an offline command-line dictionary? - Ask Ubuntu
- command line - Is it possible to translate words via terminal? - Ask Ubuntu
- Shell/Terminal: 命令行词典, 命令行字典, 命令行英汉字典, translate shell, 命令行查词工具, 终端字典 (ikeepstudying.com)
- Linux终端下查单词(极简)
离线方案:
sdcv
- 性能好,支持牛津/朗文等词典
- 国内可能下载不下来词典
# cxxu @ CxxuWin11 in /usr/share/stardict/dic [16:42:51]
譬如搜索单词"contribute"
$ sdcv contribute
Found 2 items, similar to contribute.
###朗文结果
-->Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
-->contribute
v [Date: 1500-1600; Language: Latin; Origin: , past participle of contribuere, from com- ( COM-) + tribuere ( TRIBUTE)]//
1 [I and T] to give money, help, ideas etc to something that a lot of other people are also involved in: contribute to/towards// --City employees cannot contribute to political campaigns.// contribute sth to/towards sth// --The volunteers contribute their own time to the project.//
2 [I] to help to make something happen: --Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses.// contribute to// --Alcohol contributes to 100,000 deaths a year in the US.// contribute substantially/significantly/greatly etc to sth // --Enya's success has contributed substantially to the current interest in Celtic music.//
3 [I and T] to write articles, stories, poems etc for a newspaper or magazine: contributor// contribute to// --one of several authors contributing to the book//
###牛津结果
-->Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary
-->contribute
verb
1 ~ (sth) (to / towards sth) to give sth, especially money or goods, to help sb/sth:
[VN] The writer personally contributed ｣5 000 to the earthquake fund. * [V] Would you like to contribute to our collection? * Do you wish to contribute?
2 [V] ~ (to sth) to be one of the causes of sth:
Medical negligence was said to have contributed to her death. * Human error may have been a contributing factor.
3 ~ (sth) to sth to increase, improve or add to sth:
[V] Immigrants have contributed to British culture in many ways. * [VN] This book contributes little to our understanding of the subject.
4 ~ (sth) (to sth) to write things for a newspaper, magazine, or a radio or television programme; to speak during a meeting or conversation, especially to give your opinion:
[VN] She contributed a number of articles to the magazine. * [V] He contributes regularly to the magazine 'New Scientist'. * We hope everyone will contribute to the discussion.
dict
官方网站
- dict.org官方网站,在线版本
词典数据来源
支持多语言,但是不支持中文
- 默认英英词典
-
How to look up dictionary via command line on Linux - Xmodulo (archive.org)
-
sudo apt install dict dictd dict-gcide-
较新版本中,仅安装
dict似乎也可以用(但是内置词典较多,性能不佳) -
┌─[cxxu@CxxuWin11] - [/mnt/c/Users/cxxu] - [2022-04-13 03:54:35] └─[0] <> dpkg -l dict*|grep ii ii dict 1.13.0+dfsg-1 amd64 dictionary client ii dict-devil 1.0-13.1 all "The Devil's Dictionary" by Ambrose Bierce ii dict-gcide 0.48.5+nmu2 all Comprehensive English Dictionary ii dict-wn 1:3.0-37 all electronic lexical database of English language for dict ii dictd 1.13.0+dfsg-1 amd64 dictionary server ii dictzip 1.13.0+dfsg-1 amd64 compression utility for dictionary databases -
可见上述安装将安装词典客户端
dict词典服务dictd(daemon) -
词典数据库
dict-gcide-
不同数据库可以对应有不同的语言(英->法)
-
有些词典可能默认安装
dict-wn(wordNet) -
查看可安装的词典(数据库)
apt-cache policy dict*|less
-
-
查看已安装的可用数据库
如果dictd服务没有启动,且尚未显示安装某个词典,那么会列出所有词典名称(联网查询)
-
dict -D|less -
┌─[cxxu@CxxuWin11] - [/mnt/c/Users/cxxu] - [2022-04-13 03:58:51] └─[130] <> dict -D|less Databases available: gcide The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 wn WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) moby-thesaurus Moby Thesaurus II by Grady Ward, 1.0 elements The Elements (07Nov00) vera V.E.R.A. -- Virtual Entity of Relevant Acronyms (February 2016) jargon The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) foldoc The Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (30 December 2018) easton Easton's 1897 Bible Dictionary hitchcock Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary (late 1800's) bouvier Bouvier's Law Dictionary, Revised 6th Ed (1856) devil The Devil's Dictionary (1881-1906) world02 CIA World Factbook 2002 gaz2k-counties U.S. Gazetteer Counties (2000) gaz2k-places U.S. Gazetteer Places (2000) gaz2k-zips U.S. Gazetteer Zip Code Tabulation Areas (2000) fd-hrv-eng Croatian-English FreeDict Dictionary ver. 0.1.2 fd-fin-por suomi-português FreeDict+WikDict dictionary ver. 2018.09.13 fd-fin-bul suomi-български език FreeDict+WikDict dictionary ver. 2018.09.13 fd-fra-bul français-български език FreeDict+WikDict dictionary ver. 2018.09.13 fd-deu-swe Deutsch-Svenska FreeDict+WikDict dictionary ver. 2018.09.13 fd-fin-swe suomi-Svenska FreeDict+WikDict dictionary ver. 2018.09.13 ..... -
或者
-
dict -I|less -
┌─[cxxu@cxxuAli] - [~] - [2022-04-13 04:06:07] └─[0] <> dict -I dictd 1.12.1/rf on Linux 4.15.0-175-generic On cxxuAli: up 133.000, 3 forks (81.2/hour) Database Headwords Index Data Uncompressed gcide 203645 3859 kB 12 MB 38 MB moby-thesaurus 30263 528 kB 10 MB 28 MB #另一台主机 ┌─[cxxu@CxxuWin11] - [/mnt/c/Users/cxxu] - [2022-04-13 04:02:07] └─[20] <> dict -I dictd 1.12.1/rf on Linux 4.19.0-10-amd64 On dict.dict.org: up 485+15:43:20, 109918515 forks (9430.4/hour) Database Headwords Index Data Uncompressed gcide 203645 3859 kB 12 MB 38 MB wn 147311 3002 kB 9247 kB 29 MB moby-thesaurus 30263 528 kB 10 MB 28 MB elements 142 2 kB 17 kB 53 kB vera 12016 136 kB 213 kB 709 kB jargon 2314 40 kB 565 kB 1346 kB foldoc 15170 301 kB 2215 kB 5423 kB easton 3968 64 kB 1077 kB 2648 kB hitchcock 2619 34 kB 33 kB 85 kB bouvier 6797 128 kB 2338 kB 6185 kB devil 1008 15 kB 161 kB 374 kB world02 280 5 kB 1543 kB 7172 kB gaz2k-counties 12875 269 kB 280 kB 1502 kB gaz2k-places 51361 1006 kB 1711 kB 13 MB gaz2k-zips 33249 454 kB 2123 kB 15 MB --exit-- 0 0 kB 0 kB 0 kB fd-hrv-eng 79814 1816 kB 1633 kB 4819 kB fd-fin-por 10755 190 kB 512 kB 1306 kB fd-fin-bul 10789 185 kB 525 kB 1348 kB fd-fra-bul 11009 182 kB 290 kB 793 kB fd-deu-swe 38957 730 kB 2348 kB 6102 kB fd-fin-swe 12309 221 kB 599 kB 1525 kB
-
短语匹配
tab 补全单词
┌─[cxxu@ubuntu] - [~] - [2022-04-13 03:44:53]
└─[0] <> dict make
make make-believe Make-peace make-up
Make Make-believe Maker makeup
Make\ and\ break Maked makeready make\ water
Makebate Make-game make\ reparation Makeweight
make-belief make\ known make\ reparations make-work
make\ believe Makeless makeshift
词典性能
┌─[cxxu@cxxuAli] - [~] - [2022-04-13 04:00:00]
└─[0] <> dict -D
Databases available:
gcide The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
- 如果安装的词典很多,那么性能肯定是下降的
- 建议仅安装需要的
自动化服务检查脚本+阅读器
- 使用下方的bash 函数
dl可以检查服务是否运行,如果没有运行,将尝试启动dictd服务
dl(){
# 启动dictd服务来提供离线词典
# sudo dictd
pattern="dictd"
if pgrep -x $pattern > /dev/null
then
echo "$pattern is Running"
else
echo "$pattern Stopped,try to start $pattern"
sudo dictd
sleep 1
ps u -C "dictd"
fi
# 使用less来阅读,避免一下子输出过多内容
dict $1|less
}
┌─[cxxu@CxxuWin11] - [/mnt/d/repos/blogs] - [2022-04-18 01:22:27]
└─[0] <git:(main 7b33a7b✗✱✈) > dl contribute
dictd is Running
搜索可用词典
sudo apt-cache search "dict-"|grep ^dict-|less- 空格翻页
安装某个词典
- 譬如,安装WordNet(包名:
dict-*,对应wn则为dict-wn) sudo apt install dict-wn
dictd服务启动
-
确保dictd服务启动着,否则dict性能低下(貌似会联网请求)
-
┌─[cxxu@ubuntu] - [~] - [2022-04-13 03:36:41] └─[0] <> ps aux|grep dictd dictd 12565 0.0 0.3 20604 6376 ? Ss 03:34 0:00 dictd 1.12.1: 1/1 cxxu 12596 0.0 0.0 17768 844 pts/0 S+ 03:36 0:00 grep --color=auto --exclude-dir=.bzr --exclude-dir=CVS --exclude-dir=.git --exclude-dir=.hg --exclude-dir=.svn --exclude-dir=.idea --exclude-dir=.tox dictd手动启动:
sudo dictd
-
-
如果使用dictd提供服务,那么,仅显式安装的词典数据库会被本地的快速检索
dictd 获取帮助
man dictd
dictd 配置文件
┌─[cxxu@ubuntu] - [~] - [2022-04-13 03:40:57]
└─[0] <> sudo vim /etc/dictd/
colorit.conf dictd.conf dictd.order
dict.conf dictdconfig.alias*
检查本地安装的词库
-
dict -I dict -D -
┌─[cxxu@ubuntu] - [~] - [2022-04-13 03:36:48] └─[0] <> dict -I dictd 1.12.1/rf on Linux 5.11.0-27-generic On ubuntu: up 193.000, 2 forks (37.3/hour) Database Headwords Index Data Uncompressed gcide 203645 3859 kB 12 MB 38 MB ┌─[cxxu@ubuntu] - [~] - [2022-04-13 03:37:42] └─[0] <> dict -D Databases available: gcide The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48
translate-shell(在线翻译)
-
-
由于是在线的,在支持的内容较为完善:
-
可定制性强,支持各种模式
-
基本特性
-
语种
-
汉语拼音
-
英文音标
-
词性
-
不加目标语言,则默认是英英词典
国内gitee 源优化安装
-
git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/Translate-Shell.git cd Translate-Shell sudo apt install gawk make sudo make install
使用示例
翻译单词
trans :<target language code> <source:word to be translate>
# cxxu_kali @ CxxuWin11 in ~/Translate-Shell on git:develop o [16:14:31]
$ trans :zh apple
apple
/ˈapəl/
苹果
(Píngguǒ)
Definitions of apple
[ English -> 简体中文 ]
noun
苹果
apple
苹
apple
apple
苹果, Apple
翻译句子
# cxxu_kali @ CxxuWin11 in ~/Translate-Shell on git:develop o [16:16:08]
$ trans :zh "I want to test the tool"
I want to test the tool
我想测试这个工具
(Wǒ xiǎng cèshì zhège gōngjù)
Translations of I want to test the tool
[ English -> 简体中文 ]
I want to test the tool
我想测试这个工具, 我想测试该工具
文档提纲
- Getting Started by Examples
- Translate a Word
- From any language to your language
- From any language to one or more specific languages
- From a specific language
- Translate Multiple Words or a Phrase
- Translate a Sentence
- Brief Mode
- Dictionary Mode
- Language Identification
- Text-to-Speech
- Terminal Paging
- Right-to-Left (RTL) Languages
- Pipeline, Input and Output
- Translate a File
- Translate a Web Page
- Language Details
- Interactive Translate Shell (REPL)
- Translate a Word
- Usage
- Code List
排版优化版本(在线翻译/双语例句)
- 项目连接(gitee 加速)https://gitee.com/mirrors/wudao-dict.git
安装使用(python3 based)
-
-
分为两步
-
python依赖安装
-
例如,对ubuntu
-
sudo apt-get install python3 sudo apt-get install python3-pip sudo pip3 install bs4 sudo pip3 install lxml
-
-
项目clone
-
git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/wudao-dict.git cd ./wudao-dict/wudao-dict sudo bash setup.sh #或者sudo ./setup.sh
-
-
-
- 重新连接shell 以生效(zsh也生效)
- 命令关键字/用法:
wd <word to be translate>
类似资料：