基于XSocket框架的socket编程技巧(同步通信)
最近在做socket通信编程,现总结如下,关于XSocket的大话就不再多说了,google一下一大片。
一、 Server端
Socket监听如下:
ServerHandler handler = new ServerHandler(); //创建一个服务端的对象 IServer srv = new Server(address, port, handler); //设置当前的采用的异步模式 srv.setFlushmode(FlushMode.ASYNC); //设置连接的超时时间和最大空闲时间 srv.setConnectionTimeoutMillis(5000); srv.setIdleTimeoutMillis(10000); //启动监听 srv.start(); |
其中如下两个方法的设置与ServerHandler的实现有关系,
srv.setConnectionTimeoutMillis(5000);
srv.setIdleTimeoutMillis(10000);
下面再看ServerHandler吧
public class ServerHandler implements IDataHandler, IConnectHandler,
IIdleTimeoutHandler, IConnectionTimeoutHandler, IDisconnectHandler
{
public boolean onConnect(INonBlockingConnection nbc) throws IOException,
BufferUnderflowException, MaxReadSizeExceededException
{
return true;
}
public boolean onDisconnect(INonBlockingConnection nbc) throws IOException
{
return true;
}
public boolean onData(INonBlockingConnection nbc) throws IOException,
BufferUnderflowException, ClosedChannelException,
MaxReadSizeExceededException
{
return true;
}
public boolean onIdleTimeout(INonBlockingConnection connection)
throws IOException
{
System.out.println("onIdleTimeout");
return false;
}
public boolean onConnectionTimeout(INonBlockingConnection connection)
throws IOException
{
System.out.println("onConnectionTimeout");
return true;
}
ServerHandler分别实现了以下接口
IDataHandler, IConnectHandler,IIdleTimeoutHandler, IConnectionTimeoutHandler, IDisconnectHandler
其中主要说一下IDataHandler、IIdleTimeoutHandler、IConnectionTimeoutHandler吧。
首先说明一下,socket连接的生命周期与server端的connectionTimeout和idleTimeout及client端有关系。
A、 IDataHandler中的事件onData事件就是处理业务逻辑的,当客户端发送一个业务请求时,会触发此事件。
B、 IIdleTimeoutHandler中的onIdleTimeout事件是在socket连接空闲超时被触发,这个超时时间就是刚刚srv.setIdleTimeoutMillis(10000)设置的值“10000”,单位毫秒。此事件返回一个bool状态,
(1) 如果返回true,xsocket则认为这事件已经关闭了此连接,那么我们在此事件中是否去关闭连接了呢?前面说了这个连接的生命周期和与server端的connectionTimeout和idleTimeout及client端有关,如下解释,
1)、如果close();,那么就不多说了;
2)、如果没有close();,此时又和IConnectionTimeoutHandler的事件onConnectionTimeout和client有关。如果onConnectionTimeout返回false,则此事件被触发并在事件结束后,则xsocket关闭连接;如果onConnectionTimeout返回true,则此连接由client负责关闭。
(2) 如果返回false,相当于onIdleTimeout没有做任何处理,则此时又和IConnectionTimeoutHandler的事件onConnectionTimeout有关。如果onConnectionTimeout事件返回true,则onIdleTimeout事件被触发并在事件结束后由xsocket关闭连接;如果onConnectionTimeout事件返回false,则onConnectionTimeout与onIdleTimeout任何一个事件被触发后就会由xsocket关闭连接。
C、 IConnectionTimeoutHandler中的onConnectionTimeout事件是在socket建立连接后,经过srv.setConnectionTimeoutMillis(5000)这个方法中的值时间后触发此事件,强调是指建立连接时,不是指上一次通信时间。此事件返回一个bool状态:
(1) 如果返回true,如下解释,
与IIdleTimeoutHandler的事件onIdleTimeout和client有关。如果onIdleTimeout返回false,则在onIdleTimeout事件被触发并在事件结束后,则xsocket关闭连接;如果onIdleTimeout返回true,则此连接由client负责关闭。
(2) 如果返回false,解释如下:
与IIdleTimeoutHandler的事件onIdleTimeout有关。如果onIdleTimeout事件返回true,则onConnectionTimeout事件被触发并在事件结束后由xsocket关闭连接;如果onIdleTimeout事件返回false,则onConnectionTimeout与onIdleTimeout任何一个事件被触发后就会由xsocket关闭连接。
终上,关于在服务器端socket连接的生命周期如下表(以下事件中都没有通过编程主动关闭连接):
onIdleTimeout 返回值 | onConnectionTimeout 返回值 | 何时关闭 |
true | true | 由client端负责 |
false | true | idleTimeout到时 |
true | false | connectionTimeout到时 |
false | false | idleTimeout与connectionTimeout的最小值到达时 |
说明一下connectionTimeout和idleTimeout从何时开始计时:
connectionTimeout是从建立连接开始计时;
idleTimeout是从建立连接或最后一次触发onData事件时开始计时;
二、 Client端
1、如何创建一个同步socket连接?
A、 可以通过直接new 一个BlockingConnection(String hostname, int port);
B、 也可通过异步连接构建,如new BlockingConnection(INonBlockingConnection delegate)
2、当然XSocket也提供了连接池,同样包括同步连接池和异步连接池。
BlockingConnectionPool pool = new BlockingConnectionPool();这样就创建了一个同步连接池,既然是池,肯定会有池的大小了,pool.setMaxActivePerServer(poolSize);这是为池设置每个server池的大小,也可以设置池的总大小,如果不设置,默认为值为Integer.MAX_VALUE。
如何从池中获取一个连接呢,如IBlockingConnection bc = pool.getBlockingConnection(host,port);有很多重载方法了。
当获取这个连接之后,我们可以通过设置如下参数进行调整优化:
设置连接超时时间
bc.setConnectionTimeoutMillis(connectTimeoutMillis);
设置连接最大空闲时间
bc.setIdleTimeoutMillis(this.idleTimeoutMillis);
是否自动刷新缓存
bc.setAutoflush(false);
这项时设置在真正要关闭连接时,client端是否要立即释放随机分配的端口,默认不会立即释放端口,需要等待1~4分钟,连接一直处于TIME_WAIT状态,如果这样设置,当关闭连接时,就会立即释放端口。
bc.setOption(IBlockingConnection.SO_LINGER, "0");
当然当连接使用完以后,需要调用bc.close();放回连接池中,如果close失败,那就要调用pool.destroy(bc)真正的关闭连接了。
仍需要解释下这里的connectTimeoutMillis与idleTimeoutMillis了,
connectTimeoutMillis是池中获取连接开始算起的;
idleTimeoutMillis是在调用close方法后开始算起的;
在client端连接的生命周期为connectTimeoutMillis和idleTimeoutMillis的最小值。
代码如下:
package com.tmp.xSocket;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.xsocket.connection.BlockingConnectionPool;
import org.xsocket.connection.IBlockingConnection;
import org.xsocket.connection.MaxConnectionsExceededException;
import com.zhangqing.util.DocbookXSDCheck;
public class ConnectionPool {
protected static Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ConnectionPool.class);
private static int MAXCON = 10000;
private final static BlockingConnectionPool pool = new BlockingConnectionPool();
static {
pool.setMaxActive(MAXCON);
pool.setMaxIdle(MAXCON/2);
}
private static void sendMessage(String host, int port, String msg) {
IBlockingConnection bc = null;
try {
// retrieve a connection (if no connection is in pool, a new one will be created)
bc = pool.getBlockingConnection(host, port);
logger.info("bc.getId(): " + bc.getId());
bc.write(msg); //发送信息
//接收
ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
int length = bc.read(byteBuffer);
logger.info("length: " + length);
byteBuffer.flip();
byte[] content = new byte[byteBuffer.limit()];
byteBuffer.get(content); // 从ByteBuffer中读取数据到byte数组中
logger.info(new String(content));
byteBuffer.clear();
bc.flush();
// always close the connection! (the connection will be returned into the connection pool)
bc.close();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
logger.info(ioe.toString());
if (bc != null) {
try {
// if the connection is invalid -> destroy it , it will not return to the pool)
pool.destroy(bc);
} catch (Exception ignore) {
}
}
}
}
private static void displayPoolInfo(){
logger.info("--------------------");
logger.info("getMaxActive:" + pool.getMaxActive());
logger.info("getMaxActivePerServer:" + pool.getMaxActivePerServer());
logger.info("getMaxIdle:" + pool.getMaxIdle());
logger.info("getNumIdle:" + pool.getNumIdle());
logger.info("getNumActive:" + pool.getNumActive());
logger.info("getNumCreated:" + pool.getNumCreated());
logger.info("getNumDestroyed:" + pool.getNumDestroyed());
logger.info("getNumPendingGet:" + pool.getNumPendingGet());
logger.info("getNumTimeoutPooledMaxIdleTime:" + pool.getNumTimeoutPooledMaxIdleTime());
logger.info("getNumTimeoutPooledMaxLifeTime:" + pool.getNumTimeoutPooledMaxLifeTime());
logger.info("getPooledMaxIdleTimeMillis:" + pool.getPooledMaxIdleTimeMillis());
logger.info("getPooledMaxLifeTimeMillis:" + pool.getPooledMaxLifeTimeMillis());
logger.info("isOpen:" + pool.isOpen());
for (String str: pool.getActiveConnectionInfos()){
logger.info(str);
}
logger.info("--------------------");
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){
sendMessage("127.0.0.1",8889,"Send messsage to server.");
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
displayPoolInfo();
}
}
And the log is :
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:35) - bc.getId(): 74396444134120d6da52bb96e33C1I0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:44) - server received data from client sucessful
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:35) - bc.getId(): 74396444134120d6da52bb96e33C2I0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:44) - server received data from client sucessful
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:35) - bc.getId(): 74396444134120d6da52bb96e33C3I0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:44) - server received data from client sucessful
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:35) - bc.getId(): 74396444134120d6da52bb96e33C4I0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:44) - server received data from client sucessful
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:35) - bc.getId(): 74396444134120d6da52bb96e33C5I0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:44) - server received data from client sucessful
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:63) - --------------------
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:64) - getMaxActive:10000
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:65) - getMaxActivePerServer:2147483647
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:66) - getMaxIdle:5000
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:67) - getNumIdle:0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:68) - getNumActive:5
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:69) - getNumCreated:5
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:70) - getNumDestroyed:0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:71) - getNumPendingGet:0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:72) - getNumTimeoutPooledMaxIdleTime:0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:73) - getNumTimeoutPooledMaxLifeTime:0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:74) - getPooledMaxIdleTimeMillis:2147483647
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:75) - getPooledMaxLifeTimeMillis:2147483647
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:76) - isOpen:true
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:78) - /127.0.0.1:3608 -> /127.0.0.1:8889 [74396444134120d6da52bb96e33C1] creationTime=2011.12.06 14:26:37, ageMillis=5141, elapsedLastUsageMillis=5031, countUsage=1, isReusable=true
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:78) - /127.0.0.1:3613 -> /127.0.0.1:8889 [74396444134120d6da52bb96e33C2] creationTime=2011.12.06 14:26:38, ageMillis=4031, elapsedLastUsageMillis=4031, countUsage=1, isReusable=true
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:78) - /127.0.0.1:3614 -> /127.0.0.1:8889 [74396444134120d6da52bb96e33C3] creationTime=2011.12.06 14:26:39, ageMillis=3031, elapsedLastUsageMillis=3031, countUsage=1, isReusable=true
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:78) - /127.0.0.1:3615 -> /127.0.0.1:8889 [74396444134120d6da52bb96e33C4] creationTime=2011.12.06 14:26:40, ageMillis=2031, elapsedLastUsageMillis=2031, countUsage=1, isReusable=true
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:78) - /127.0.0.1:3616 -> /127.0.0.1:8889 [74396444134120d6da52bb96e33C5] creationTime=2011.12.06 14:26:41, ageMillis=1031, elapsedLastUsageMillis=1031, countUsage=1, isReusable=true
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:81) - --------------------
Why 5 connections has been created? In my opinion, only one connection should be created, because :
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){
sendMessage("127.0.0.1",8889,"Send messsage to server.");
Thread.sleep(1000);
}
同样的address and port, and "bc = pool.getBlockingConnection(host, port);" means "getting a pool connection for the given address. If no free connection is in the pool, a new one will be created. "
但是从第二次循环开始,该地址和端口已经有一个连接了,就不应该建立连接了.
2 楼 tony_zq 2011-12-08
还有一个问题,就是如果设置:
bc.setIdleTimeoutMillis(1000); //sets the idle timeout in millis,在调用close方法后开始算起的
那么1秒后,连接不是idle,而是Destroyed
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:67) - getNumIdle:0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:68) - getNumActive:0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:69) - getNumCreated:5
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:70) - getNumDestroyed:5
bc.close(); 的意思是// always close the connection! (the connection will be returned into the connection pool),同时设置了bc.setIdleTimeoutMillis(1000);按理结果应该是:
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:67) - getNumIdle:5
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:68) - getNumActive:0
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:69) - getNumCreated:5
INFO (ConnectionPool.java:70) - getNumDestroyed:0
问题出在哪里??????