Linux-----＞软件安装

Linux----->软件安装

二进制安装
案例：二进制安装JDK
JDK下载
http://www.oracle.com/

步骤1）上传jdk的二进制安装包 jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz，比如上传到/root/下

步骤2）解压jdk安装包

[root@hadoop01 ~]# tar -zxvf ./jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

步骤3）切换到/usr/local下并更名

[root@hadoop01 ~]# cd /usr/local
[root@hadoop01 local]# mv jdk1.8.0_221/  jdk

步骤4）配置环境变量

[root@hadoop01 ~]#vim /etc/profile
........省略...................
# JDK environment
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH

步骤5）让环境变量生效(刷新环境变量)

[root@hadoopg01 ~]# source /etc/profile

步骤6）验证是否生效

[root@hadoop01 ~]# java -version
[root@hadoop01 ~]# javac

rpm机制安装
案例:rpm安装mysql
MySQL下载
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
步骤1）上传mysql相关的软件包，比如上传到/root下

mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

步骤2）拆包

[root@hadoop01 ~]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@hadoop01 ~]# ll

mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

找到mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

步骤3）安装mysql

1. 先检查是否安装了mariadb, 如果已经安装，就卸载掉

[root@hadoop01 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.64-1.el7.x86_64
[root@qianfeng01 ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-5.5.64-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

2. 安装mysql-common

[root@hadoop01 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

3. 安装mysql-lib

[root@hadoop01 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

4. 安装mysql-client

[root@hadoop01 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

5. 安装mysql-server

[root@hadoop01 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm安装完毕

mysql在linux中的服务项叫mysqld

6. 启动mysql的服务项mysqld

[root@hadoop01 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@hadoop01 ~]# systemctl status mysqld   并查看

7. 查看mysql提供的默认密码，并复制， 注意，如果服务项启动失败，则不会产生mysqld.log文件

[root@hadoop01 ~]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password

8. 登录mysql，并修改密码

[root@hadoop01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'9Pe%mQVcs-#<'    回车即可

… 进入后，修改密码

mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by '@Mmforu45';

9. 如果想要远程连接该机器上的mysql server, 那么mysql server需要进行远程授权

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by '@MeiGT8848';

然后可以在windows启动navicat 远程连接linux上的mysql了。

yum在线安装

语法：yum [install | update| reinstall | remove ] [软件名称]

yum install appname         	安装
yum reinstall appname        	重新安装
yum update  appname         	升级
yum remove appname              卸装