Android - Unable to add window android.view.ViewRootImpl$W@6518342 -- permission denied for window t...

因为跟博主碰到了一样的问题，所以记录一下分析原理

原文链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/b0364074288a

首先，先介绍下背景环境，第一，是Android7.0，其次，要屏蔽home键，先上下出问题的代码

private void testWindow() { AlertDialog d = new AlertDialog.Builder(this) .setPositiveButton("ok", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) { } }) .setTitle("i am a test").create(); d.getWindow().setType(WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG); d.setOnKeyListener(new DialogInterface.OnKeyListener() { @Override public boolean onKey(DialogInterface dialog, int keyCode, KeyEvent event) { if (keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_HOME) { Log.i(TAG, "onKey: key home press"); return true; } return false; } }); d.show(); } 

代码很简单，出问题的罪魁祸首就是这货了

d.getWindow().setType(WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG); 

设置这货就是为了能够捕获到home键，当然，调用这句话前提是申请了权限。

@Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) { if (Settings.canDrawOverlays(this)) { testWindow(); } else { Uri uri = Uri.parse("package:" + MainActivity.this.getPackageName()); Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_OVERLAY_PERMISSION, uri); startActivityForResult(intent, 100); } } } 

在onActivityResult处理

@Override
    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); if (requestCode == 100) { if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23 && Settings.canDrawOverlays(this)) { testWindow(); } else { ToastUtil.showToast("permission denied."); } } } 

当然，AndroidManifest里添加权限（没添加权限，在前面申请出来的框框中，就不能授权了）

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW"/>

网上查了好久，明明已经授权了啊，为毛还抛出这个错误，今天就根据代码来排查下。
先根据异常定位下代码。(后面的就不大需要了，这些就够了）

Caused by: android.view.WindowManager$BadTokenException: Unable to add window android.view.ViewRootImpl$W@6518342 -- permission denied for window type 2009
                      at android.view.ViewRootImpl.setView(ViewRootImpl.java:702)
                      at android.view.WindowManagerGlobal.addView(WindowManagerGlobal.java:342)
                      at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:93)
                      at android.app.Dialog.show(Dialog.java:316)
                      at com.felix.windowndemo.MainActivity.testWindow(MainActivity.java:96)

首先是因为调用了show而引起的，show中会添加view到Windows，报错的底层定位到ViewRootImpl，直接点开查看相关代码

public void setView(View view, WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, View panelParentView) { //some other code try{ res = mWindowSession.addToDisplay(mWindow, mSeq, mWindowAttributes, getHostVisibility(), mDisplay.getDisplayId(), mAttachInfo.mContentInsets, mAttachInfo.mStableInsets, mAttachInfo.mOutsets, mInputChannel); } catch (RemoteException e) { mAdded = false; mView = null; mAttachInfo.mRootView = null; mInputChannel = null; mFallbackEventHandler.setView(null); unscheduleTraversals(); setAccessibilityFocus(null, null); throw new RuntimeException("Adding window failed", e); } finally { if (restore) { attrs.restore(); } } if (res < WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_OKAY) { mAttachInfo.mRootView = null; mAdded = false; mFallbackEventHandler.setView(null); unscheduleTraversals(); setAccessibilityFocus(null, null); switch (res) { case WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_BAD_APP_TOKEN: case WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_BAD_SUBWINDOW_TOKEN: throw new WindowManager.BadTokenException( "Unable to add window -- token " + attrs.token + " is not valid; is your activity running?"); case WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_NOT_APP_TOKEN: throw new WindowManager.BadTokenException( "Unable to add window -- token " + attrs.token + " is not for an application"); case WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_APP_EXITING: throw new WindowManager.BadTokenException( "Unable to add window -- app for token " + attrs.token + " is exiting"); case WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_DUPLICATE_ADD: throw new WindowManager.BadTokenException( "Unable to add window -- window " + mWindow + " has already been added"); case WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_STARTING_NOT_NEEDED: // Silently ignore -- we would have just removed it // right away, anyway. return; case WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_MULTIPLE_SINGLETON: throw new WindowManager.BadTokenException("Unable to add window " + mWindow + " -- another window of type " + mWindowAttributes.type + " already exists"); case WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_PERMISSION_DENIED: throw new WindowManager.BadTokenException("Unable to add window " + mWindow + " -- permission denied for window type " + mWindowAttributes.type); case WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_INVALID_DISPLAY: throw new WindowManager.InvalidDisplayException("Unable to add window " + mWindow + " -- the specified display can not be found"); case WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_INVALID_TYPE: throw new WindowManager.InvalidDisplayException("Unable to add window " + mWindow + " -- the specified window type " + mWindowAttributes.type + " is not valid"); } throw new RuntimeException( "Unable to add window -- unknown error code " + res); } //other code } 

当res==WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_PERMISSION_DENIED
的时候，抛出如图异常，那就继续看res如何获取的

res = mWindowSession.addToDisplay(mWindow, mSeq, mWindowAttributes,
                            getHostVisibility(), mDisplay.getDisplayId(),
                            mAttachInfo.mContentInsets, mAttachInfo.mStableInsets,
                            mAttachInfo.mOutsets, mInputChannel);

mWindowSession的定义在构造函数中

public ViewRootImpl(Context context, Display display) { mContext = context; mWindowSession = WindowManagerGlobal.getWindowSession(); //other code } 

继续看

public static IWindowSession getWindowSession() { synchronized (WindowManagerGlobal.class) { if (sWindowSession == null) { try { InputMethodManager imm = InputMethodManager.getInstance(); IWindowManager windowManager = getWindowManagerService(); sWindowSession = windowManager.openSession( new IWindowSessionCallback.Stub() { @Override public void onAnimatorScaleChanged(float scale) { ValueAnimator.setDurationScale(scale); } }, imm.getClient(), imm.getInputContext()); } catch (RemoteException e) { throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer(); } } return sWindowSession; } } 

在WindowManagerService.openSession得来的，直接查找WindowManagerService代码（这里就不用纠结为毛是WindowManagerService了，看下名字就行，其他的不在本文研究范围内）

@Override
public IWindowSession openSession(IWindowSessionCallback callback, IInputMethodClient client, IInputContext inputContext) { if (client == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("null client"); if (inputContext == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("null inputContext"); Session session = new Session(this, callback, client, inputContext); return session; } 

直接是new出来的，刚才是addToDisplay这个函数，直接进去查看

public int addToDisplay(IWindow window, int seq, WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, int viewVisibility, int displayId, Rect outContentInsets, Rect outStableInsets, Rect outOutsets, InputChannel outInputChannel) { return mService.addWindow(this, window, seq, attrs, viewVisibility, displayId, outContentInsets, outStableInsets, outOutsets, outInputChannel); } 

调用mService.addWindow，这里的mService定义是

final WindowManagerService mService;

继续看WindowManagerService.addWindow

public int addWindow(Session session, IWindow client, int seq, WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, int viewVisibility, int displayId, Rect outContentInsets, Rect outStableInsets, Rect outOutsets, InputChannel outInputChannel) { int[] appOp = new int[1]; int res = mPolicy.checkAddPermission(attrs, appOp); if (res != WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_OKAY) { return res; } //other code } 

在这里，因为知道返回的是ADD_PERMISSION_DENIED，不是ADD_OKAY，所以后面的也不用继续看了，这里调用的是mPolicy.checkAddPermission(attrs, appOp);
mPolicy直接看定义final WindowManagerPolicy mPolicy = new PhoneWindowManager();
所以直接看PhoneWindowManager.checkAddPermission

public int checkAddPermission(WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, int[] outAppOp) { int type = attrs.type; outAppOp[0] = AppOpsManager.OP_NONE; if (!((type >= FIRST_APPLICATION_WINDOW && type <= LAST_APPLICATION_WINDOW) || (type >= FIRST_SUB_WINDOW && type <= LAST_SUB_WINDOW) || (type >= FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW && type <= LAST_SYSTEM_WINDOW))) { return WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_INVALID_TYPE; } if (type < FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW || type > LAST_SYSTEM_WINDOW) { // Window manager will make sure these are okay. return WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_OKAY; } String permission = null; switch (type) { case TYPE_TOAST: // XXX right now the app process has complete control over // this... should introduce a token to let the system // monitor/control what they are doing. outAppOp[0] = AppOpsManager.OP_TOAST_WINDOW; break; case TYPE_DREAM: case TYPE_INPUT_METHOD: case TYPE_WALLPAPER: case TYPE_PRIVATE_PRESENTATION: case TYPE_VOICE_INTERACTION: case TYPE_ACCESSIBILITY_OVERLAY: case TYPE_QS_DIALOG: // The window manager will check these. break; case TYPE_PHONE: case TYPE_PRIORITY_PHONE: case TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT: case TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR: case TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY: permission = android.Manifest.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW; outAppOp[0] = AppOpsManager.OP_SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW; break; default: permission = android.Manifest.permission.INTERNAL_SYSTEM_WINDOW; } if (permission != null) { if (android.Manifest.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW.equals(permission)) { final int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid(); // system processes will be automatically allowed privilege to draw if (callingUid == Process.SYSTEM_UID) { return WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_OKAY; } // check if user has enabled this operation. SecurityException will be thrown if // this app has not been allowed by the user final int mode = mAppOpsManager.checkOpNoThrow(outAppOp[0], callingUid, attrs.packageName); switch (mode) { case AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED: case AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED: // although we return ADD_OKAY for MODE_IGNORED, the added window will // actually be hidden in WindowManagerService return WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_OKAY; case AppOpsManager.MODE_ERRORED: try { ApplicationInfo appInfo = mContext.getPackageManager() .getApplicationInfo(attrs.packageName, UserHandle.getUserId(callingUid)); // Don't crash legacy apps if (appInfo.targetSdkVersion < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) { return WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_OKAY; } } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) { /* ignore */ } return WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_PERMISSION_DENIED; default: // in the default mode, we will make a decision here based on // checkCallingPermission() if (mContext.checkCallingPermission(permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { return WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_PERMISSION_DENIED; } else { return WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_OKAY; } } } if (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) { return WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_PERMISSION_DENIED; } } return WindowManagerGlobal.ADD_OKAY; } 

我们设置的是TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG，所以权限是android.Manifest.permission.INTERNAL_SYSTEM_WINDOW
然后调用mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(permission)看是否是PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED我们可以看下Context的checkCallingOrSelfPermission这个函数。具体实现在ContextImpl里

public int checkCallingOrSelfPermission(String permission) { if (permission == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("permission is null"); } return checkPermission(permission, Binder.getCallingPid(), Binder.getCallingUid()); } 

传入调用的pid和uid，继续看checkPermission这个函数    注：P开始这里有变更，但是最终处理逻辑不变

public int checkPermission(String permission, int pid, int uid) { if (permission == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("permission is null"); } try { return ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().checkPermission( permission, pid, uid); } catch (RemoteException e) { throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer(); } } 

ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()返回的即是ActivityManagerService直接看对应的函数

 public int checkPermission(String permission, int pid, int uid) { if (permission == null) { return PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED; } return checkComponentPermission(permission, pid, uid, -1, true); } 

继续看checkComponentPermission

int checkComponentPermission(String permission, int pid, int uid, int owningUid, boolean exported) { if (pid == MY_PID) { return PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED; } return ActivityManager.checkComponentPermission(permission, uid, owningUid, exported); } 

前面有一句

if (pid == MY_PID) {
    return PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
}
        

而MY_PID的定义为static final int MY_PID = Process.myPid();也就是说调用的pid是当前（AMS)所在线程，则直接允许，我们的肯定是我们自己的进程，所以，这个判断是fasle的，继续看ActivityManager.checkComponentPermission

public static int checkComponentPermission(String permission, int uid, int owningUid, boolean exported) { // Root, system server get to do everything. final int appId = UserHandle.getAppId(uid); if (appId == Process.ROOT_UID || appId == Process.SYSTEM_UID) { return PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED; } // Isolated processes don't get any permissions. if (UserHandle.isIsolated(uid)) { return PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED; } // If there is a uid that owns whatever is being accessed, it has // blanket access to it regardless of the permissions it requires. if (owningUid >= 0 && UserHandle.isSameApp(uid, owningUid)) { return PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED; } // If the target is not exported, then nobody else can get to it. if (!exported) { /* RuntimeException here = new RuntimeException("here"); here.fillInStackTrace(); Slog.w(TAG, "Permission denied: checkComponentPermission() owningUid=" + owningUid, here); */ return PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED; } if (permission == null) { return PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED; } try { return AppGlobals.getPackageManager() .checkUidPermission(permission, uid); } catch (RemoteException e) { throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer(); } } 

主要看两个，第一个就

            return PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
        }

如果是超级用户或者系统用户，直接允许，换句话说，有root权限的或者系统服务的，根本不需要申请任何权限，直接都是允许的。
最后返回的是

AppGlobals.getPackageManager()
                    .checkUidPermission(permission, uid);```
这里```AppGlobals.getPackageManager()```返回的是```PackageManagerService```,如果是23以下的代码，主要是查询在```AndroidManafest.xml```里定义的权限，如果是23以上的，还要检查下是否granted过的。涉及到的代码比较复杂，有空再继续写。但是可以肯定的是 

android.Manifest.permission.INTERNAL_SYSTEM_WINDOW

这货没定义，就算定义了，其实在判断的时候也加不进去，因为这个权限声明的时候就表明是系统权限。所以，这个需求是只能系统进程或者有root才能做到的，普通app就只能到此了。
最后，有人可能会问，type2009啥意思，这2009就是```TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG```这个的值了，看定义 

public static final int TYPE_KEYGUARD_DIALOG = FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW+9;

public static final int FIRST_SYSTEM_WINDOW = 2000;

至于授予的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW"/>

在这里其实并没啥卵用，要设置type是```TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT```这个才需要