OpenStack Swift 安装部署

首先要感谢liu大神的翻译与试验，http://www.cnblogs.com/yuki-lau/

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 简介

　　本文详细描述使用单台服务器部署一个Swift开发版本的过程，单台服务器运行所有Swift服务，并模拟运行具有4个结点的Swift集群。其中，这里的“服务器”可以是物理机也可以是虚拟机。

　　已验证的部署环境：

• Centos 7.0
  

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版本说明

　　本文档基于：

• 官方文档：Swift 1.7.6-dev documentation

• Swift版本：1.7.6

• python-swiftclient版本：1.2.0

　　请确保安装的Swift版本和本文档中的版本相同。如有问题，请参考官网的更新文档。

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1. 安装依赖包和核心代码

1. 以root身份登录。

# sudo su - root

 

2. 安装必须的依赖包、库。

yum install curl gcc memcached rsync sqlite xfsprogs git-core \
                 libffi-devel xinetd liberasurecode-devel \
                 python-setuptools \
                 python-coverage python-devel python-nose \
                 pyxattr python-eventlet \
                 python-greenlet python-paste-deploy \
                 python-netifaces python-pip python-dns \
                 python-mock

3. 创建swift用户和组。在此，我们直接使用root作为用户名和组名。

　　接下来，需要选择使用一个分区作为存储（Using a partition for storage）或使用一个回环设备作为存储（Using a loopback device for storage），本文档一个分区作为存储。请参阅这里。

2. 使用单独分区作为存储

1. 创建存储文件夹并格式化分区（分区是之前分好的）。

sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
sudo mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1

2. 编辑/etc/fstab并添加如下一行。

/dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1 xfs noatime,nodiratime,nobarrier,logbufs=8 0 0

3. 创建安装点并建软链接

sudo mkdir /mnt/sdb1
sudo mount /mnt/sdb1
sudo mkdir /mnt/sdb1/1 /mnt/sdb1/2 /mnt/sdb1/3 /mnt/sdb1/4
sudo chown ${USER}:${USER} /mnt/sdb1/*
sudo mkdir /srv
for x in {1..4}; do sudo ln -s /mnt/sdb1/$x /srv/$x; done
sudo mkdir -p /srv/1/node/sdb1 /srv/1/node/sdb5 \
              /srv/2/node/sdb2 /srv/2/node/sdb6 \
              /srv/3/node/sdb3 /srv/3/node/sdb7 \
              /srv/4/node/sdb4 /srv/4/node/sdb8 \
              /var/run/swift
sudo chown -R ${USER}:${USER} /var/run/swift
# **Make sure to include the trailing slash after /srv/$x/**
for x in {1..4}; do sudo chown -R ${USER}:${USER} /srv/$x/; done

4.  在/etc/rc.local加入一下内容

mkdir -p /var/cache/swift /var/cache/swift2 /var/cache/swift3 /var/cache/swift4
chown root:root /var/cache/swift*
mkdir -p /var/run/swift
chown root:root /var/run/swift

5. 下载代码

cd $HOME; git clone 
cd $HOME/python-swiftclient; python setup.py develop; cd -
cd $HOME/python-swiftclient; pip install -r requirements.txt; python setup.py develop; cd - 
git clone 
cd $HOME/swift;  pip install -r requirements.txt; python setup.py develop; cd - 
sudo pip install -U xattr
cd $HOME/swift; sudo pip install -r test-requirements.txt

3. 设置Rsync

1. 创建文件/etc/rsyncd.conf

cp $HOME/swift/doc/saio/rsyncd.conf /etc/
sed -i "s/<your-user-name>/${USER}/" /etc/rsyncd.conf

文件内容如下：

uid = root gid = root log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid address = 127.0.0.1   [account6012] max connections = 25 path = /srv/1/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/account6012.lock   [account6022] max connections = 25 path = /srv/2/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/account6022.lock   [account6032] max connections = 25 path = /srv/3/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/account6032.lock   [account6042] max connections = 25 path = /srv/4/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/account6042.lock   [container6011] max connections = 25 path = /srv/1/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/container6011.lock   [container6021] max connections = 25 path = /srv/2/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/container6021.lock   [container6031] max connections = 25 path = /srv/3/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/container6031.lock   [container6041] max connections = 25 path = /srv/4/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/container6041.lock   [object6010] max connections = 25 path = /srv/1/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/object6010.lock   [object6020] max connections = 25 path = /srv/2/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/object6020.lock   [object6030] max connections = 25 path = /srv/3/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/object6030.lock   [object6040] max connections = 25 path = /srv/4/node/ read only = false lock file = /var/lock/object6040.lock

2. 编辑文件/etc/xinetd.d/rsync

disable = no

3. 启动rsync服务

systemctl restart xinetd.service systemctl enable rsyncd.service systemctl start rsyncd.service

4.验证rsync是否接受服务器链接

rsync rsync://pub@localhost/
输出：
account6012
account6022
account6032
account6042
container6011
container6021
container6031
container6041
object6010
object6020
object6030
object6040

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4. 启动memcache服务

systemctl enable memcached.service
systemctl start memcached.service

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5. 设置独立日志（可选）

1. 创建文件/etc/rsyslog.d/10-swift.conf

cp $HOME/swift/doc/saio/rsyslog.d/10-swift.conf /etc/rsyslog.d/

内容如下：

# Uncomment the following to have a log containing all logs together #local1,local2,local3,local4,local5.*   /var/log/swift/all.log   # Uncomment the following to have hourly proxy logs for stats processing #$template HourlyProxyLog,"/var/log/swift/hourly/%$YEAR%%$MONTH%%$DAY%%$HOUR%" #local1.*;local1.!notice ?HourlyProxyLog   local1.*;local1.!notice /var/log/swift/proxy.log local1.notice           /var/log/swift/proxy.error local1.*                ~   local2.*;local2.!notice /var/log/swift/storage1.log local2.notice           /var/log/swift/storage1.error local2.*                ~   local3.*;local3.!notice /var/log/swift/storage2.log local3.notice           /var/log/swift/storage2.error local3.*                ~   local4.*;local4.!notice /var/log/swift/storage3.log local4.notice           /var/log/swift/storage3.error local4.*                ~   local5.*;local5.!notice /var/log/swift/storage4.log local5.notice           /var/log/swift/storage4.error local5.*                ~

 

2. 编辑文件/etc/rsyslog.conf，更改参数$PrivDropToGroup为adm。

$PrivDropToGroup adm

 

3. 创建swift每小时的文件夹。

# mkdir -p /var/log/swift/hourly

 

4. 更改swift的log文件夹权限。

# chown -R syslog.adm /var/log/swift # chmod -R g+w /var/log/swift

 

5. 重启rsyslog服务。

systemctl restart rsyslog.service

6. 配置结点

rm -rf /etc/swif

cd $HOME/swift/doc; sudo cp -r saio/swift /etc/swift; cd -
sudo chown -R ${USER}:${USER} /etc/swift

find /etc/swift/ -name \*.conf | xargs sudo sed -i "s/<your-user-name>/${USER}/"

所有文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] bind_port = 8080 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL1 eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = healthcheck cache tempauth proxy-logging proxy-server   [app:proxy-server] use = egg:swift#proxy allow_account_management = true account_autocreate = true   [filter:tempauth] use = egg:swift#tempauth user_admin_admin = admin .admin .reseller_admin user_test_tester = testing .admin user_test2_tester2 = testing2 .admin user_test_tester3 = testing3   [filter:healthcheck] use = egg:swift#healthcheck   [filter:cache] use = egg:swift#memcache   [filter:proxy-logging] use = egg:swift#proxy_logging

 

2. /etc/swift/swift.conf，文件内容如下：

[swift-hash] # random unique string that can never change (DO NOT LOSE) swift_hash_path_suffix = jtangfs

 

3. /etc/swift/account-server/1.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/1/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6012 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL2 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon account-server   [app:account-server] use = egg:swift#account   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [account-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [account-auditor]   [account-reaper]

 

4. /etc/swift/account-server/2.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/2/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6022 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL3 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift2 eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon account-server   [app:account-server] use = egg:swift#account   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [account-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [account-auditor]   [account-reaper]

 

5. /etc/swift/account-server/3.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/3/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6032 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL4 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift3 eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon account-server   [app:account-server] use = egg:swift#account   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [account-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [account-auditor]   [account-reaper]

 

6. /etc/swift/account-server/4.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/4/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6042 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL5 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift4 eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon account-server   [app:account-server] use = egg:swift#account   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [account-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [account-auditor]   [account-reaper]

 

7. /etc/swift/container-server/1.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/1/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6011 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL2 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon container-server   [app:container-server] use = egg:swift#container   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [container-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [container-updater]   [container-auditor]   [container-sync]

 

8. /etc/swift/container-server/2.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/2/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6021 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL3 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift2 eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon container-server   [app:container-server] use = egg:swift#container   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [container-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [container-updater]   [container-auditor]   [container-sync]

 

9. /etc/swift/container-server/3.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/3/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6031 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL4 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift3 eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon container-server   [app:container-server] use = egg:swift#container   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [container-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [container-updater]   [container-auditor]   [container-sync]

 

10. /etc/swift/container-server/4.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/4/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6041 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL5 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift4 eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon container-server   [app:container-server] use = egg:swift#container   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [container-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [container-updater]   [container-auditor]   [container-sync]

 

11. /etc/swift/object-server/1.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/1/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6010 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL2 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon object-server   [app:object-server] use = egg:swift#object   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [object-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [object-updater]   [object-auditor]

 

12. /etc/swift/object-server/2.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/2/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6020 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL3 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift2 eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon object-server   [app:object-server] use = egg:swift#object   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [object-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [object-updater]   [object-auditor]

 

13. /etc/swift/object-server/3.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/3/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6030 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL4 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift3 eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon object-server   [app:object-server] use = egg:swift#object   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [object-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [object-updater]   [object-auditor]

 

14. /etc/swift/object-server/4.conf，文件内容如下：

[DEFAULT] devices = /srv/4/node mount_check = false disable_fallocate = true bind_port = 6040 user = root log_facility = LOG_LOCAL5 recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift4 eventlet_debug = true   [pipeline:main] pipeline = recon object-server   [app:object-server] use = egg:swift#object   [filter:recon] use = egg:swift#recon   [object-replicator] vm_test_mode = yes   [object-updater]   [object-auditor]

7. 创建Swift运行脚本

1. 创建脚本~/bin/resetswift，内容如下。注意，如果使用的是单独分区存储需要将/srv/swift-disk替换为/dev/sdb1；如果没有创建rsyslog作为独立日志，则需要移除find /var/log/swift... 这一行。

mkdir -p $HOME/bin
cd $HOME/swift/doc; cp saio/bin/* $HOME/bin; cd -
chmod +x $HOME/bin/*

文件内容如下：

#!/bin/bash   swift-init all stop find /var/log/swift -type f -exec rm -f {} \; sudo umount /mnt/sdb1 sudo mkfs.xfs -f -i size=1024 /srv/swift-disk sudo mount /mnt/sdb1 sudo mkdir /mnt/sdb1/1 /mnt/sdb1/2 /mnt/sdb1/3 /mnt/sdb1/4 sudo chown root:root /mnt/sdb1/* mkdir -p /srv/1/node/sdb1 /srv/2/node/sdb2 /srv/3/node/sdb3 /srv/4/node/sdb4 sudo rm -f /var/log/debug /var/log/messages /var/log/rsyncd.log /var/log/syslog find /var/cache/swift* -type f -name *.recon -exec rm -f {} \; sudo service rsyslog restart sudo service memcached restart

 

2. 创建脚本~/bin/remakerings，内容如下：

#!/bin/bash   cd /etc/swift   rm -f *.builder *.ring.gz backups/*.builder backups/*.ring.gz   swift-ring-builder object.builder create 18 3 1 swift-ring-builder object.builder add z1-127.0.0.1:6010/sdb1 1 swift-ring-builder object.builder add z2-127.0.0.1:6020/sdb2 1 swift-ring-builder object.builder add z3-127.0.0.1:6030/sdb3 1 swift-ring-builder object.builder add z4-127.0.0.1:6040/sdb4 1 swift-ring-builder object.builder rebalance swift-ring-builder container.builder create 18 3 1 swift-ring-builder container.builder add z1-127.0.0.1:6011/sdb1 1 swift-ring-builder container.builder add z2-127.0.0.1:6021/sdb2 1 swift-ring-builder container.builder add z3-127.0.0.1:6031/sdb3 1 swift-ring-builder container.builder add z4-127.0.0.1:6041/sdb4 1 swift-ring-builder container.builder rebalance swift-ring-builder account.builder create 18 3 1 swift-ring-builder account.builder add z1-127.0.0.1:6012/sdb1 1 swift-ring-builder account.builder add z2-127.0.0.1:6022/sdb2 1 swift-ring-builder account.builder add z3-127.0.0.1:6032/sdb3 1 swift-ring-builder account.builder add z4-127.0.0.1:6042/sdb4 1 swift-ring-builder account.builder rebalance

 

3. 创建脚本~/bin/startmain，内容如下：

#!/bin/bash   swift-init main start

 

4. 创建脚本~/bin/startrest，内容如下：

#!/bin/bash   swift-init rest start

 

5. 更改脚本权限。

# chmod +x ~/bin/*

 

6. 创建rings。

# remakerings

 

7. 执行功能单元测试，出现“Unable to read test config /etc/swift/test.conf – file not found”，可不必理会，或手动复制过去（配置文件在swift/test/sample.conf）。

# cd ~/swift # ./.unittests

 

8. 运行swift，出现“Unable to increase file descriptor limit.  Running as non-root?”警告为正常现象，不必理会。

# startmain

8. 简单使用

　　完成安装部署后，可以使用swift --help命令查看Swift帮助信息。

# swift --help Usage: swift <command> [options] [args]   Commands:   stat [container] [object]     Displays information for the account, container, or object depending on the     args given (if any).   list [options] [container]     Lists the containers for the account or the objects for a container. -p or     --prefix is an option that will only list items beginning with that prefix.     -d or --delimiter is option (for container listings only) that will roll up     items with the given delimiter (see Cloud Files general documentation for     what this means).   upload [options] container file_or_directory [file_or_directory] [...]     Uploads to the given container the files and directories specified by the     remaining args. -c or --changed is an option that will only upload files     that have changed since the last upload. -S <size> or --segment-size <size>     and --leave-segments are options as well (see --help for more).   post [options] [container] [object]     Updates meta information for the account, container, or object depending on     the args given. If the container is not found, it will be created     automatically; but this is not true for accounts and objects. Containers     also allow the -r (or --read-acl) and -w (or --write-acl) options. The -m     or --meta option is allowed on all and used to define the user meta data     items to set in the form Name:Value. This option can be repeated. Example:     post -m Color:Blue -m Size:Large   download --all OR download container [options] [object] [object] ...     Downloads everything in the account (with --all), or everything in a     container, or a list of objects depending on the args given. For a single     object download, you may use the -o [--output] <filename> option to     redirect the output to a specific file or if "-" then just redirect to     stdout.   delete [options] --all OR delete container [options] [object] [object] ...     Deletes everything in the account (with --all), or everything in a     container, or a list of objects depending on the args given. Segments of     manifest objects will be deleted as well, unless you specify the     --leave-segments option.   Example:   swift -A https://auth.api.rackspacecloud.com/v1.0 -U user -K key stat   Options:   --version             show program's version number and exit   -h, --help            show this help message and exit   -s, --snet            Use SERVICENET internal network   -v, --verbose         Print more info   -q, --quiet           Suppress status output   -A AUTH, --auth=AUTH  URL for obtaining an auth token   -V AUTH_VERSION, --auth-version=AUTH_VERSION                         Specify a version for authentication. Defaults to 1.0.   -U USER, --user=USER  User name for obtaining an auth token.   -K KEY, --key=KEY     Key for obtaining an auth token.   --os-username=<auth-user-name>                         Openstack username. Defaults to env[OS_USERNAME].   --os-password=<auth-password>                         Openstack password. Defaults to env[OS_PASSWORD].   --os-tenant-id=<auth-tenant-id>                         OpenStack tenant ID. Defaults to env[OS_TENANT_ID]   --os-tenant-name=<auth-tenant-name>                         Openstack tenant name. Defaults to                         env[OS_TENANT_NAME].   --os-auth-url=<auth-url>                         Openstack auth URL. Defaults to env[OS_AUTH_URL].   --os-auth-token=<auth-token>                         Openstack token. Defaults to env[OS_AUTH_TOKEN]   --os-storage-url=<storage-url>                         Openstack storage URL. Defaults to env[OS_STORAGE_URL]   --os-region-name=<region-name>                         Openstack region name. Defaults to env[OS_REGION_NAME]   --os-service-type=<service-type>                         Openstack Service type. Defaults to                         env[OS_SERVICE_TYPE]   --os-endpoint-type=<endpoint-type>                         Openstack Endpoint type. Defaults to                         env[OS_ENDPOINT_TYPE]   --insecure            Allow swiftclient to access insecure keystone server.                         The keystone's certificate will not be verified.

 

1. 获取一个 X-Storage-Url 和 X-Auth-Token。

# curl -v -H 'X-Storage-User: test:tester' -H 'X-Storage-Pass: testing' http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/v1.0

 　　可以得到以下返回信息：

* About to connect() to 127.0.0.1 port 8080 (#0) * Trying 127.0.0.1... connected * Connected to 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) port 8080 (#0) > GET /auth/v1.0 HTTP/1.1 > User-Agent: curl/7.19.7 (i486-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.7 OpenSSL/0.9.8k zlib/1.2.3.3 libidn/1.15 > Host: 127.0.0.1:8080 > Accept: */* > X-Storage-User: test:tester > X-Storage-Pass: testing   < HTTP/1.1 200 OK < X-Storage-Url: http://127.0.0.1:8080/v1/AUTH_test < X-Storage-Token: AUTH_tk6474e5ee0cb04832b9d2a168e1a164d8 < X-Auth-Token: AUTH_tk6474e5ee0cb04832b9d2a168e1a164d8 < Content-Length: 0 < Date: Mon, 04 Jul 2011 01:36:57 GMT * Connection #0 to host 127.0.0.1 left intact *Closing connection #0

 

2. 检查账户。注意，X-Auth-Token:与<token-from-x-auth-token-above>之间存在一个空格，一定不能丢。

# curl -v -H 'X-Auth-Token: <token-from-x-auth-token-above>'  <url-from-x-storage-url-above>

 

3. 检查Swift工作。

# swift -A http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/v1.0 -U test:tester -K testing stat

 　　正确情况下，应该输出以下信息：

Account: AUTH_test Containers: 0 Objects: 0 Bytes: 0 Accept-Ranges: bytes

 

4. 创建container，创建一个名称为container_test的container（目录），注意使用当前的token。

# curl -X PUT -D -  -H "X-Auth_Token:AUTH_tk6474e5ee0cb04832b9d2a168e1a164d8" http://127.0.0.1:8080/v1/AUTH_test/container_test

 　　正确情况下，应该得到以下信息：

HTTP/1.1 201 Created Content-Length: 0 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Date: Mon, 04 Jul 2011 01:39:38 GMT

 

5. 查看test用户的container列表，发现只有一个目录：container_test。

# swift -A http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/v1.0 -U test:tester -K testing list

container_test

 

6. 上传Object（文件），上传hello文件到container_test目录中。

# swift -A http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/v1.0 -U test:tester -K testing upload container_test /root/hello

root/hello

 

7. 查看目录中的内容，查看container_test目录中的内容。

# swift -A http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/v1.0 -U test:tester -K testing list container_test

root/hello

 

8. 下载Object（文件）下载container_test下的object。

# swift -A http://127.0.0.1:8080/auth/v1.0 -U test:tester -K testing download  container_test

 　　将container_test目录内的所有内容下载到目前所在目录。注意：如果上传文件的时候，有嵌套目录，则上传到Swift上后，也是以嵌套目录的形式存在，下载后，会在当前目录创建一样的嵌套目录。

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补充说明：

　　现在已经完成SAIO的部署了，下面介绍一下系统环境的改变：

　　1. ~/swift目录下存放Swift与python-swiftclient的源代码与执行脚本。

• ~/swift/bin目录下存放执行脚本。

• ~/swift/swift_1.7.6目录下存放Swift的源代码。

• ~/swift/python-swiftclient_1.2.0目录下存放Swift客户端的源代码。

　　2. /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages、/usr/share/pyshared、/usr/bin、/usr/local/bin等目录下存放Swift与python-swiftclient安装后的程序文件。

　　3. Swift的回环设备挂载在/mnt/sdb1目录上。

　　4. 回环设备对应的文件为/srv/swift-disk。

　　5. 四个存储节点对应的实际存储空间（即共享上述回环设备）——/mnt/sdb1/1、/mnt/sdb1/2、/mnt/sdb1/3、/mnt/sdb1/4。

　　6. 四个存储节点指向实际存储空间的软链接——/srv/1、/srv/2、/srv/3、/srv/4。

　　7. 四个存储节点的对应的虚拟挂载点——/srv/1/node/sdb1、/srv/2/node/sdb2、/srv/2/node/sdb2、/srv/2/node/sdb2。

　　8. Swift运行时所需目录/var/run/swift，用于存放各个服务进程的pid文件等内容。

　　9. Swift临时缓存的目录（姑且这么理解）——/var/cache/swift、/var/cache/swift2、/var/cache/swift3、/var/cache/swift4。

　　10. /etc/swift目录中存放Swift自身的配置文件。

• /etc/swift/object-server目录中存放四个存储节点的Object Server配置文件。

• /etc/swift/container-server目录中存放四个存储节点的Container Server配置文件。

• /etc/swift/account-server目录中存放四个存储节点的Account Server配置文件。

• /etc/swift/proxy-server.conf为Proxy Server的配置文件。

• /etc/swift/swift.conf为Swift哈希后缀的配置文件。

• backups目录、*.builder文件和*.ring.rz文件都是Ring的相关文件，其中*.ring.rz文件记录了生成的Ring。

• test.conf文件是Swift单元测试所需的文件。

　　11. /var/log/swift目录下存放rsyslog独立日志工具输出的日志文件。

　　12. 其他被创建的文件：

• /etc/rsyncd.conf，作为rsync数据镜像备份工具的配置文件。

• /etc/rsyslog.d/10-swift.conf，作为rsyslog独立日志工具的配置文件。

　　13. 其他被修改的文件：

• /etc/fstab，回环设备挂载相关配置文件。

• /etc/rc.local，使得系统在启动时自动创建一些Swift所需的目录，这些目录可能在系统关闭后丢失。

• /etc/default/rsync，使rsync能开机启动。

• /etc/rsyslog.conf，改变rsyslog工具所在的Group。

• ~/.bashrc，使新增的环境变量生效。

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/FrankXin/blog/632800