ubuntu22.04安装MySQL8.0

1.更新

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

2.apt方式安装

root@qiuyan:/usr/local/mysql# sudo apt install mysql-server

是否安装选择y
安装完后查看安装情况：

root@qiuyan:/usr/local/mysql# systemctl status mysql
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-10-26 09:05:19 CST; 1min 12s ago
    Process: 423584 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   Main PID: 423592 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
      Tasks: 38 (limit: 77104)
     Memory: 364.1M
        CPU: 1.549s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
             └─423592 /usr/sbin/mysqld

10月 26 09:05:15 qiuyan systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
10月 26 09:05:19 qiuyan systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

3.设置
先设置密码，不然一会设置安全选项会有问题：
注意密码要弄复杂写不然不通过，且记得语句后加分号；

root@qiuyan:/# sudo mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.0.31-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> 
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password by '简单密码1';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password by '复杂密码2'
    -> select host,user,plugin from user;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'select host,user,plugin from user' at line 2
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password by '复杂密码2';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

设置安全选项

root@qiuyan:/# mysql_secure_installation

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: 
The 'validate_password' component is installed on the server.
The subsequent steps will run with the existing configuration
of the component.
Using existing password for root.

Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n

 ... skipping.
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : n   

 ... skipping.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.


Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.

All done! 

4.指定数据文件位置

#systemctl stop mysql
#sudo mkdir /data
#sudo rsync -a /var/lib/mysql /data/

修改配置文件：
打开mysqld.cnf

root@qiuyan:/home/qiuyan# vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

修改属性：

datadir = /data/mysql

打开usr.sbin.mysqld：

root@qiuyan:/home/qiuyan# vim /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld

修改属性：

# Allow data dir access
  /data/mysql/ r,
  /data/mysql/** rwk,

打开：

root@qiuyan:/home/qiuyan# vim /etc/apparmor.d/abstractions/mysql

修改：

/data/mysql{,d}/mysql{,d}.sock rw,

重启appapmor：

root@qiuyan:/home/qiuyan# systemctl restart appapmor

遇到报错：

Failed to restart apparmor.service: Unit apparmor.service is masked.

解决办法：

root@qiuyan:/home/qiuyan# systemctl unmask apparmor.service
Removed /etc/systemd/system/apparmor.service.

重新启动appapmor：

root@qiuyan:/home/qiuyan# systemctl restart apparmor
Job for apparmor.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status apparmor.service" and "journalctl -xeu apparmor.service" for details.

重启mysql:

root@qiuyan:/home/qiuyan# systemctl start mysql

5.远程访问

# sudo mysql
#mysql -uroot -p密码

mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> update mysql.user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.14 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> select host,user,plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| host      | user             | plugin                |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| %         | root             | mysql_native_password |
| localhost | debian-sys-maint | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

开启访问权限：

vim /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf 

修改bind-address属性：

bind-address            = *