python中pop用法_使用Python下载邮件（pop/imap）
#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os
import re
import time
import email
import poplib
import imaplib
import cStringIO
from hashlib import md5
# Configuration
# -------------
# Email address
MAILADDR = "username@163.com"
# Email password
PASSWORD = "password"
# Mail Server (pop/imap)
SERVER = "pop.163.com"
# Transfer protocol (pop3/imap4)
PROTOCOL = "pop3"
# Use SSL? (True/False)
USE_SSL = True
# Main output direcotory
OUTDIR = "result"
# Static variable
# ---------------
# Default port of each protocol
DEFAULT_PORT = {
"pop3": {False: 110, True: 995},
"imap4": {False: 143, True: 993},
}
# Function
# --------
def exit_script(reason, e=""):
"""Print error reason and exit this script
:param reason: exit error reason
:param e: exception
"""
# Print exit string
exit_str = "[-] {0}".format(reason)
if e:
exit_str += " ({0})".format(e)
print(exit_str)
# Remove result path
remove_dir(result_path)
# Exit script
print("[-] Fetch email failed!")
exit(-1)
def parse_protocol(protocol):
"""Parse transfer protocol
:param protocol: transfer protocol
:return: handled protocol
"""
if protocol in ["pop", "pop3"]:
return "pop3"
elif protocol in ["imap", "imap4"]:
return "imap4"
else:
exit_script("Parse protocol failed: {0}".format(protocol))
def parse_server(server, use_ssl, protocol):
"""Change server to host and port. If no port specified, use default value
:param server: mail server (host, host:port)
:param use_ssl: True if use SSL else False
:param protocol: transfer protocol (pop3/imap4)
:return: host and port
"""
if not server:
exit_script("No available server")
server_item = server.split(":")
server_item_len = len(server_item)
if server_item_len > 2:
exit_script("Too many colons in server: {0}".format(server))
try:
host = server_item[0]
port = DEFAULT_PORT[protocol][use_ssl] if server_item_len == 1 else int(server_item[1])
except BaseException as e:
exit_script("Parse server format failed: {0}".format(server), e)
return host, port
def create_dir(result_path):
"""Create output directory if not exist
:param result_path: main result path
"""
try:
if not os.path.exists(result_path):
os.mkdir(result_path)
print("[*] Create directory {0} successfully".format(result_path))
else:
if os.path.isfile(result_path):
exit_script("{0} is file".format(result_path))
else:
print("[*] Directory {0} has already existed".format(result_path))
except BaseException as e:
exit_script("Create directory {0} failed".format(result_path), e)
def remove_dir(result_path):
"""Remove output directory if no file in this directory
:param result_path: main result path
"""
try:
if os.path.isdir(result_path):
if len(os.listdir(result_path)) == 0:
os.rmdir(result_path)
print("[*] Remove directory {0} successfully".format(result_path))
else:
print("[*] Directory {0} is not empty, no need remove".format(result_path))
else:
print("[*] No directory {0}".format(result_path))
except BaseException as e:
print("[-] Remove directory {0} failed: {1}".format(result_path, e))
def protocol_manager(protocol, host, port, usr, pwd, use_ssl):
"""Choose handle function according to transfer protocol
:param protocol: transfer protocol (pop3/imap4)
:param host: host
:param port: port
:param usr: username
:param pwd: password
:param use_ssl: True if use ssl else False
"""
import __main__
if hasattr(__main__, protocol):
getattr(__main__, protocol)(host, port, usr, pwd, use_ssl)
else:
exit_script("Wrong protocol: {0}".format(protocol))
def pop3(host, port, usr, pwd, use_ssl):
"""Pop3 handler
:param host: host
:param port: port
:param usr: username
:param pwd: password
:param use_ssl: True if use SSL else False
"""
# Connect to mail server
try:
conn = poplib.POP3_SSL(host, port) if use_ssl else poplib.POP3(host, port)
conn.user(usr)
conn.pass_(pwd)
print("[+] Connect to {0}:{1} successfully".format(host, port))
except BaseException as e:
exit_script("Connect to {0}:{1} failed".format(host, port), e)
# Get email message number
try:
msg_num = len(conn.list()[1])
print("[*] {0} emails found in {1}".format(msg_num, usr))
except BaseException as e:
exit_script("Can't get email number", e)
# Get email content and attachments
for i in range(1, msg_num+1):
print("[*] Downloading email {0}/{1}".format(i, msg_num))
# Retrieve email message lines, and write to buffer
try:
msg_lines = conn.retr(i)[1]
buf = cStringIO.StringIO()
for line in msg_lines:
print >> buf, line
buf.seek(0)
except BaseException as e:
print "[-] Retrieve email {0} failed: {1}".format(i, e)
continue
# Read buffer
try:
msg = email.message_from_file(buf)
except BaseException as e:
print "[-] Read buffer of email {0} failed: {1}".format(i, e)
continue
# Parse and save email content/attachments
try:
parse_email(msg, i)
except BaseException as e:
print("[-] Parse email {0} failed: {1}".format(i, e))
# Quit mail server
conn.quit()
def imap4(host, port, usr, pwd, use_ssl):
"""Imap4 handler
:param host: host
:param port: port
:param usr: username
:param pwd: password
:param use_ssl: True if use SSL else False
"""
# Connect to mail server
try:
conn = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(host, port) if use_ssl else imaplib.IMAP4(host, port)
conn.login(usr, pwd)
print("[+] Connect to {0}:{1} successfully".format(host, port))
except BaseException as e:
exit_script("Connect to {0}:{1} failed".format(host, port), e)
# Initial some variable
list_pattern = re.compile(r'\((?P.*?)\) "(?P.*)" (?P.*)')
download_num = 0
download_hash = []
# Get all folders
try:
type_, folders = conn.list()
except BaseException as e:
exit_script("Get folder list failed", e)
for folder in folders:
# Parse folder info and get folder name
try:
flags, delimiter, folder_name = list_pattern.match(folder).groups()
folder_name = folder_name.strip('"')
print "[*] Handling folder: {0}".format(folder_name)
except BaseException as e:
print "[-] Parse folder {0} failed: {1}".format(folder, e)
continue
# Select and search folder
try:
conn.select(folder_name, readonly=True)
type_, data = conn.search(None, "ALL")
except BaseException as e:
print "[-] Search folder {0} failed: {1}".format(folder_name, e)
continue
# Get email number of this folder
try:
msg_id_list = [int(i) for i in data[0].split()]
msg_num = len(msg_id_list)
print "[*] {0} emails found in {1} ({2})".format(msg_num, usr, folder_name)
except BaseException as e:
print "[-] Can't get email number of {0}: {1}".format(folder_name, e)
continue
# Get email content and attachments
for i in msg_id_list:
print "[*] Downloading email {0}/{1}".format(i, msg_num)
# Get email message
try:
type_, data = conn.fetch(i, "(RFC822)")
msg = email.message_from_string(data[0][1])
except BaseException as e:
print "[-] Retrieve email {0} failed: {1}".format(i, e)
continue
# If message already exist, skip this message
try:
msg_md5 = md5(data[0][1]).hexdigest()
if msg_md5 in download_hash:
print "[-] This email has been downloaded in other folder"
continue
else:
download_hash.append(msg_md5)
download_num += 1
except BaseException as e:
print "[-] Parse message md5 failed: {0}".format(e)
continue
# Parse and save email content/attachments
try:
parse_email(msg, download_num)
except BaseException as e:
print "[-] Parse email {0} failed: {1}".format(i, e)
# Logout this account
conn.logout()
def parse_email(msg, i):
"""Parse email message and save content & attachments to file
:param msg: mail message
:param i: ordinal number
"""
global result_file
# Parse and save email content and attachments
for part in msg.walk():
if not part.is_multipart():
filename = part.get_filename()
content = part.get_payload(decode=True)
if filename: # Attachment
# Decode filename
h = email.Header.Header(filename)
dh = email.Header.decode_header(h)
filename = dh[0][0]
result_file = os.path.join(result_path, "mail{0}_attach_{1}".format(i, filename))
else: # Main content
result_file = os.path.join(result_path, "mail{0}_text".format(i))
try:
with open(result_file, "wb") as f:
f.write(content)
except BaseException as e:
print("[-] Write file of email {0} failed: {1}".format(i, e))
if __name__ == "__main__":
print("[*] Start download email script")
start_time = time.time()
mailaddr = MAILADDR
password = PASSWORD
server = SERVER
protocol = PROTOCOL
use_ssl = USE_SSL
outdir = OUTDIR
result_path = os.path.join(OUTDIR, mailaddr)
protocol = parse_protocol(protocol)
host, port = parse_server(server, use_ssl, protocol)
create_dir(result_path)
protocol_manager(protocol, host, port, mailaddr, password, use_ssl)
remove_dir(result_path)
end_time = time.time()
exec_time = end_time - start_time
print("[*] Finish download email of {0} in {1:.2f}s".format(mailaddr, exec_time))