1. Comparison 1.1 文件比较 1.2 文档比较 2. 文件比较工具比较 2.1 免费跨平台的文件比较工具 2.2 其他文件比较工具 3. 更多相关
1. Comparison
1.1 文件比较
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_comparison
文件比较是数据对象（通常是文本文件，例如源代码）之间差异和相似性的计算和显示。
一些广泛使用的文件比较程序是diff，cmp，FileMerge，WinMerge，Beyond Compare和File Compare。
1.2 文档比较
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_comparison
文档比较（也称为红线或黑线）是一种计算机过程，通过该过程可以识别同一文档的两个版本之间的更改，以进行文档编辑和查看。文档比较是法律和金融行业的常见任务。
基于软件的文档比较过程将参考文档与目标文档进行比较，并生成一个第三文档，该文档指示（通过彩色突出显示或通过不同的字体特征）已添加到其中的信息（文本，图形，公式等）。或从参考文档中删除以生成目标文档。
用于比较的常见文档格式包括文字处理文档（例如Microsoft Word），电子表格，演示文稿（例如PowerPoint）和可移植文档格式（PDF）文档。
2. 文件比较工具比较
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_comparison_tools
这些工具比较文件，并且在许多情况下比较目录或文件夹.
2.1 免费跨平台的文件比较工具
| \ Name Item \ | Meld | Lazarus Diff | vimdiff | Eclipse (compare) | jEdit Jdiff Plugin | Ediff | diff | diff3 | Kompare | WinMerge | Pretty Diff | Tkdiff | Perforce P4Merge | UCC |
| 最新年份 | 2019-03-31 (3.20.1) | 2016-11-13 (1.6.2) | 2016-10-03 (v8.0.0022) | 2016-09-28 (4.6.1 (Neon.1)) | 2012-10-04 (3.3.0) | 2.81.4 | 2018-11-22 (v2.18.0) | 2016-11-11 (2.1.14) | 2011-11-27 (v4.2) | 2019 (2019.1 /1815056) | 2015-12-30 (2015.12) | |||
| Creator | Stephen Kennedy | Lazarus (software) | Bram Moolenaar et al. | Various | Michael Kifer | AT&T | Otto Bruggeman | Dean Grimm | Austin Cheney | Tkdiff | Perforce | USC CSSE | ||
| FOSS | Yes; GPLv2+ | Yes; GPL | Yes; GPL-compatible | Yes; Eclipse Public License | Yes; GPL | Yes; GPL | Yes; BSD 3,4, CDDL, GPL, Proprietary | Yes; GPLv2+ | Yes; GPL | Yes; MIT-compatible | Yes; GPLv2+ | No; Proprietary | No; USC-CSSE Limited Public License | |
| Free | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 发行日期 | 2002 | 2000 | 2001 | 2004 | 1998 | 1994 | 1974 | 1998 | 2009 | 2003 | 2009 | |||
| Win/Lin/Mac | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (wine) | Yes (Web) | Yes (Tcl) | Yes | Yes | |
| 其他平台 | BSD, Solaris | FreeBSD | Anything With vim | Anything With Java | Anything With Java | Anything With Emacs and diff | ported to most platforms as part of SCCS | Node.js | Anything With Tcl | Sun Solaris | Sun Solaris | |||
| 最大文件 | > 2GB but less than 64 bits | 2 GB | ||||||||||||
| Show in-line | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
| 目录比较 | Yes | Yes (via DirDiff plugin) | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | |||
| 二进制比较 | No | Yes | partly | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | |||||
| Moved lines | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | ||||||||
| 3-way比较 | Yes | Yes | No (only ancestor) | No | Yes | No | Yes (Non-optional) | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | |
| Merge | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | ||
| 结构化比较 | Yes | |||||||||||||
| 手动比较对齐 | line alignment, unlink scroll | No | No | No | ||||||||||
| 图像比较 | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||||
| GUI | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| CLI | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||||
| Scripting | vim script | elisp | JavaScript | |||||||||||
| 水平/垂直 | Horizontal | Both | Vertical | Both | Both | Horizontal | Horizontal | Vertical | Vertical | Both | Vertical | Vertical | ||
| 语法高亮 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes pipe to diff-highlight | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | ||
| Reports | No | HTML | CSV, Tab-delimited, HTML, XML | XHTML | No | Text, CSV | ||||||||
| ZIP支持 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No | Yes | |||||
| FTP支持 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | |||||
| SFTP支持 | No | |||||||||||||
| 版本控制浏览 | CVS, Subversion, Git, Mercurial, Baazar | Yes CVS, Subversion, Git, Mercurial, Baazar | Yes | RCS, CVS, SVN, Mercurial, git (anything supported by Emacs' VC-mode) | No | Mercurial, Subversion, Visual Source Safe, Rational ClearCase | No | CVS, RCS, Subversion | No | |||||
| 补丁创建 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | |||||
| 补丁申请 | Yes | Yes | Yes with patch | No | No | |||||||||
| 补丁预览 | Yes | Yes | Yes with patch | No | No | |||||||||
| Unicode支持 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | ||||
| 支持XML | No | No | Yes | No | ||||||||||
| 文件名大小写 | No | Yes | Yes | No | N/A | N/A | No | |||||||
| CRC | No | No | No | No | No | No | ||||||||
| 文件日期 | No | No | Optional | No | No | Yes | ||||||||
| 夏令时 | No | No | No | No | No | |||||||||
| 字符框 | Yes | Optional | Optional | Optional | Yes | |||||||||
2.2 其他文件比较工具
| \ Name \ Item \ | Beyond Compare | Guiffy SureMerge | IntelliJ IDEA (compare) | FreeFileSync | fc | ExamDiff Pro | Far Manager (compare) | Total Commander (compare) | Notepad++ (compare) | Compare++ | WinDiff | FileMerge (aka opendiff) | twdiff (TextWrangler Diff Helper) |
| Creator | Scooter Software | Guiffy Software | JetBrains | Zenju | Microsoft | PrestoSoft | Eugene Roshal (original); FAR Group | Christian Ghisler | Various | Coode Software | Microsoft | Apple Inc. | Bare Bones Software, Inc. |
| FOSS | No; Proprietary | No; Proprietary | No; Proprietary | Yes; GPLv3 | No; Proprietary | No; Proprietary | Yes; Revised BSD license | No; Proprietary | Yes; GPLv3 | No; Proprietary | No; Proprietary | No; Proprietary | No; Proprietary |
| Free | No | No | No | Yes | Yes; Part of OS | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes; Part of Platform SDK | Yes; (part of Apple Developer Tools) | Yes; with TextWrangler |
| date | 1996 | 2000 | 2001 | 2008 | 1987 | 1998 | 1996 | 2009 | 2010 | 1992 | 1993 | ||
| Year of latest stable version | 2019-12-2 (v4.3.3) | 2019-10-01 (v11.11) | 2019-08-20 (2019.2.1) | 2019-09-16 (v10.16) | 2017-09-23 (v 9.0.1.6) | 2017-08-07 (v3.0 build 5000) | 2016-11-23 (v9.00) | 2015-01-06 (1.5.6.6) | 2014-11-12 (2.21.2.0) | 2002-08-16 (v5.00.2195.6601) | 2014 (v2.8) | 2012 (1.0 (v22)) | |
| Windows | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes (DOS) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No |
| Macintosh | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| Linux | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No | No |
| Other platforms | Anything with Java | No | No | ||||||||||
| Max Supported File Size | > 2GB (64 bits) | > 2GB | |||||||||||
| Show in-line changes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes (Via plugin) | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
| Directory comparison | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
| Binary comparison | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | |||
| Moved lines | No | No | Yes | Yes (Via plugin) | No | Yes | Yes | ||||||
| 3-way comparison | Yes (Files and Folders) | Yes | Yes | No | Yes (ExamDiff Pro Master only) | No | No | No | Yes | No | Yes (optional ancestor) | ||
| Merge | Yes (Pro only) | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | ||
| Structured comparison | No | No | Yes (C/C++,C#,Java,Javascript,CSS3) | ||||||||||
| Manual compare alignment | Yes | Yes | Yes | manual synchronization | resync comparison | ||||||||
| Image Compare | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | |||||||||
| GUI | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
| CLI | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |||
| Scripting | Yes | Java API | Yes | ||||||||||
| Horizontal / Vertical | Both | Both | Vertical | Horizontal | optional | Both | Both | Both | Horizontal | Vertical | |||
| Syntax Highlighting | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | |||
| Reports | XML, HTML, CSV, Text, Unix Patch | HTML, Text, Unix Patch | UNIX, HTML, Diff | No | No | No | HTML, Text(combined or side-by-side) | Text | No | ||||
| ZIP support | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | No | |||
| FTP support | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | supported by OS | ||||
| SFTP support | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||||
| Version Control browsing | SVN | Yes | No | No | Git, Subversion (compare against base) | SVN, CVS, Git, Microsoft TFS, Perforce, VSS using command line | |||||||
| Patch creation | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | normal diff only | No | No | No | No | No | |||
| Patch application | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | |||||||
| Patch preview | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | |||||||
| Unicode support | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | |||
| XML-aware | No | No | No | No | |||||||||
| Filename casing | Yes | filesystem dependent | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | No | ||||
| CRC | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | No | ||||||
| Filedate | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Optional | No | Yes | when different | No | ||||
| Daylight saving | Yes | Yes | No | Yes (in synchronize only) | Yes | ||||||||
| Character casing | Yes | Yes | Optional | Yes | Yes | Optional | Yes | Yes | Optional | Optional |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diff#Free_file_comparison_tools
3. 更多相关
9款最佳的Linux文件比较工具
https://www.cnblogs.com/logsharing/p/7986825.html
diff, colordiff -, wdiff -;
vimdiff; kompare; diffmerge -;
meld; diffuse -; xxdiff -; kdiff3 -; tkdiff;
linux下文件对比工具详解（diff、diff3、sdiff、vimdiff和comm）
https://blog.csdn.net/MiltonZhong/article/details/9670771
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_(disambiguation)
文件同步软件比较
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_synchronization_software
磁盘克隆软件比较
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_disk_cloning_software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_disc_image_software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_online_backup_services
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Software_comparisons
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:File_comparison_tools
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Comparison_shopping_websites
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_comparison_service
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite_difference
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/差分