笔者所使用的环境为rhel5.6准备工作:开发环境为默认装出来后安装以下4个组1、yum安装以下开发所用到的rpm包组:
Development Libraries Development Tools Legacy Software Development X Software Development
2、关闭sendmail,并将它的随系统自动启动功能关闭:
# service sendmail stop # chkconfig sendmail off
3、安装所需的rpm包,这包括以下这些: httpd, php, php-mysql, mysql, mysql-server, mysql-devel, openssl-devel, dovecot, perl-DBD-MySQL, tcl, tcl-devel, libart_lgpl, libart_lgpl-devel, libtool-ltdl, libtool-ltdl-devel, expect
有同学会问到,怎么不直接yum把postfix装上,rhel5.6红帽整合的postfix的rpm包默认不支持mysql的认证功能的,要想实现则需要重新编译安装。
4、启动mysql数据库,并给mysql的root用户设置密码: # service mysqld start # chkconfig mysqld on # mysqladmin -uroot password 'your_password' 5、启动saslauthd服务,并将其加入到自动启动队列: # service saslauthd start # chkconfig saslauthd on
二、安装配置postfix
# groupadd -g 2525 postfix # useradd -g postfix -u 2525 -s /sbin/nologin -M postfix # groupadd -g 2526 postdrop # useradd -g postdrop -u 2526 -s /bin/false -M postdrop # tar zxvf postfix-2.6.5.tar.gz # cd postfix-2.6.5 # make makefiles 'CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/include/mysql -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl -DUSE_TLS ' 'AUXLIBS=-L/usr/lib/mysql -lmysqlclient -lz -lm -L/usr/lib/sasl2 -lsasl2 -lssl -lcrypto' # make # make install 按照以下的提示输入相关的路径([]号中的是缺省值,”]”后的是输入值,省略的表示采用默认值) install_root: [/] / tempdir: [/usr/local/src/ postfix-2.6.5] /tmp config_directory: [/etc/postfix] /etc/postfix daemon_directory: [/usr/libexec/postfix] command_directory: [/usr/sbin] queue_directory: [/var/spool/postfix] sendmail_path: [/usr/sbin/sendmail] newaliases_path: [/usr/bin/newaliases] mailq_path: [/usr/bin/mailq] mail_owner: [postfix] setgid_group: [postdrop] html_directory: [no] /var/www/postfix_html manpages: [/usr/local/man] readme_directory: [no] 生成别名二进制文件,这个步骤如果忽略,会造成postfix效率极低: # newaliases 2.进行一些基本配置,测试启动postfix并进行发信 #vi /etc/postfix/main.cf 修改以下几项为您需要的配置 myhostname = mail.test.com myorigin = test.com mydomain = test.com mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost, $mydomain mynetworks = 192.168.1.0/24, 127.0.0.0/8 说明: myorigin参数用来指明发件人所在的域名; mydestination参数指定postfix接收邮件时收件人的域名,即您的postfix系统要接收到哪个域名的邮件; myhostname 参数指定运行postfix邮件系统的主机的主机名,默认情况下,其值被设定为本地机器名; mydomain参数指定您的域名,默认情况下,postfix将myhostname的第一部分删除而作为mydomain的值; mynetworks 参数指定你所在的网络的网络地址,postfix系统根据其值来区别用户是远程的还是本地的,如果是本地网络用户则允许其访问; inet_interfaces 参数指定postfix系统监听的网络接口;
注意: 1、在postfix的配置文件中,参数行和注释行是不能处在同一行中的; 2、任何一个参数的值都不需要加引号,否则,引号将会被当作参数值的一部分来使用; 3、每修改参数及其值后执行 postfix reload 即可令其生效;但若修改了inet_interfaces,则需重新启动postfix; 4、如果一个参数的值有多个,可以将它们放在不同的行中,只需要在其后的每个行前多置一个空格即可;postfix会把第一个字符为空格或tab的文本行视为上一行的延续;
启动postfix /usr/local/postfix/sbin/postfix start 连接postfix,验正服务启动状况: # telnet localhost 25 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1). Escape character is '^]'. 220 mail.test.com ESMTP Postfix ehlo mail.test.com 250-mail.test.com 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250 DSN mail from:root@test.com 250 2.1.0 Ok rcpt to:redhat@test.com 250 2.1.5 Ok data 354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> subject:Mail test! Mail test!!! . 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as AB94A1A561 quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host. 切换到redhat用户进行收信: # su - redhat $ mail Mail version 8.1 6/6/93. Type ? for help. "/var/spool/mail/redhat": 1 message 1 new >N 1 root@test.com Wed Sep 5 10:59 15/488 "Mail test!" & 三、为postfix开启基于cyrus-sasl的认证功能 使用以下命令验正postfix是否支持cyrus风格的sasl认证,如果您的输出为以下结果,则是支持的: # /usr/local/postfix/sbin/postconf -a cyrus dovecot #vi /etc/postfix/main.cf 添加以下内容: ############################CYRUS-SASL############################ broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_invalid_hostname,reject_non_fqdn_hostname,reject_unknown_sender_domain,reject_non_fqdn_sender,reject_non_fqdn_recipient,reject_unknown_recipient_domain,reject_unauth_pipelining,reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_application_name = smtpd smtpd_banner = Welcome to our $myhostname ESMTP,Warning: Version not Available! #vi /usr/local/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf 添加如下内容: pwcheck_method: saslauthd mech_list: PLAIN LOGIN 让postfix重新加载配置文件 #/usr/local/postfix/sbin/postfix reload # telnet localhost 25 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1). Escape character is '^]'. 220 Welcome to our mail.test.com ESMTP,Warning: Version not Available! ehlo mail.test.com 250-mail.test.com 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN 250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN (请确保您的输出以类似两行) 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250 DSN 四、安装Courier authentication library # tar jxvf courier-authlib-0.62.4.tar.bz2 # cd courier-authlib-0.62.4 #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/courier-authlib --sysconfdir=/etc --with-authmysql --with-mysql-libs=/usr/lib/mysql --with-mysql-includes=/usr/include/mysql --with-redhat --with-authmysqlrc=/etc/authmysqlrc --with-authdaemonrc=/etc/authdaemonrc --with-ltdl-lib=/usr/lib --with-ltdl-include=/usr/include # make # make install # chmod 755 /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon # cp /etc/authdaemonrc.dist /etc/authdaemonrc # cp /etc/authmysqlrc.dist /etc/authmysqlrc 修改/etc/authdaemonrc 文件 authmodulelist="authmysql" authmodulelistorig="authmysql" daemons=10 编辑/etc/authmysqlrc 为以下内容,其中2525,2525 为postfix 用户的UID和GID。 MYSQL_SERVER localhost MYSQL_PORT 3306 (指定你的mysql监听的端口,这里使用默认的3306)
MYSQL_USERNAME extmail (这时为后文要用的数据库的所有者的用户名)
MYSQL_PASSWORD extmail (密码) MYSQL_SOCKET /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock MYSQL_DATABASE extmail MYSQL_USER_TABLE mailbox MYSQL_CRYPT_PWFIELD password MYSQL_UID_FIELD '2525' MYSQL_GID_FIELD '2525' MYSQL_LOGIN_FIELD username MYSQL_HOME_FIELD concat('/var/mailbox/',homedir) MYSQL_NAME_FIELD name MYSQL_MAILDIR_FIELD concat('/var/mailbox/',maildir) # cp courier-authlib.sysvinit /etc/init.d/courier-authlib # chmod 755 /etc/init.d/courier-authlib # chkconfig --add courier-authlib # chkconfig --level 2345 courier-authlib on #echo "/usr/local/courier-authlib/lib/courier-authlib" >> /etc/ld.so.conf.d/courier-authlib.conf # ldconfig -v # service courier-authlib start (启动服务) 新建虚拟用户邮箱所在的目录,并将其权限赋予postfix用户: #mkdir –pv /var/mailbox #chown –R postfix /var/mailbox 接下来重新配置SMTP 认证,编辑 /usr/local/lib/sasl2/smtpd.conf ,确保其为以下内容: pwcheck_method: authdaemond log_level: 3 mech_list:PLAIN LOGIN authdaemond_path:/usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket 五、让postfix支持虚拟域和虚拟用户 1、编辑/etc/postfix/main.cf,添加如下内容: ########################Virtual Mailbox Settings######################## virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mailbox virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf virtual_alias_domains = virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf virtual_uid_maps = static:2525 virtual_gid_maps = static:2525 virtual_transport = virtual maildrop_destination_recipient_limit = 1 maildrop_destination_concurrency_limit = 1 ##########################QUOTA Settings######################## message_size_limit = 14336000 virtual_mailbox_limit = 20971520 virtual_create_maildirsize = yes virtual_mailbox_extended = yes virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf virtual_mailbox_limit_override = yes virtual_maildir_limit_message = Sorry, the user's maildir has overdrawn his diskspace quota, please Tidy your mailbox and try again later. virtual_overquota_bounce = yes 2、使用extman源码目录下docs目录中的extmail.sql和init.sql建立数据库: # tar zxvf extman-1.1.tar.gz # cd extman-1.1/docs # mysql -u root -p <extmail.sql # mysql -u root -p <init.sql # cp mysql* /etc/postfix/ 3、授予用户extmail访问extmail数据库的权限
mysql> GRANT all privileges on extmail.* TO extmail@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'extmail';
mysql> GRANT all privileges on extmail.* TO extmail@127.0.0.1 IDENTIFIED BY 'extmail'; 说明:启用虚拟域以后,需要取消中心域,即注释掉myhostname, mydestination, mydomain, myorigin几个指令;当然,你也可以把mydestionation的值改为你自己需要的。 六、配置dovecot # vi /etc/dovecot.conf mail_location = maildir:/var/mailbox/%d/%n/Maildir …… auth default { mechanisms = plain passdb sql { args = /etc/dovecot-mysql.conf } userdb sql { args = /etc/dovecot-mysql.conf } …… # vi /etc/dovecot-mysql.conf driver = mysql connect = host=localhost dbname=extmail user=extmail password=extmail default_pass_scheme = CRYPT password_query = SELECT username AS user,password AS password FROM mailbox WHERE username = '%u' user_query = SELECT maildir, uidnumber AS uid, gidnumber AS gid FROM mailbox WHERE username = '%u' 接下来启动dovecot服务: # service dovecot start # chkconfig dovecot on 七、安装Extmail-1.2 1、安装 # tar zxvf extmail-1.2.tar.gz # mkdir -pv /var/www/extsuite # mv extmail-1.2 /var/www/extsuite/extmail # cp /var/www/extsuite/extmail/webmail.cf.default /var/www/extsuite/extmail/webmail.cf 2、修改主配置文件 #vi /var/www/extsuite/extmail/webmail.cf 部分修改选项的说明: SYS_MESSAGE_SIZE_LIMIT = 5242880 用户可以发送的最大邮件 SYS_USER_LANG = en_US 语言选项,可改作: SYS_USER_LANG = zh_CN SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /home/domains 此处即为您在前文所设置的用户邮件的存放目录,可改作: SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /var/mailbox SYS_MYSQL_USER = db_user SYS_MYSQL_PASS = db_pass 以上两句句用来设置连接数据库服务器所使用用户名、密码和邮件服务器用到的数据库,这里修改为: SYS_MYSQL_USER = extmail SYS_MYSQL_PASS = extmail SYS_MYSQL_HOST = localhost 指明数据库服务器主机名,这里默认即可 SYS_MYSQL_TABLE = mailbox SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_USERNAME = username SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_DOMAIN = domain SYS_MYSQL_ATTR_PASSWD = password 以上用来指定验正用户登录里所用到的表,以及用户名、域名和用户密码分别对应的表中列的名称;这里默认即可
SYS_AUTHLIB_SOCKET = /var/spool/authdaemon/socket 此句用来指明authdaemo socket文件的位置,这里修改为: SYS_AUTHLIB_SOCKET = /usr/local/courier-authlib/var/spool/authdaemon/socket 3、apache相关配置 由于extmail要进行本地邮件的投递操作,故必须将运行apache服务器用户的身份修改为您的邮件投递代理的用户;本例中打开了apache服务器的suexec功能,故使用以下方法来实现虚拟主机运行身份的指定。此例中的MDA为postfix自带,因此将指定为postfix用户: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName mail.test.com DocumentRoot /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/ ScriptAlias /extmail/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi Alias /extmail /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html SuexecUserGroup postfix postfix </VirtualHost> 修改 cgi执行文件属主为apache运行身份用户:
# chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi/ 如果您没有打开apache服务器的suexec功能,也可以使用以下方法解决: # vi /etc/httpd/httpd.conf User postfix Group postfix <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName mail.test.com DocumentRoot /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html/ ScriptAlias /extmail/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extmail/cgi Alias /extmail /var/www/extsuite/extmail/html </VirtualHost> 4、依赖关系的解决 extmail将会用到perl的Unix::syslogd功能,您可以去http://search.cpan.org搜索下载原码包进行安装。 # tar zxvf Unix-Syslog-0.100.tar.gz # cd Unix-Syslog-0.100 # perl Makefile.PL # make # make install 5、启动apache服务 # service httpd start # chkconfig httpd on 八、安装Extman-1.1 1、安装及基本配置 # tar zxvf extman-1.1.tar.gz # mv extman-1.1 /var/www/extsuite/extman 修改配置文件以符合本例的需要: # cp /var/www/extsuite/extman/webman.cf.default /var/www/extsuite/extman/webman.cf # vi /var/www/extsuite/extman/webman.cf SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /home/domains 此处即为您在前文所设置的用户邮件的存放目录,可改作: SYS_MAILDIR_BASE = /var/mailbox 修改cgi目录的属主: # chown -R postfix.postfix /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi/ 在apache的主配置文件中Extmail的虚拟主机部分,添加如下两行: ScriptAlias /extman/cgi /var/www/extsuite/extman/cgi Alias /extman /var/www/extsuite/extman/html 创建其运行时所需的临时目录,并修改其相应的权限: #mkdir -pv /tmp/extman #chown postfix.postfix /tmp/extman 修改 SYS_CAPTCHA_ON = 1 为 SYS_CAPTCHA_ON = 0 好了,到此为止,重新启动apache服务器后,您的Webmail和Extman已经可以使用了,可以在浏览器中输入指定的虚拟主机的名称进行访问,如下: http://mail.test.com 选择管理即可登入extman进行后台管理了。默认管理帐号为:root@extmail.org 密码为:extmail*123*
这是登陆界面,需要先用管理员账号在管理员登陆页面登陆后添加个域,然后注册登陆
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注册2个账号 相互发封邮件试试,可以收到那就祝贺了。。配置成功
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登陆mysql看一下相关的数据库信息,有数据,则表明整个认证机制是基于mysql数据库实现的。
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如果想实现图形日志功能,则继续下面配置
说明: (1) 如果您安装后无法正常显示校验码,安装perl-GD模块会解决这个问题。如果想简单,您可以到以下地址下载适合您的平台的rpm包,安装即可:
http://dries.ulyssis.org/rpm/packages/perl-GD/info.html
(2) extman-1.1自带了图形化显示日志的功能;此功能需要rrdtool的支持,您需要安装此些模块才可能正常显示图形日志。 2、配置Mailgraph_ext,使用Extman的图形日志:(下面所需的软件包面要自己下载) 接下来安装图形日志的运行所需要的软件包Time::HiRes、File::Tail和rrdtool,其中前两个包您可以去http://search.cpan.org搜索并下载获得,后一个包您可以到 http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/?M=D下载获得; 注意安装顺序不能改换。 安装Time::HiRes #tar zxvf Time-HiRes-1.9707.tar.gz #cd Time-HiRes-1.9707 #perl Makefile.PL #make #make test #make install 安装File::Tail #tar zxvf File-Tail-0.99.3.tar.gz #cd File-Tail-0.99.3 #perl Makefile #make #make test #make install 安装rrdtool-1.2.23 #tar zxvf rrdtool-1.2.23.tar.gz #cd rrdtool-1.2.23 #./configure --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool #make #make install 创建必要的符号链接(Extman会到这些路径下找相关的库文件) #ln -sv /usr/local/rrdtool/lib/perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/RRDs/RRDs.so /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/ #ln -sv /usr/local/rrdtool/lib/perl/5.8.5/RRDp.pm /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5 #ln -sv /usr/local/rrdtool/lib/perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi/RRDs.pm /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.5 复制mailgraph_ext到/usr/local,并启动之 # cp -r /var/www/extsuite/extman/addon/mailgraph_ext /usr/local # /usr/local/mailgraph_ext/mailgraph-init start 启动cmdserver(在后台显示系统信息) # /var/www/extsuite/extman/daemon/cmdserver --daemon 添加到自动启动队列 # echo “/usr/local/mailgraph_ext/mailgraph-init start” >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local # echo “/var/www/extsuite/extman/daemon/cmdserver -v -d” >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local 使用方法: 等待大约15分钟左右,如果邮件系统有一定的流量,即可登陆到extman里,点“图形日志”即可看到图形化的日志。具体每天,周,月,年的则点击相应的图片进入即可。 smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_invalid_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_hostname, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_non_fqdn_recipient, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_unauth_destination postconf -e "smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/client_access, reject_rbl_client sbl.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client relays.ordb.org, reject_rbl_client opm.blitzed.org, reject_rbl_client list.dsbl.org,reject_rbl_client cbl.abuseat.org, reject_rbl_client dul.dnsbl.sorbs.net, reject_rbl_client dun.dnsrbl.net" postconf -e "smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/sender_access, reject_non_fqdn_sender, reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_rhsbl_sender relays.ordb.org, reject_rhsbl_sender opm.blitzed.org, reject_rhsbl_sender dun.dnsrbl.net" X5O!P%@AP[4\PZX54(P^)7CC)7}$EICAR-STANDARD-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE!$H+H* Make sure the e-mail contains this string in the body, and that it’s the only thing there. This is known as the EICAR test string. All Anti-Virus software should detect this as a virus (but of course, it’s not. It’s used for testing only.)