【GIS部署系列】3、CentOS 7下载OpenStreetMap并导入PostgreSQL（ArcGIS、Mapnik、geoserver、osm2pgsql、TileMill）

1、下载地图

到OpenStreetMap官网下载地图数据

官网链接： https://planet.openstreetmap.org/

中国地图下载链接： http://download.geofabrik.de/asia/china.html

我下载“china-latest.osm.pbf”这文件，存为：/tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf

2、安装osm2pgsql

参考官方库： https://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql

先安装依赖库

sudo yum -y install epel-release

sudo yum install -y postgresql10-devel

sudo yum install -y cmake make gcc-c++ boost-devel expat-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel proj-devel proj-epsg lua-devel

拉取源码

git clone git://github.com/openstreetmap/osm2pgsql.git

进入osm2pgsql 目录，执行下面指令：

mkdir build && cd build

cmake ..

make

sudo make install

上面“cmake ..”如果报“Could NOT find PostgreSQL (missing: PostgreSQL_LIBRARY_DIRS”之类的，

则把“cmake ..”换成下面语句：（参见： https://github.com/eulerto/pgquarrel/issues/27 ）

cmake .. -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/pgsql-10

（上面 “/usr/pgsql-10” 换成你的实际路径）

3、导入地图数据

创建数据库chinaosm

# su postgres

createdb chinaosm

启用一些扩展

psql -d chinaosm -c 'CREATE EXTENSION postgis; CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology; CREATE EXTENSION ogr_fdw; CREATE EXTENSION hstore;'

导入数据到chinaosm库

osm2pgsql --create --database chinaosm /tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf

上面语句出现错误“Node cache size is too small to fit all nodes. Please increase cache size”，

则添加“-C”参数，例如：

osm2pgsql --create --database chinaosm -C 5000  /tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf

导入过程可能比较久，我开着电脑一晚上，应该导入成功了，下面是执行过程信息：

bash-4.2$ osm2pgsql --create --database chinaosm -C 5000 /tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf

osm2pgsql version 0.96.0 (64 bit id space)

Using built-in tag processing pipeline

Using projection SRS 3857 (Spherical Mercator)

Setting up table: planet_osm_point

Setting up table: planet_osm_line

Setting up table: planet_osm_polygon

Setting up table: planet_osm_roads

Allocating memory for dense node cache

Allocating dense node cache in one big chunk

Allocating memory for sparse node cache

Sharing dense sparse

Node-cache: cache=5000MB, maxblocks=80000*65536, allocation method=3

Reading in file: /tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf

Using PBF parser.

Processing: Node(57980k 2520.9k/s) Way(4236k 17.36k/s) Relation(48000 46.02/s)  parse time: 1311s

Node stats: total(57980764), max(5734941590) in 23s

Way stats: total(4236740), max(604382393) in 244s

Relation stats: total(48052), max(8423110) in 1044s

Committing transaction for planet_osm_point

Committing transaction for planet_osm_line

Committing transaction for planet_osm_polygon

Committing transaction for planet_osm_roads

Using built-in tag processing pipeline

Going over pending ways...

    1709004 ways are pending

Using 1 helper-processes

Finished processing 1709004 ways in 916 s

1709004 Pending ways took 916s at a rate of 1865.72/s

Committing transaction for planet_osm_point

Committing transaction for planet_osm_line

Committing transaction for planet_osm_polygon

Committing transaction for planet_osm_roads

Going over pending relations...

    0 relations are pending

Using 1 helper-processes

Finished processing 0 relations in 0 s

Committing transaction for planet_osm_point

警告:  没有事物在运行中

Committing transaction for planet_osm_line

警告:  没有事物在运行中

Committing transaction for planet_osm_polygon

警告:  没有事物在运行中

Committing transaction for planet_osm_roads

警告:  没有事物在运行中

Sorting data and creating indexes for planet_osm_point

node cache: stored: 57980764(100.00%), storage efficiency: 50.42% (dense blocks: 438, sparse nodes: 55701723), hit rate: 100.00%

Copying planet_osm_point to cluster by geometry finished

Creating geometry index on planet_osm_point

Creating indexes on planet_osm_point finished

All indexes on planet_osm_point created in 64s

Completed planet_osm_point

Sorting data and creating indexes for planet_osm_line

Copying planet_osm_line to cluster by geometry finished

Creating geometry index on planet_osm_line

Creating indexes on planet_osm_line finished

All indexes on planet_osm_line created in 451s

Completed planet_osm_line

Sorting data and creating indexes for planet_osm_polygon

注意:  Self-intersection at or near point 13317174.283909315 3548338.7420334821

注意:  Self-intersection at or near point 11985875.572086383 4115611.18050856

Copying planet_osm_polygon to cluster by geometry finished

Creating geometry index on planet_osm_polygon

Creating indexes on planet_osm_polygon finished

All indexes on planet_osm_polygon created in 252s

Completed planet_osm_polygon

Sorting data and creating indexes for planet_osm_roads

Copying planet_osm_roads to cluster by geometry finished

Creating geometry index on planet_osm_roads

Creating indexes on planet_osm_roads finished

All indexes on planet_osm_roads created in 125s

Completed planet_osm_roads

Osm2pgsql took 3861s overall

bash-4.2$

4、导入OpenStreetMap-Carto样式

上面步骤做完后，地图数据已经完成导入了，这个Carto样式可以不用导入！

首先下载： https://github.com/gravitystorm/openstreetmap-carto/releases ，

下载后解压，然后进入目录，比如我的是：/tmp/openstreetmap-carto-4.12.1，接着执行下面语句：

osm2pgsql -G --hstore --style openstreetmap-carto.style --tag-transform-script openstreetmap-carto.lua -d chinaosm -C 5000 /tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf

提示：当我做这一步的时候，发现它是又重新导入china-latest.osm.pdf数据，等了半天。。。

（完）