Mac系统下Flutter安装教程
一、下载Flutter
1、第一种方式git repo方式:
执行下列命令下载最新的flutter代码（系统请先安装Git）
git clone -b beta https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
2、第二种方式Flutter官网下载：
https://docs.flutter.dev/development/tools/sdk/releases?tab=macos
二、安装：android Studio
下载地址：https://developer.android.google.cn/studio
三、安装Xcode，直接前往App Store下载安装即可。
四、安装flutter，环境配置，依赖项检查
1、永久的将flutter添加到path中：
1.1、在用户文件夹下找到.bash_profile文件，如果没有就创建一个（如果有 1.1.1此步骤忽略）;
1.1.1、.bash_profile文件创建方法如下：
（1）终端执行：touch .bash_profile
（2）打开文件：open .bash_profile
（3）更新配置，文件才能生效：source .bash_profile
1.2、将下面三个export拷贝到.bash_profile文件中：
export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn
export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn
export PATH=/Users/chengxinsong/Desktop/Tool/flutter/bin:$PATH
// 备注：chengxinsong是你电脑的名称（记得替换）；/Users/chengxinsong/Desktop/Tool/是Flutter的安装路径
1.3、添加保存后，执行下列命令刷新终端：
source $HOME/.bash_profile
1.4、如果你的系统使用的是zsh（即终端最顶部显示的-zsh），却用了.bash_profile文件，终端启动时.bash_profile文件 将不会被加载，
解决办法就是修改 .zshrc文件(终端打开方式：open ~/.zshrc) ，在其中添加：source ~/.bash_profile
1.5、运行下列命令检查flutter是否已经安装成功：
flutter -v
1.6、检查flutter的依赖项命令
flutter doctor
1.7、前边所有步骤均没问题话，运行flutter doctor后会出现如下输出：
╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ Welcome to Flutter! - https://flutter.dev ║
║ ║
║ The Flutter tool uses Google Analytics to anonymously report feature usage ║
║ statistics and basic crash reports. This data is used to help improve ║
║ Flutter tools over time. ║
║ ║
║ Flutter tool analytics are not sent on the very first run. To disable ║
║ reporting, type 'flutter config --no-analytics'. To display the current ║
║ setting, type 'flutter config'. If you opt out of analytics, an opt-out ║
║ event will be sent, and then no further information will be sent by the ║
║ Flutter tool. ║
║ ║
║ By downloading the Flutter SDK, you agree to the Google Terms of Service. ║
║ Note: The Google Privacy Policy describes how data is handled in this ║
║ service. ║
║ ║
║ Moreover, Flutter includes the Dart SDK, which may send usage metrics and ║
║ crash reports to Google. ║
║ ║
║ Read about data we send with crash reports: ║
║ https://flutter.dev/docs/reference/crash-reporting ║
║ ║
║ See Google's privacy policy: ║
║ https://policies.google.com/privacy ║
╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://storage.flutter-io.cn. Make sure
you trust this source!
Running "flutter pub get" in flutter_tools... 8.9s
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.3.8, on macOS 12.2.1 21D62 darwin-x64, locale
zh-Hans-CN)
[✗] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices
✗ Unable to locate Android SDK.
Install Android Studio from:
https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
On first launch it will assist you in installing the Android SDK
components.
(or visit https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/macos#android-setup
for detailed instructions).
If the Android SDK has been installed to a custom location, please use
`flutter config --android-sdk` to update to that location.
[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 13.3)
[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
[!] Android Studio (not installed)
[✓] Connected device (3 available)
! Error: lwy is busy: Fetching debug symbols for lwy. Xcode will continue
when lwy is finished. (code -10)
[✓] HTTP Host Availability
! Doctor found issues in 2 categories.
1.7.1、如果出现：Flutter 环境配置提示 cmdline-tools component is missing
解决办法：启动 android studio工具
-> 在一开始打开的右下角找到Configure
-> 进入SDK Manager
-> 取消右下角的 Hide Obselete Packages的勾选
-> 选择SDK Tools,在这里把缺少的tool勾选上一并安装上
1.7.2、如果出现：Some Android licenses not accepted. To resolve this, run: flutter doctor --android-licenses
解决办法：终端直接输入 flutter doctor --android-licenses
1.7.3、如果以上均没有问题后，则只需根据终端的提示输入 y 即可
1.7.4、以上步骤都走完后：检测Flutter的安装情况：flutter doctor
1.7.5、如果以上均没有问题会有如下输出：
mr.lv@MrlvdeMacBook-Pro ~ % flutter doctor
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.3.8, on macOS 12.2.1 21D62 darwin-x64, locale zh-Hans-CN)
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.0)
[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 13.3)
[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
[✓] Android Studio (version 4.1)
[✓] Connected device (3 available)
[✓] HTTP Host Availability
• No issues found!
2、如果习惯使用VSCode开发Flutter的话，需要再安装VSCode工具
下载地址：https://code.visualstudio.com/ 【此安装包会自动弹出汉化安装】
或者：https://code.visualstudio.com/download
2.1、Dart官网：https://dart.dev/
2.2、Dart环境官方文档：https://dart.dev/get-dart
2.3、安装 Homebrew 检测是否安装brew，执行命令 brew -v，
如果安装了，就执行 2.4,
如果没安装先安装：https://brew.sh
即：将 /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
复制到终端执行。
2.4、Dart SDK 安装: 打开终端 依次执行:
brew tap dart-lang/dart
brew install dart
brew info dart
输出：==> Caveats
Please note the path to the Dart SDK:
/usr/local/opt/dart/libexec
备注：dart sdk安装亦可参照此文：https://www.cnblogs.com/strengthen/p/16305014.html
2.5、在VSCode安装 Dart 插件（dart语言提示）
2.6、安装 code runner 插件（可以运行我们的文件）
2.7、安装 Code Spell Checker 插件（拼写检查）
2.7、检测 Dart插件情况：
在终端上输入 dart --version 命令来检测dart是否安装成功，如果出现如下内容则安装成功：
输出：Dart SDK version: 2.18.4 (stable) (Tue Nov 1 15:15:07 2022 +0000) on "macos_x64"
则代表安装成功。
到此，就可以用Dart语言正常进行开发了！