linux zip命令占用内存,linux下多线程压缩命令pigz
一.命令安装
yum install zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ -y
wget http://www.zlib.net/pigz/pigz-2.4.tar.gz
tar xf pigz-2.4.tar.gz
cd pigz-2.4
[root@VM_82_178_centos pigz-2.4]# make
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c -o pigz.o pigz.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c -o yarn.o yarn.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c -o try.o try.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c zopfli/src/zopfli/deflate.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c zopfli/src/zopfli/blocksplitter.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c zopfli/src/zopfli/tree.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c zopfli/src/zopfli/lz77.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c zopfli/src/zopfli/cache.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c zopfli/src/zopfli/hash.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c zopfli/src/zopfli/util.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c zopfli/src/zopfli/squeeze.c
gcc -O3 -Wall -Wextra -Wno-unknown-pragmas -c zopfli/src/zopfli/katajainen.c
gcc -o pigz pigz.o yarn.o try.o deflate.o blocksplitter.o tree.o lz77.o cache.o hash.o util.o squeeze.o katajainen.o -lm -lpthread -lz
ln -f pigz unpigz
[root@VM_82_178_centos pigz-2.4]# echo $?
0
安装成功
二.参数帮助说明
[root@VM_82_178_centos pigz-2.4]# find / -name "pigz"
/root/pigz-2.4/pigz
[root@VM_82_178_centos pigz-2.4]# /root/pigz-2.4/pigz --help
Usage: pigz [options] [files ...]
will compress files in place, adding the suffix '.gz'. If no files are
specified, stdin will be compressed to stdout. pigz does what gzip does,
but spreads the work over multiple processors and cores when compressing.
Options:
-0 to -9, -11 Compression level (level 11, zopfli, is much slower)
--fast, --best Compression levels 1 and 9 respectively
-b, --blocksize mmm Set compression block size to mmmK (default 128K)
-c, --stdout Write all processed output to stdout (won't delete)
-d, --decompress Decompress the compressed input
-f, --force Force overwrite, compress .gz, links, and to terminal
-F --first Do iterations first, before block split for -11
-h, --help Display a help screen and quit
-i, --independent Compress blocks independently for damage recovery
-I, --iterations n Number of iterations for -11 optimization
-J, --maxsplits n Maximum number of split blocks for -11
-k, --keep Do not delete original file after processing
-K, --zip Compress to PKWare zip (.zip) single entry format
-l, --list List the contents of the compressed input
-L, --license Display the pigz license and quit
-m, --no-time Do not store or restore mod time
-M, --time Store or restore mod time
-n, --no-name Do not store or restore file name or mod time
-N, --name Store or restore file name and mod time
-O --oneblock Do not split into smaller blocks for -11
-p, --processes n Allow up to n compression threads (default is the
number of online processors, or 8 if unknown)
-q, --quiet Print no messages, even on error
-r, --recursive Process the contents of all subdirectories
-R, --rsyncable Input-determined block locations for rsync
-S, --suffix .sss Use suffix .sss instead of .gz (for compression)
-t, --test Test the integrity of the compressed input
-v, --verbose Provide more verbose output
-V --version Show the version of pigz
-Y --synchronous Force output file write to permanent storage
-z, --zlib Compress to zlib (.zz) instead of gzip format
-- All arguments after "--" are treated as files
[root@VM_82_178_centos pigz-2.4]#
三.实例演示
说明此命令主要是结合tar命令一起使用的
3.1物理服务器一测试
在4核，16G内存的物理服务器上打包测试
tar 结合pigz压缩使用时间46s：
[root@localhost ~]# time tar cvf - /usr/local/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 |/root/pigz-2.4/pigz -p 4 >mysql.tar.gz
tar: 从成员名中删除开头的“/”
real 0m46.406s
user 2m50.791s
sys 0m7.436s
tar 压缩使用时间2分37秒：
[root@localhost ~]# time tar zcf mysql1.tar.gz /usr/local/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
tar: 从成员名中删除开头的“/”
real 2m37.492s
user 2m36.530s
sys 0m7.730s
压缩出来的结果:
[root@localhost ~]# du -sh mysql1.tar.gz mysql.tar.gz
617M mysql1.tar.gz
616M mysql.tar.gz
3.2物理服务器二测试
在2颗cpu,单颗核心12，内存48G物理机器上测试
[root@localhost pigz-2.4]# cd /data/iplog/
[root@localhost iplog]# du -sh *
3.4G 2018-12-25
3.2G 2018-12-26
3.0G 2018-12-27
2.8G 2018-12-28
2.0G 2018-12-29
2.0G 2018-12-30
445M 2018-12-31
tar命令结合pigz命令指定24核心cpu,进行压缩工作
[root@localhost iplog]# time tar cf - 2018-12-25 |/opt/pigz-2.4/pigz -p 24 > /tmp/2018-12-25.iplog.tar.gz
real 0m3.753s
user 1m31.944s
sys 0m3.950s
使用的时间不到4秒
压缩同样的文件，tar命令结合pigz命令指定6核心cpu,进行压缩工作
[root@localhost iplog]# time tar cf - 2018-12-25 |/opt/pigz-2.4/pigz -p 6 > /tmp/12-25.iplog.tar.gz
real 0m13.462s
user 1m22.719s
sys 0m3.552s
使用的时间不到14秒
使用单独tar命令进行压缩，压缩的时间为1分16秒
[root@localhost iplog]# time tar zcf /tmp/iplog.tar.gz 2018-12-25
real 1m15.811s
user 1m15.124s
sys 0m3.962s
压缩出来的结果：
[root@localhost iplog]# du -sh /tmp/12-25.iplog.tar.gz /tmp/2018-12-25.iplog.tar.gz /tmp/iplog.tar.gz
436M /tmp/12-25.iplog.tar.gz
436M /tmp/2018-12-25.iplog.tar.gz
435M /tmp/iplog.tar.gz
pigz命令使用多cpu线程亚缩效率还是非常的高的
指定压缩级别的参数:
Options:
-0 to -9, -11 Compression level (level 11, zopfli, is much slower)
测试：
[root@localhost iplog]# time tar cf - 2018-12-25 |/opt/pigz-2.4/pigz -4 -p 24 > /tmp/01.iplog.tar.gz
real 0m2.504s
user 1m1.557s
sys 0m3.775s
[root@localhost iplog]# du -sh /tmp/01.iplog.tar.gz
477M /tmp/01.iplog.tar.gz
[root@localhost iplog]# time tar cf - 2018-12-25 |/opt/pigz-2.4/pigz -8 -p 24 > /tmp/02.iplog.tar.gz
real 0m7.569s
user 3m3.478s
sys 0m3.924s
[root@localhost iplog]# du -sh /tmp/02.iplog.tar.gz
415M /tmp/02.iplog.tar.gz
[root@localhost iplog]# time tar cf - 2018-12-25 |/opt/pigz-2.4/pigz -9 -p 24 > /tmp/03.iplog.tar.gz
real 0m11.060s
user 4m27.083s
sys 0m4.148s
[root@localhost iplog]# du -sh /tmp/03.iplog.tar.gz
411M 03.iplog.tar.gz
下面的压缩最耗时，而且也非常消耗CPU,同时压缩比能在tar zcf压缩后的基础上提高16%。所以不建议在有负载的生产机器上采用指定压缩级别的这种方式进行压缩。
[root@localhost iplog]# time tar cf - 2018-12-25 |/opt/pigz-2.4/pigz -11 -p 24 > /tmp/04.iplog.tar.gz
real 18m52.560s
user 445m34.734s
sys 7m22.034s
[root@localhost iplog]# du -sh /tmp/04.iplog.tar.gz
367M /tmp/04.iplog.tar.gz
比较压缩结果：
[root@localhost ~]# du -sh /tmp/*.iplog.tar.gz
477M /tmp/01.iplog.tar.gz
415M /tmp/02.iplog.tar.gz
411M /tmp/03.iplog.tar.gz
367M /tmp/04.iplog.tar.gz
436M /tmp/12-25.iplog.tar.gz
436M /tmp/2018-12-25.iplog.tar.gz
上述的压缩文件都采用tar xf解压
[root@localhost tmp]# tar xf 04.iplog.tar.gz
[root@localhost tmp]# du -sh *
3.4G 2018-12-25
[root@localhost tmp]# time tar cf - 2018-12-25 |/opt/pigz-2.4/pigz -9 -K -p 24 > /tmp/iplog.tgz
[root@localhost tmp]# /opt/pigz-2.4/pigz -d iplog.tgz
解压出来的文件是tar包，所以在采用tar xf 来解压
[root@localhost tmp]# /opt/pigz-2.4/pigz -d iplog.tgz
[root@localhost tmp]# ll iplog.tar
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3619717120 12月 31 09:33 iplog.tar
[root@localhost tmp]# du -sh iplog.tar
3.4G iplog.tar
[root@localhost tmp]# tar xf iplog.tar
[root@localhost tmp]# du -sh *
3.4G 2018-12-25
3.4G iplog.tar
到此简单演示完毕