以下是CentOS7中7za的使用实例,CentOS下安装p7zip可以参考此文
[root@localhost ~]# 7za
7-Zip (a) [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU x64)
Usage: 7za <command> [<switches>...] <archive_name> [<file_names>...]
[<@listfiles...>]
<Commands>
a : Add files to archive
b : Benchmark
d : Delete files from archive
e : Extract files from archive (without using directory names)
h : Calculate hash values for files
i : Show information about supported formats
l : List contents of archive
rn : Rename files in archive
t : Test integrity of archive
u : Update files to archive
x : eXtract files with full paths
<Switches>
-- : Stop switches parsing
-ai[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : Include archives
-ax[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : eXclude archives
-ao{a|s|t|u} : set Overwrite mode
-an : disable archive_name field
-bb[0-3] : set output log level
-bd : disable progress indicator
-bs{o|e|p}{0|1|2} : set output stream for output/error/progress line
-bt : show execution time statistics
-i[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : Include filenames
-m{Parameters} : set compression Method
-mmt[N] : set number of CPU threads
-o{Directory} : set Output directory
-p{Password} : set Password
-r[-|0] : Recurse subdirectories
-sa{a|e|s} : set Archive name mode
-scc{UTF-8|WIN|DOS} : set charset for for console input/output
-scs{UTF-8|UTF-16LE|UTF-16BE|WIN|DOS|{id}} : set charset for list files
-scrc[CRC32|CRC64|SHA1|SHA256|*] : set hash function for x, e, h commands
-sdel : delete files after compression
-seml[.] : send archive by email
-sfx[{name}] : Create SFX archive
-si[{name}] : read data from stdin
-slp : set Large Pages mode
-slt : show technical information for l (List) command
-snh : store hard links as links
-snl : store symbolic links as links
-sni : store NT security information
-sns[-] : store NTFS alternate streams
-so : write data to stdout
-spd : disable wildcard matching for file names
-spe : eliminate duplication of root folder for extract command
-spf : use fully qualified file paths
-ssc[-] : set sensitive case mode
-ssw : compress shared files
-stl : set archive timestamp from the most recently modified file
-stm{HexMask} : set CPU thread affinity mask (hexadecimal number)
-stx{Type} : exclude archive type
-t{Type} : Set type of archive
-u[-][p#][q#][r#][x#][y#][z#][!newArchiveName] : Update options
-v{Size}[b|k|m|g] : Create volumes
-w[{path}] : assign Work directory. Empty path means a temporary directory
-x[r[-|0]]{@listfile|!wildcard} : eXclude filenames
-y : assume Yes on all queries
压缩文档
[root@localhost oneinstack]# du -sh ##当前目录大小
1.8M .
[root@localhost oneinstack]# 7za a oi.7z * ##将当前目录所有文件压缩保存为oi.7z
7-Zip (a) [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU x64)
Scanning the drive:
7 folders, 128 files, 1541017 bytes (1505 KiB)
Creating archive: oi.7z
Items to compress: 135
Files read from disk: 128
Archive size: 131726 bytes (129 KiB)
Everything is Ok
[root@localhost oneinstack]# ls -lh oi.7z ###压缩后大小
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 129K Jun 16 15:59 oi.7z
p7zip默认使用7z格式，当然它还支持一些通用的压缩格式，如7z, lzma, cab, zip, gzip, bzip2, Z 和tar等等……
解压缩
解压缩有两个参数可用，e和x
e解压到当前目录，不使用压缩包的目录名
[root@localhost test]# 7za -e mx9.7z
[root@localhost test]# tree
.
├── gor
├── gor.exe
├── linux32
├── linux64
├── linuxarm
├── mx9.7z
├── win32
└── win64
x按照压缩包内文档结构进行解压，一般这个使用这个参数较多
[root@localhost test]# 7za x mx9.7z
[root@localhost test]# tree .
.
├── gor370
│ ├── linux32
│ │ └── gor
│ ├── linux64
│ ├── linuxarm
│ │ └── gor
│ ├── win32
│ │ └── gor.exe
│ └── win64
│ └── gor.exe
└── mx9.7z
格式设置
使用-t参数来指定压缩格式，使用如下：
7z a -tzip archive.zip *.txt
将当前目录下所有txt文件打包压缩为archive.zip
7z t -t7z.split archive.7z.001
测试archive.7z.001中的所有文件，同时还支持多7z存档。
7z x -t# sfxarchive.exe
使用解析模式提取sfxarchive.exe文件
7z x -tiso archive.iso
以ISO存档模式解压archive.iso文件
7z x -tudf archive.iso
以UDF存档模式解压archive.iso文件，UDF说明在此
压缩模式设置
使用-m参数来设置模式，此项设置与文档类型有关。
7z类型的压缩模式参数：
-mx设置压缩级别，x=[0 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 ]
| 等级 | 模式 | 字典 | FastBytes | MatchFinder | Filter | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | Copy | 无压缩 | ||||
| 1 | LZMA2 | 64 KB | 32 | HC4 | BCJ | 最快压缩 |
| 3 | LZMA2 | 1 MB | 32 | HC4 | BCJk | 快速压缩 |
| 5 | LZMA2 | 16 MB | 32 | BT4 | BCJ | 一般压缩 |
| 7 | LZMA2 | 32 MB | 64 | BT4 | BCJz | 最大压缩 |
| 9 | LZMA2 | 64 MB | 64 | BT4 | BCJ2j | 极致压缩 |
实例如下
[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=0 a mx0.7z gor370/*
[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=1 a mx1.7z gor370/*
[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=3 a mx3.7z gor370/*
[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=5 a mx5.7z gor370/*
[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=7 a mx7.7z gor370/*
[root@localhost ~]#7za -mx=9 a mx9.7z gor370/*
[root@localhost ~]# du -sh gor370/
31M gor370/
[root@localhost ~]# ls -lh m*.7z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31M Jun 16 16:34 mx0.7z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8.0M Jun 16 16:34 mx1.7z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7.8M Jun 16 16:34 mx3.7z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6.6M Jun 16 16:34 mx5.7z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6.5M Jun 16 16:35 mx7.7z
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6.4M Jun 16 16:35 mx9.7z
可以看出压缩级别越高，压缩后的文件体积越小。