Stern allows you to tail
multiple pods on Kubernetes and multiple containerswithin the pod. Each result is color coded for quicker debugging.
The query is a regular expression so the pod name can easily be filtered andyou don't need to specify the exact id (for instance omitting the deploymentid). If a pod is deleted it gets removed from tail and if a new pod is added itautomatically gets tailed.
When a pod contains multiple containers Stern can tail all of them too withouthaving to do this manually for each one. Simply specify the container
flag tolimit what containers to show. By default all containers are listened to.
If you don't want to build from source go grab a binary release
Govendor is required to install vendored dependencies.
mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/github.com/wercker
cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/wercker
git clone https://github.com/wercker/stern.git && cd stern
govendor sync
go install
On macOS, you can also install Stern using Homebrew:
brew install stern
stern pod-query [flags]
The pod
query is a regular expression so you could provide "web-\w"
to tailweb-backend
and web-frontend
pods but not web-123
.
flag | default | purpose |
---|---|---|
--container |
.* |
Container name when multiple containers in pod (regular expression) |
--exclude-container |
Container name to exclude when multiple containers in pod (regular expression) | |
--container-state |
running |
Tail containers with status in running, waiting or terminated. Default to running. |
--timestamps |
Print timestamps | |
--since |
Return logs newer than a relative duration like 52, 2m, or 3h. Displays all if omitted | |
--context |
Kubernetes context to use. Default to kubectl config current-context |
|
--exclude |
Log lines to exclude; specify multiple with additional --exclude ; (regular expression) |
|
--namespace |
Kubernetes namespace to use. Default to namespace configured in Kubernetes context | |
--kubeconfig |
~/.kube/config |
Path to kubeconfig file to use |
--all-namespaces |
If present, tail across all namespaces. A specific namespace is ignored even if specified with --namespace. | |
--selector |
Selector (label query) to filter on. If present, default to .* for the pod-query. |
|
--tail |
-1 |
The number of lines from the end of the logs to show. Defaults to -1, showing all logs. |
--color |
auto |
Force set color output. auto : colorize if tty attached, always : always colorize, never : never colorize |
--output |
default |
Specify predefined template. Currently support: [default, raw, json] See templates section |
template |
Template to use for log lines, leave empty to use --output flag |
See stern --help
for details
Stern will use the $KUBECONFIG
environment variable if set. If both theenvironment variable and --kubeconfig
flag are passed the cli flag will beused.
stern supports outputting custom log messages. There are a few predefinedtemplates which you can use by specifying the --output
flag:
output | description |
---|---|
default |
Displays the namespace, pod and container, and decorates it with color depending on --color |
raw |
Only outputs the log message itself, useful when your logs are json and you want to pipe them to jq |
json |
Marshals the log struct to json. Useful for programmatic purposes |
It accepts a custom template through the --template
flag, which will becompiled to a Go template and then used for every log message. This Go templatewill receive the following struct:
property | type | description |
---|---|---|
Message |
string | The log message itself |
Namespace |
string | The namespace of the pod |
PodName |
string | The name of the pod |
ContainerName |
string | The name of the container |
The following functions are available within the template (besides the builtinfunctions):
func | arguments | description |
---|---|---|
json |
object |
Marshal the object and output it as a json text |
color |
color.Color, string |
Wrap the text in color (.ContainerColor and .PodColor provided) |
Tail the gateway
container running inside of the envvars
pod on staging
stern envvars --context staging --container gateway
Tail the staging
namespace excluding logs from istio-proxy
container
stern -n staging --exclude-container istio-proxy .
Show auth activity from 15min ago with timestamps
stern auth -t --since 15m
Follow the development of some-new-feature
in minikube
stern some-new-feature --context minikube
View pods from another namespace
stern kubernetes-dashboard --namespace kube-system
Tail the pods filtered by run=nginx
label selector across all namespaces
stern --all-namespaces -l run=nginx
Follow the frontend
pods in canary release
stern frontend --selector release=canary
Pipe the log message to jq:
stern backend -o json | jq .
Only output the log message itself:
stern backend -o raw
Output using a custom template:
stern --template '{{.Message}} ({{.Namespace}}/{{.PodName}}/{{.ContainerName}})' backend
Output using a custom template with stern-provided colors:
stern --template '{{.Message}} ({{.Namespace}}/{{color .PodColor .PodName}}/{{color .ContainerColor .ContainerName}})' backend
Stern supports command-line auto completion for bash or zsh. stern --completion=(bash|zsh)
outputs the shell completion code which work by beingevaluated in .bashrc
, etc for the specified shell. In addition, Sternsupports dynamic completion for --namespace
and --context
. In order to usethat, kubectl must be installed on your environment.
If you use bash, stern bash completion code depends on thebash-completion. On the macOS, youcan install it with homebrew as follows:
$ brew install bash-completion
Note that bash-completion must be sourced before sourcing the stern bashcompletion code in .bashrc
.
source <(brew --prefix)/etc/bash-completion
source <(stern --completion=bash)
If you use zsh, just source the stern zsh completion code in .zshrc
.
source <(stern --completion=zsh)
Oracle welcomes contributions to this repository from anyone. Please seeCONTRIBUTING for details.
一、Kubernetes/k8s基本概念 不了解k8s的pod、svc等概念的可以阅读一下k8s的官方文档,目前已有中文版:https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/home/. CKA证书: 有兴趣的开发或运维同学可以考一下CKA证书 CKA考试报名,目前支持中文:https://training.linuxfoundation.cn/. Kubernetes官方文档:http
题面 记忆犹新 题解 f f f 函数值给得非常明显,一看就给人一种熟悉感——这不是连分数吗? 众所周知,连分数有个递推公式,即 p i = a i p i − 1 + p i − 2 q i = a i q i − 1 + q i − 2 p_i=a_ip_{i-1}+p_{i-2}\\ q_i=a_iq_{i-1}+q_{i-2} pi=aipi−1+pi−2qi=aiqi−1+