Centos5.4+Nginx-0.8.50+UWSGI-0.9.6.2+Django-1.2.3搭建高性能WEB服务器

之前一直使用Nginx+Fastcgi来搭建python web服务器，本文介绍Nginx+UWSGI组合来实现。uWSGI 是一个快速的、纯C语言开发的、自维护的、对开发者友好的WSGI服务器，旨在提供专业的 Python web应用发布和开发。它更符合python web的标准协议，速度要比Fastcgi要快、性能更加稳定。

一、安装平台
1、安装pcre

cd /home

mkdir -p /home/install/nginx && cd /home/install/nginx

wget http://ftp.exim.llorien.org/pcre/pcre-8.00.tar.gz

tar -zxvf pcre-8.00.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.00

./configure

make && make install

cd ..

2、安装Nginx

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-0.8.50.tar.gz

tar -zxvf nginx-0.8.50.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.8.50/

./configure --user=nobody --group=nobody --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-cc-opt='-O3' --with-cpu-opt=opteron

make && make install

cd ..

3、安装python&Mysql-python

wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.5.1/Python-2.5.1.tgz

tar -zxvf Python-2.5.1.tgz

cd Python-2.5.1

./configure && make && make install

echo "export PATH=\$PATH:/usr/local/bin" >> /etc/profile

source /etc/profile

4、安装MySql-python

cd ../

wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mysql-python/mysql-python/1.2.2/MySQL-python-1.2.2.tar.gz?r=&ts=1285248455&use_mirror=nchc

cd MySQL-python-1.2.2

python setup.py install

5、安装Django

wget http://www.djangoproject.com/download/1.2.3/tarball/

tar -zxvf Django-1.2.3.tar.gz

cd Django-1.2.3

python setup.py install

cd ..

6、安装uWSGI

wget http://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-0.9.6.2.tar.gz

tar -zxvf uwsgi-0.9.6.2.tar.gz

cd uwsgi-0.9.6.2

make

cp uwsgi /usr/bin

二、平台配置

1、平台环境说明
  1.1、项目位置：/opt/www/Purgesys
   创建项目方法：

cd /opt/www

django-admin.py startproject Purgesys

  1.2、查看项目(出现以下文件结构说明项目已创建成功)
  #tree Purgesys

Purgesys

|-- __init__.py

|-- manage.py

|-- settings.py

`-- urls.py

2、Nginx相关配置

#cd /usr/local/nginx/conf
#vi django_uwsgi.conf

# Django project
server {
        listen  80;
        server_name purgesys.domain.com;


        location / {
            uwsgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            include     uwsgi_params;
            access_log  off;
        }

        location ^~ /static {
                root   /opt/www/Purgesys;
        }

        location ^~ /admin/ {
            uwsgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            include  uwsgi_params;
            access_log   off;
        }

        location ~* ^.+\.(mpg|avi|mp3|swf|zip|tgz|gz|rar|bz2|doc|xls|exe|ppt|txt|tar|mid|midi|wav|rtf|mpeg)$ {
            root   /opt/www/Purgesys/static;
            access_log   off;
        }

}

*Nginx-0.8.50默认已添加uwsgi输出头支持
include uwsgi_params;

#vi nginx.conf
追加子配置文件django_uwsgi.conf

http{ 
........ 
include django_uwsgi.conf; 
} 

3、UWSGI配置
#mkdir -p /home/uwsgi;cd /home/uwsgi
#mkdir -p /opt/www/logs
#echo "" > /opt/www/logs/django.log
#vi uwsgi.xml

<uwsgi>
 <socket>127.0.0.1:9000</socket>
 <listen>200</listen>
 <master>true</master>
 <pidfile>/usr/local/nginx/uwsgi.pid</pidfile>
 <processes>8</processes>
 <pythonpath>/opt/www/Purgesys</pythonpath>
 <pythonpath>/opt/www/</pythonpath>
 <module>django_wsgi</module>
 <profiler>true</profiler>
 <memory-report>true</memory-report>
 <enable-threads>true</enable-threads>
 <logdate>true</logdate>
 <limit-as>6048</limit-as>
 <daemonize>/opt/www/logs/django.log</daemonize>
</uwsgi>

4、创建应用模块
cd /opt/www/Purgesys
vi django_wsgi.py

import os
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'Purgesys.settings'
import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

5、启动服务
#/usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
#/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

6、查看进程
#[liuts@webserver nginx]# ps -ef|grep uwsgi|grep -v grep

root     21652     1  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml

root     21653 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml

root     21654 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml

root     21655 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml

root     21656 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml

root     21657 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml

root     21658 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml

root     21659 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml

root     21660 21652  0 17:12 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml

7、监听端口
#[liuts@webserver nginx]# netstat -an|grep 9000
引用

tcp 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN

8、访问测试
输入http://serverip/

大功告成！

*附uwsgi启动脚本
#cd /home/uwsgi
#vi uwsgiserver.sh

#!/bin/bash
if [ $1 = start ];then
 psid=`ps aux|grep "uwsgi"|grep -v "grep"|wc -l`
 if [ $psid -gt 2 ];then
 echo "uwsgi is running!"
 exit 0
 else
 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
 fi
 echo "Start uwsgi service [OK]"
elif [ $1 = stop ];then
 killall -9 uwsgi
 echo "Stop uwsgi service [OK]"
elif [ $1 = restart ];then
 killall -9 uwsgi
 /usr/bin/uwsgi -x /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
 echo "Restart uwsgi service [OK]"
else
 echo "Usages: sh uwsgiserver.sh [start|stop|restart]"
fi

#sh uwsgiserver.sh start
[uWSGI] parsing config file /home/uwsgi/uwsgi.xml
Start uwsgi service [OK]

如大家有什么疑问或感兴趣的话题可以通过weibo与我交流：http://t.qq.com/yorkoliu

以下是补充：

1、MySQL-python 安装错误如下
from setuptools import setup ImportError:

先安装
python ez_setup.py

在安装
python setup.py install

贴一下,方便其他兄弟了

2、我的nginx+uwsgi+django遇到大header的request，经常出现502，uwsgi报的是 invalid request header size,何解我的uwsgi配置为[uwsgi]socket = :8010master = truemodule = django_wsgiprocesses = 8home = /path/to/virtualenvharakiri = 20daemonize = /path/to/uwsgi.logpidfile = /path/to/uwsgi.pidpythonpath = /path/to/projectpythonpath = /path/to/uwsgibuffer-size = 32768reload-mercy = 8max-requests = 5000socket-timeout = 4

解决方法：大header可以修改nginx http head部分参数。

3、Nginx报502，但是uwsgi正常启动端口9000也正常监听。有可能是应用程序有错误导致。