使用python -m下载文件？

Question

python 能否只使用 python -m 命令参数 ，加一个文件 https://url.com/1.txt ，将这个文件下载下来？

文件下载

Answer 1

我猜你是不是想要wget

Answer 2

我猜你是想要一个执行方式和 python -m http.server 8000 一样的工具。默认的模块貌似是没有实现直接download的功能的。需要的话，可以自己实现一个放在模块目录下面，再通过 python -m download http://xxx.com/xxx 调用。

Answer 3

可以啊，首先说明一下，一般不需要这么费事，一个 单py文件 就可以做到，不知道你的实际用途是什么？

其次说明一下 python -m 的含义是运行一个module(也就是一个模块-可以理解为一个目录)，你运行 python3 -h 可以得到如下输出:

Options and arguments (and corresponding environment variables):-b     : issue warnings about str(bytes_instance), str(bytearray_instance)         and comparing bytes/bytearray with str. (-bb: issue errors)-B     : don't write .pyc files on import; also PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE=x-c cmd : program passed in as string (terminates option list)-d     : debug output from parser; also PYTHONDEBUG=x-E     : ignore PYTHON* environment variables (such as PYTHONPATH)-h     : print this help message and exit (also --help)-i     : inspect interactively after running script; forces a prompt even         if stdin does not appear to be a terminal; also PYTHONINSPECT=x-I     : isolate Python from the user's environment (implies -E and -s)-m mod : run library module as a script (terminates option list)-O     : remove assert and __debug__-dependent statements; add .opt-1 before         .pyc extension; also PYTHONOPTIMIZE=x-OO    : do -O changes and also discard docstrings; add .opt-2 before         .pyc extension-q     : don't print version and copyright messages on interactive startup-s     : don't add user site directory to sys.path; also PYTHONNOUSERSITE-S     : don't imply 'import site' on initialization-u     : force the stdout and stderr streams to be unbuffered;         this option has no effect on stdin; also PYTHONUNBUFFERED=x-v     : verbose (trace import statements); also PYTHONVERBOSE=x         can be supplied multiple times to increase verbosity-V     : print the Python version number and exit (also --version)         when given twice, print more information about the build-W arg : warning control; arg is action:message:category:module:lineno         also PYTHONWARNINGS=arg-x     : skip first line of source, allowing use of non-Unix forms of #!cmd-X opt : set implementation-specific option. The following options are available:         -X faulthandler: enable faulthandler         -X showrefcount: output the total reference count and number of used             memory blocks when the program finishes or after each statement in the             interactive interpreter. This only works on debug builds         -X tracemalloc: start tracing Python memory allocations using the             tracemalloc module. By default, only the most recent frame is stored in a             traceback of a trace. Use -X tracemalloc=NFRAME to start tracing with a             traceback limit of NFRAME frames         -X showalloccount: output the total count of allocated objects for each             type when the program finishes. This only works when Python was built with             COUNT_ALLOCS defined         -X importtime: show how long each import takes. It shows module name,             cumulative time (including nested imports) and self time (excluding             nested imports). Note that its output may be broken in multi-threaded             application. Typical usage is python3 -X importtime -c 'import asyncio'         -X dev: enable CPython's "development mode", introducing additional runtime             checks which are too expensive to be enabled by default. Effect of the             developer mode:                * Add default warning filter, as -W default                * Install debug hooks on memory allocators: see the PyMem_SetupDebugHooks() C function                * Enable the faulthandler module to dump the Python traceback on a crash                * Enable asyncio debug mode                * Set the dev_mode attribute of sys.flags to True                * io.IOBase destructor logs close() exceptions         -X utf8: enable UTF-8 mode for operating system interfaces, overriding the default             locale-aware mode. -X utf8=0 explicitly disables UTF-8 mode (even when it would             otherwise activate automatically)         -X pycache_prefix=PATH: enable writing .pyc files to a parallel tree rooted at the             given directory instead of to the code tree--check-hash-based-pycs always|default|never:    control how Python invalidates hash-based .pyc filesfile   : program read from script file-      : program read from stdin (default; interactive mode if a tty)arg ...: arguments passed to program in sys.argv[1:]Other environment variables:PYTHONSTARTUP: file executed on interactive startup (no default)PYTHONPATH   : ';'-separated list of directories prefixed to the               default module search path.  The result is sys.path.PYTHONHOME   : alternate <prefix> directory (or <prefix>;<exec_prefix>).               The default module search path uses <prefix>\python{major}{minor}.PYTHONCASEOK : ignore case in 'import' statements (Windows).PYTHONUTF8: if set to 1, enable the UTF-8 mode.PYTHONIOENCODING: Encoding[:errors] used for stdin/stdout/stderr.PYTHONFAULTHANDLER: dump the Python traceback on fatal errors.PYTHONHASHSEED: if this variable is set to 'random', a random value is used   to seed the hashes of str and bytes objects.  It can also be set to an   integer in the range [0,4294967295] to get hash values with a   predictable seed.PYTHONMALLOC: set the Python memory allocators and/or install debug hooks   on Python memory allocators. Use PYTHONMALLOC=debug to install debug   hooks.PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE: if this variable is set to 0, it disables the locale   coercion behavior. Use PYTHONCOERCECLOCALE=warn to request display of   locale coercion and locale compatibility warnings on stderr.PYTHONBREAKPOINT: if this variable is set to 0, it disables the default   debugger. It can be set to the callable of your debugger of choice.PYTHONDEVMODE: enable the development mode.PYTHONPYCACHEPREFIX: root directory for bytecode cache (pyc) files.

可以看到 -m mod : run library module as a script (terminates option list)，-m 代表的意思是作为一个脚本去运行一个模块。

那么你可以在一个目录下创建一个 __main__.py，然后这个目录就会被认为是一个模块(module)，就可以通过你想要的方式去执行逻辑。

# __main__.pyimport sysprint(f"我要下载文件: {sys.argv[1]}")

然后执行命令:

python3 -m <目录名> https://url.com/1.txt

输出:

我要下载文件: https://url.com/1.txt

剩下的逻辑自己实现就行了。