Chrome在linux服务器上以无头模式工作，但通过Selenium和Python在gui模式下显示“DevToolsActivePort文件不存在”错误

Question

在chrome浏览器上自动执行的selenium代码。

chrome版本：79.0.3945.117（本地和服务器计算机相同）

chrome驱动程序：试用了所有最新版本

执行状态-在本地计算机上：在headless和gui中运行良好。

执行状态-在服务器Centros 7机器上。在无头模式下效果很好。在GUI中给出错误：

options.addArguments("--no-sandbox"); // Bypass OS security model
options.addArguments("--disable-dev-shm-usage"); // overcome limited resource problems

错误日志

SLF4J: Failed to load class "org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder".
SLF4J: Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#StaticLoggerBinder for further details.
>>>>> Initializing the webdriver: CHROME on OS: linux64
Jan 11, 2020 12:27:52 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities chrome
INFO: Using `new ChromeOptions()` is preferred to `DesiredCapabilities.chrome()`
Starting ChromeDriver 79.0.3945.36 (3582db32b33893869b8c1339e8f4d9ed1816f143-refs/branch-heads/3945@{#614}) on port 16949
Only local connections are allowed.
Please protect ports used by ChromeDriver and related test frameworks to prevent access by malicious code.
>>>>> Initializing the webdriver: CHROME on OS: linux64
unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
Build info: version: '3.141.59', revision: 'e82be7d358', time: '2018-11-14T08:17:03'
System info: host: 'qa9', ip: '', os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7.x86_64', java.version: '1.8.0_232'
Driver info: driver.version: ChromeDriver
remote stacktrace: #0 0x564eeb93d479 <unknown>

Jan 11, 2020 12:27:52 PM org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities chrome
INFO: Using `new ChromeOptions()` is preferred to `DesiredCapabilities.chrome()`
null
2020-01-11 12:27:52 INFO  BaseClass:23 - Test Completed

分析

1-Chrome在服务器机器上打开罚款。

2-在服务器上使用google chrome--无沙盒启动chrome

3-google-chrome可在位置 /usr/bin/google-chrome

因此，尝试了其他答案中可用的所有步骤，并使用各种chrome选项，但仍然无法在chrome gui上运行selenium。

options.addArguments("--no-sandbox"); // Bypass OS security model
options.setBinary("/usr/bin/google-chrome");
options.addArguments("start-maximized"); // open Browser in maximized mode
options.addArguments("disable-infobars"); // disabling infobars
options.addArguments("--disable-dev-shm-usage"); // overcome limited resource problems
options.addArguments("--test-type");
options.addArguments("--window-size=1420,1080");
options.addArguments("--disable-extensions"); //to disable browser extension popup
options.addArguments("--headless");
options.addArguments("--disable-gpu"); // applicable to windows os only
options.setExperimentalOption("useAutomationExtension", false);
options.addArguments("--disable-dev-shm-usage"); // overcome limited resource problems

ChromeDriver日志

[1578754796.203][INFO]: Launching chrome: /usr/bin/google-chrome --disable-background-networking --disable-client-side-phishing-detection --disable-default-apps --disable-dev-shm-usage --disable-hang-monitor --disable-popup-blocking --disable-prompt-on-repost --disable-sync --enable-blink-features=ShadowDOMV0 --enable-logging --log-level=0 --no-first-run --no-sandbox --password-store=basic --remote-debugging-port=0 --start-maximized --test-type --use-mock-keychain --user-data-dir=/tmp/.com.google.Chrome.CKtLXZ --window-size=1420,1080 data:,

(google-chrome:29029): Gtk-WARNING **: 15:59:56.269: cannot open display: 
[0111/155956.272402:ERROR:nacl_helper_linux.cc(311)] NaCl helper process running without a sandbox!
Most likely you need to configure your SUID sandbox correctly
[1578754796.304][INFO]: [e36d644ac30ae2e028b2ee00ba18b335] RESPONSE InitSession ERROR unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)
[1578754796.304][DEBUG]: Log type 'driver' lost 0 entries on destruction
[1578754796.304][DEBUG]: Log type 'browser' lost 0 entries on destruction

Answer 1

我遇到了这个问题。我安装了最新版本的“网络驱动程序”Rubygem（~

whereis google-chrome

并获得“/usr/bin/google-chrome”

我使用ruby，现在可以用

options = Selenium::WebDriver::Chrome::Options.new(args: ['headless'], binary: '/usr/bin/google-chrome')
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:chrome, options: options)

Answer 2

这里提供的答案表明Chrome版本

Answer 3

此错误消息...

unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited abnormally (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist) (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.)

...暗示ChromeDriver无法启动/生成新的浏览上下文，即Chrome浏览器会话。

你需要注意几件事：

>

参数“禁用gpu”的目的是在windows平台上启用google chrome headless。这是必要的，因为之前SwiftShader在无头模式下无法在Windows上执行断言。这个问题通过Headless解决了：make-disable gpu标志不必要。在centos上，您需要删除代码行：

options.addArguments("--disable-gpu"); // applicable to windows os only

• ChromeDriver更新为当前ChromeDriver v79.0.3945.36版本

当您添加实验选项时：

options.setExperimentalOption("useAutomationExtension", false);

>

options.setExperimentalOption("excludeSwitches", Collections.singletonList("enable-automation"));

但您需要删除：

options.addArguments("disable-infobars"); // disabling infobars
options.addArguments("--disable-extensions"); //to disable browser extension popup

有关详细讨论，请参见：

• Python Selenium中的Chrome选项：禁用GPU与Headless