iOS 7后台位置服务停止

Question

我正在构建一个在后台工作的iOS应用程序，并每3分钟将用户的位置发布到服务器上（因为这是iOS 7上的最长后台执行时间）。但是，有一个问题，后台服务在随机时间终止。所以有时候它可以在后台运行2个小时，有时候7个小时，然后3个小时，然后是随机的，依此类推。

下面的代码产生错误。我已经能够检测到它何时终止，也就是[UIApplication sharedApplication]何时终止。剩余的背景时间低于10秒。有人能指出某个方向，或解释它为什么终止吗？我猜[self.locationManager startUpdatingLocation]不是100%安全的？（以及使[UIApplication sharedApplication].BackgroundTime保持不受限制的方法？）

这是我每3分钟在服务器上收到的“正常”日志；

iPhone5: 21:06:45背景时间启动前剩余更新位置： 11.014648

iPhone 5:21:06:45背景启动后剩余时间日期位置：999.000000

iPhone 5:21:06:48背景停止更新前剩余时间位置：999.000000

iPhone5: 21:06:48背景时间停止后剩余更新位置： 999.000000

代码：

#import "BetaLocationController.h"
#import "AppDelegate.h"
#import <Parse/Parse.h>
#import "CommunicationController.h"

@interface BetaLocationController () <CLLocationManagerDelegate>

@property UIBackgroundTaskIdentifier bgTask;
@property (strong, nonatomic) CLLocationManager *locationManager;
@property BOOL locationStarted;
@property (strong, nonatomic) CLLocation *myLocation;
@end

@implementation BetaLocationController

- (id)init
{
    self = [super init];
    if (self) {
        self.locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
        self.locationManager.delegate = self;
        self.locationManager.pausesLocationUpdatesAutomatically = NO;
        self.locationManager.activityType = CLActivityTypeOther;
        self.locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters;
        self.locationManager.distanceFilter = kCLDistanceFilterNone;

        [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(didEnterBackground:) name:UIApplicationDidEnterBackgroundNotification object:nil];
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateLocations:(NSArray *)locations
{
    CLLocation* location = [locations lastObject];
    self.myLocation = location;
    //    NSLog(@"Location: %f, %f", location.coordinate.longitude, location.coordinate.latitude);

}

- (void)didEnterBackground:(NSNotification *) notification
{
    [self runBackgroundTask:10];
}


-(void)runBackgroundTask: (int) time{
    //check if application is in background mode
    if ([UIApplication sharedApplication].applicationState == UIApplicationStateBackground) {

        //create UIBackgroundTaskIdentifier and create tackground task, which starts after time
        __block UIBackgroundTaskIdentifier bgTask = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] beginBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandler:^{
            //            [self runBackgroundTask:5];
            [[UIApplication sharedApplication] endBackgroundTask:bgTask];
            bgTask = UIBackgroundTaskInvalid;
        }];

        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_HIGH, 0), ^{
            NSTimer *t = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:time target:self selector:@selector(startTrackingBg) userInfo:nil repeats:NO];
            [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addTimer:t forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
            [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
        });
    }
}

-(void)startTrackingBg{
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] cancelAllLocalNotifications];
    UILocalNotification *localNotification = [[UILocalNotification alloc] init];
    NSDate *now = [NSDate date];
    localNotification.fireDate = now;

    NSDateFormatter *formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
    [formatter setDateFormat:@"HHmm"];
    int timeofDay = [[formatter stringFromDate:[NSDate date]] intValue];
    localNotification.applicationIconBadgeNumber = timeofDay;
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] scheduleLocalNotification:localNotification];

    //set default time
    int time = 170;
    //if locationManager is ON
    if (self.locationStarted  == TRUE ) {
        //Here I can detect the error
        if([UIApplication sharedApplication].backgroundTimeRemaining < 10){
            [CommunicationController logToParse:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ : Detected error, trying to restart locationservice", [UIDevice currentDevice].name]];
        }

        //log
        [CommunicationController logToParse:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@: %@ bgTime before stopUpdatingLocation: %f", [UIDevice currentDevice].name, [NSDate date], [self getBackgroundTime]]];

        [self.locationManager stopUpdatingLocation];
        self.locationStarted = FALSE;

        //log
        [CommunicationController logToParse:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@: %@ bgTime after stopUpdatingLocation: %f", [UIDevice currentDevice].name, [NSDate date], [self getBackgroundTime]]];

    }else{
        //start updating location

        //log
        [CommunicationController logToParse:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@: %@ bgTime before startUpdatingLocation: %f", [UIDevice currentDevice].name, [NSDate date], [self getBackgroundTime]]];

        [self.locationManager startUpdatingLocation];
        self.locationStarted = TRUE;

        //Time how long the application will update your location
        time = 3;

        //log
        [CommunicationController logToParse:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@: %@ bgTime after startUpdatingLocation: %f", [UIDevice currentDevice].name, [NSDate date], [self getBackgroundTime]]];

    }

    [self runBackgroundTask:time];
}

-(float)getBackgroundTime{
    float bgTime = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] backgroundTimeRemaining];

    //If bgtime is over 180, it returns unlimited. In iOS 7, only 3 minutes backgroundtime is available
    return bgTime > 180 ? 999 : bgTime;
}

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
{
    [CommunicationController logToParse:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@: %@ LocationManagerDidFail %@: %f", [UIDevice currentDevice].name, [NSDate date], error, [[UIApplication sharedApplication] backgroundTimeRemaining]]];

    NSLog(@"Error in locationManager. It Failed: %@", error);
}


-(void)dealloc {
    [CommunicationController logToParse:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@: %@ got dealloc'ed", [UIDevice currentDevice].name, [NSDate date]]];

    NSLog(@"Dealloc in location manager is called");
}


@end

Answer 1

按照以下步骤在后台模式下获取位置：

编辑/添加您的代码：

if(self.location==nil){
     self.locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
}
[self.locationManager setDelegate:self];

if( [self.locationManager respondsToSelector:@selector(requestAlwaysAuthorization)])
{
     [self.locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
}

self.locationManager.distanceFilter = 10.0f;
self.locationManager.desiredAccuracy = kCLLocationAccuracyBest;
self.locationManager.pausesLocationUpdatesAutomatically=NO;
self.locationManager.activityType=CLActivityTypeAutomotiveNavigation;

if ([[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] floatValue] >= 8) {
[self.locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
}
if ([[[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion] floatValue] >= 9) {
     self.locationManager.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = YES;
}

[self.locationManager startUpdatingLocation];

Answer 2

无法在iOS7中在后台启动位置服务。这就是为什么它是不一致的。你需要在应用程序处于前台时启动它，然后保持打开状态。

Answer 3

一般来说，你无法确定你的应用程序是否会保持活动状态。用户可能希望主动终止应用程序，或者系统可能需要您的应用程序正在使用的资源，因此终止应用程序。我猜您正遇到这个问题，因为资源有限。

您可以通过使用iOS7中引入的后台获取来绕过它。操作系统将定期允许您的应用程序再次启动。

试着阅读这篇描述功能的优秀文档：http://devstreaming.apple.com/videos/wwdc/2013/204xex2xvpdncz9kdb17lmfooh/204/204.pdf

但是，您不能阻止用户强制关闭您的应用程序。