ValueError:对关闭的文件执行I/O操作为什么会发生这种情况？使用python书籍自动完成枯燥的工作

Question

#! python3
# randomQuizGenerator.py - Creates quizzes with questions and answers in
# random order, along with the answer key.
import random
   # The quiz data. Keys are states and values are their capitals.
capitals = {'Alabama': 'Montgomery', 'Alaska': 'Juneau', 'Arizona': 'Phoenix',
   'Arkansas': 'Little Rock', 'California': 'Sacramento', 'Colorado': 'Denver',
   'Connecticut': 'Hartford', 'Delaware': 'Dover', 'Florida': 'Tallahassee',
   'Georgia': 'Atlanta', 'Hawaii': 'Honolulu', 'Idaho': 'Boise', 'Illinois':
   'Springfield', 'Indiana': 'Indianapolis', 'Iowa': 'Des Moines', 'Kansas':
   'Topeka', 'Kentucky': 'Frankfort', 'Louisiana': 'Baton Rouge', 'Maine':
   'Augusta', 'Maryland': 'Annapolis', 'Massachusetts': 'Boston', 'Michigan':
   'Lansing', 'Minnesota': 'Saint Paul', 'Mississippi': 'Jackson', 'Missouri':
   'Jefferson City', 'Montana': 'Helena', 'Nebraska': 'Lincoln', 'Nevada':
   'Carson City', 'New Hampshire': 'Concord', 'New Jersey': 'Trenton', 
   'NewMexico': 'Santa Fe', 'New York': 'Albany',
   'North Carolina': 'Raleigh', 'North Dakota': 'Bismarck', 
   'Ohio': 'Columbus', 'Oklahoma': 'Oklahoma City',
   'Oregon': 'Salem', 'Pennsylvania': 'Harrisburg', 'Rhode Island': 'Providence',
   'South Carolina': 'Columbia', 'South Dakota': 'Pierre', 'Tennessee':
   'Nashville', 'Texas': 'Austin', 'Utah': 'Salt Lake City', 'Vermont':
   'Montpelier', 'Virginia': 'Richmond', 'Washington': 'Olympia', 
   'WestVirginia': 'Charleston', 'Wisconsin': 'Madison', 'Wyoming': 'Cheyenne'}

   # Generate 35 quiz files.
for quizNum in range(35):
  # Create the quiz and answer key files.
  quizFile = open(f'capitalsquiz{quizNum + 1}.txt', 'w')
  answerKeyFile = open(f'capitalsquiz_answers{quizNum + 1}.txt', 'w')
     # Write out the header for the quiz.
  quizFile.write('Name:\n\nDate:\n\nPeriod:\n\n')
  quizFile.write((' ' * 20) + f'State Capitals Quiz (Form{quizNum + 1})')
  quizFile.write('\n\n')

  # Shuffle the order of the states.
  states = list(capitals.keys())
  random.shuffle(states)
   # Loop through all 50 states, making a question for each.
  for questionNum in range(50):

         # Get right and wrong answers.
      correctAnswer = capitals[states[questionNum]]
      wrongAnswers = list(capitals.values())
      del wrongAnswers[wrongAnswers.index(correctAnswer)]
      wrongAnswers = random.sample(wrongAnswers, 3)
      answerOptions = wrongAnswers + [correctAnswer]
      random.shuffle(answerOptions)

        # Write the question and the answer options to the quiz file.
      quizFile.write(f'{questionNum + 1}. What is the capital of{states[questionNum]}?\n')
      for i in range(4):
        quizFile.write(f"    {'ABCD'[i]}. { answerOptions[i]}\n")
        quizFile.write('\n')

      # Write the answer key to a file.
      answerKeyFile.write(f"{questionNum + 1}.{'ABCD'[answerOptions.index(correctAnswer)]}")
      quizFile.close()
      answerKeyFile.close()

以下是该程序的功能：

>

创建35个不同的测验

为每个测验创建50个选择题，以随机顺序为每个问题提供正确答案和三个随机错误答案

将测验写入35个文本文件

将答案键写入35个文本文件

这意味着代码需要执行以下操作：

1. 将各州及其首府存入字典
2. 调用open（），写（），并关闭（）的测验和回答关键文本文件
3. 用random.shuffle（）随机排列题目顺序和选择题选项

回溯（最近一次调用）：文件“/home/hp/Documents/Developement/pob/ch9/randomQuizGenarotor.py”，第50行，在quizFile中。write（f'{questionNum 1}.{states[questionNum]}的大写字母是什么？\n'）value错误：对关闭的文件执行I/O操作。

      quizFile.close()
      answerKeyFile.close()

Answer 1

看起来close（）函数位于for循环中，因此在第一次迭代后，它将关闭文件。将close（）