问题：
Delphi XE3尝试释放FSQL时指针无效（TStringList）
蔺敏达
我正在XE3中创建一个新应用程序，但使用在D2007中创建的一些单元。
我“在释放TStringList数据项时收到错误。这是创建数据项FSQL的代码：
procedure TPayorDM.DataModuleCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
FPayorDRM := TDRM.Create;
FSQL := TStringList.Create;
end;
以下是获取错误的代码：
procedure TPayorDM.DataModuleDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
FreeAndNil(FSQL);
if T_Payor.Active then T_Payor.Close;
FreeAndNil(FPayorDRM);
end;
错误发生在“FreeAndNil（FSQL）；”上。我尝试了“FSQL. Free”，得到了相同的结果。
这是我得到的错误：
项目：PayrUpdate。exe引发了异常类EInvalidPointer，并显示消息“指针操作无效”。
当我打破蓝色箭头（调试模式）是指向_FreeMem（指针（自我））；在过程中TObject. FreeInstance在系统单元如下：
procedure TObject.FreeInstance;
begin
CleanupInstance;
_FreeMem(Pointer(Self));
end;
如果我不释放TStringList数据项，我会在应用程序中出现内存泄漏。
是否可能需要设置配置选项？我在谷歌上搜索过，除了以下三种可能性中的一种之外，没有找到任何可以解释我做错了什么的东西：
- 它是由其他内存管理器分配的
如果我试一试...除了...我可以绕过这个问题，但我不喜欢这样做。
顺便说一句，我在不同的单元中有另一个TStringList，我创建了和FreeAndNil，我没有得到任何错误。
以下是完整的来源：
unit PayorDataMgr;
interface
uses
SysUtils,
Classes,
Dialogs,
NativeXML,
adscnnct,
DB,
adsdata,
adsfunc,
adstable,
ace,
cbs.drm,
cbs.utils,
cbs.LogFiles;
const
POLICY_TYPES: array[1..3] of string = ('Primary','Secondary','Tertiary');
type
TPayorRecord = Record
ASSIGNBENEFITS: Boolean;
AUTHORIZE: Boolean;
BATCHBILL: Boolean;
CLAIMMAX: Integer;
DISCONTINUED: TDateTime;
DISPENSEUPDATE: Boolean;
EHRSIGNOFF: Boolean;
EMCDEST: String;
FORM: String;
GOVASSIGN: Boolean;
HIDE: Boolean;
IGRPUNIQUE: Integer;
LEGACYPLAN: String;
LEGACYTYPE: String;
LOCALATTN: String;
LOCALCITY: String;
LOCALNAME: String;
LOCALPHONE: String;
LOCALSTATE: String;
LOCALSTREET: String;
LOCALZIP: String;
MASTERATTN: String;
MASTERCITY: String;
MASTERNAME: String;
MASTERPHONE: String;
MASTERSTATE: String;
MASTERSTREET: String;
MASTERZIP: String;
MEDIGAPCODE: String;
MEDIGAPPAYOR: Boolean;
MEDPLANGUID: String;
MODIFIED: TDateTime;
NEICCODE: String;
NEICTYPESTDC: Integer;
OWNER: String;
PAYORGUID: String;
PAYORSUBTYPESTDC: Integer;
PAYORTYPESTDC: Integer;
PAYORUNIQUE: Integer;
PAYPERCENT: Integer;
RTCODE: String;
SRXPLANGUID: String;
STATEFILTER: String;
procedure Clear;
End;
TPayors = Record
private
function _pGetCount: Integer;
public
Items: Array of TPayorRecord;
procedure Add(const aItem:TPayorRecord);
function CarriersList:TStrings;
procedure Free;
function GetPayorGuid(const aPAYORUNIQUE:Integer):String;
function IndexOfIgrpUnique(Const aIGRPUNIQUE:Integer):Integer;
function IndexOfPayorUnique(Const aPAYORUNIQUE:Integer):Integer;
procedure SortByName;
property Count:Integer Read _pGetCount;
End;
TPayorDM = class(TDataModule)
CommonConnection: TAdsConnection;
T_Payor: TAdsTable;
Q_Payor: TAdsQuery;
procedure DataModuleDestroy(Sender: TObject);
procedure DataModuleCreate(Sender: TObject);
private
FPayorDRM: TDRM;
FSQL: TStringList;
function _LoadRecordFromTable:TPayorRecord;
function _newIDSTRING(const aFormat:String='F'):String;
{ Private declarations }
procedure _pSetConnectionHandle(const Value: Integer);
procedure _pSetErrorMessage(const Value: String);
procedure _psetSQL(const Value: TStringList);
{ Private properties }
property ErrorMessage:String Write _pSetErrorMessage;
public
function AddPayor(var aPAYORRECORD:TPAYORRECORD):Boolean;
function ExecuteScript(const aTo,aFrom:string):Boolean;
function FindPayor(const aPAYORGUID:String):Boolean;overload;
function FindPayor(const aPAYORUNIQUE:Integer):Boolean;overload;
function GetPayorData:TDRM;
function GetRecordCount(const aData:String):Integer;
function LoadCarriers(const aHide:boolean = False):TPayors;
function LoadPayor:TPayorRecord;
function OpenTable:Boolean;
function UpdateFromXML(const aPayorNode:TXMLNode):boolean;
{ Public declarations }
property ConnectionHandle:Integer Write _pSetConnectionHandle;
property DynamicPayorFields:TDRM Read FPayorDRM;
property SQL:TStringList Read FSQL Write _psetSQL;
end;
var
PayorDM: TPayorDM;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
function TPayorDM.AddPayor(var aPAYORRECORD: TPAYORRECORD): Boolean;
begin
Result := False;
if IsNull(aPAYORRECORD.LOCALNAME) then Exit;
{ Create uniques }
{ Add Record }
if not T_Payor.Active then
if not OpenTable then Exit;
with T_Payor do
try
Insert;
FieldByName('PAYORGUID').AsString := _newIDSTRING;
FieldByName('MASTERNAME').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.MASTERNAME;
FieldByName('MASTERSTREET').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.MASTERSTREET;
FieldByName('MASTERCITY').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.MASTERCITY;
FieldByName('MASTERSTATE').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.MASTERSTATE;
FieldByName('PAYORTYPESTDC').AsInteger := aPAYORRECORD.PAYORTYPESTDC;
FieldByName('MASTERZIP').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.MASTERZIP;
FieldByName('MASTERATTN').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.MASTERATTN;
FieldByName('MASTERPHONE').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.MASTERPHONE;
FieldByName('NEICCODE').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.NEICCODE;
FieldByName('RTCODE').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.RTCODE;
FieldByName('STATEFILTER').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.STATEFILTER;
FieldByName('NEICTYPESTDC').AsInteger := aPAYORRECORD.NEICTYPESTDC;
FieldByName('PAYORSUBTYPESTDC').AsInteger := aPAYORRECORD.PAYORSUBTYPESTDC;
FieldByName('OWNER').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.OWNER;
FieldByName('HIDE').AsBoolean := aPAYORRECORD.HIDE;
FieldByName('IGRPUNIQUE').AsInteger := aPAYORRECORD.IGRPUNIQUE;
FieldByName('FORM').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.FORM;
FieldByName('GOVASSIGN').AsBoolean := aPAYORRECORD.GOVASSIGN;
FieldByName('CLAIMMAX').AsInteger := aPAYORRECORD.CLAIMMAX;
FieldByName('MEDIGAPCODE').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.MEDIGAPCODE;
FieldByName('EMCDEST').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.EMCDEST;
FieldByName('ASSIGNBENEFITS').AsBoolean := aPAYORRECORD.ASSIGNBENEFITS;
FieldByName('BATCHBILL').AsBoolean := aPAYORRECORD.BATCHBILL;
FieldByName('MEDIGAPPAYOR').AsBoolean := aPAYORRECORD.MEDIGAPPAYOR;
FieldByName('MEDPLANGUID').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.MEDPLANGUID;
FieldByName('SRXPLANGUID').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.SRXPLANGUID;
FieldByName('PAYPERCENT').AsInteger := aPAYORRECORD.PAYPERCENT;
FieldByName('LOCALNAME').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.LOCALNAME;
FieldByName('LOCALSTREET').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.LOCALSTREET;
FieldByName('LOCALCITY').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.LOCALCITY;
FieldByName('LOCALSTATE').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.LOCALSTATE;
FieldByName('LOCALZIP').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.LOCALZIP;
FieldByName('LOCALATTN').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.LOCALATTN;
FieldByName('LOCALPHONE').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.LOCALPHONE;
FieldByName('EHRSIGNOFF').AsBoolean := aPAYORRECORD.EHRSIGNOFF;
FieldByName('DISCONTINUED').AsDateTime := aPAYORRECORD.DISCONTINUED;
FieldByName('MODIFIED').AsDateTime := Now;
FieldByName('LEGACYPLAN').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.LEGACYPLAN;
FieldByName('LEGACYTYPE').AsString := aPAYORRECORD.LEGACYTYPE;
FieldByName('AUTHORIZE').AsBoolean := aPAYORRECORD.AUTHORIZE;
FieldByName('DISPENSEUPDATE').AsBoolean := aPAYORRECORD.DISPENSEUPDATE;
Post;
aPAYORRECORD.PAYORUNIQUE := FieldByName('PAYORUNIQUE').AsInteger;
aPAYORRECORD.PAYORGUID := FieldByName('PAYORGUID').AsString;
Close;
Result := True;
except on E: EADSDatabaseError do
begin
ErrorMessage := 'AddPayor: ERRORCODE: ' + IntToStr(e.ACEErrorCode) +
' ERROR: ' + e.Message;
end;
end;
end;
procedure TPayorDM.DataModuleCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
FPayorDRM := TDRM.Create;
FSQL := TStringList.Create; { FSQL Created }
end;
procedure TPayorDM.DataModuleDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
try
FSQL.Free; { FSQL destroyed - work around to get unit to run without error}
except
end;
if T_Payor.Active then T_Payor.Close;
FreeAndNil(FPayorDRM);
end;
function TPayorDM.ExecuteScript(const aTo, aFrom: string):Boolean;
begin
Result := False;
if FSQL.Count = 0 then exit;
with Q_Payor do
try
if Active then Close;
SQL := FSQL;
ParamByName('to').Text := aTo;
ParambyName('from').Text := aFrom;
ExecSQL;
if Active then Close;
Result := True;
except on E: EADSDatabaseError do
begin
ErrorMessage := 'ExecuteScript: ERRORCODE: ' + IntToStr(e.ACEErrorCode) +
' ERROR: ' + e.Message + ' SQL: ' + Q_Payor.SQL.Text;
end;
end;
end;
function TPayorDM.FindPayor(const aPAYORUNIQUE: Integer): Boolean;
begin
T_Payor.IndexName := 'PAYORUNIQUE';
Result := T_Payor.FindKey([aPAYORUNIQUE]);
end;
function TPayorDM.FindPayor(const aPAYORGUID: String): Boolean;
begin
T_Payor.IndexName := 'PAYORGUID';
Result := T_Payor.FindKey([aPAYORGUID]);
end;
function TPayorDM.GetPayorData: TDRM;
begin
if FPayorDRM.Count = 0 then
FPayorDRM.BuildDRMList(T_Payor);
Result := FPayorDRM;
end;
function TPayorDM.GetRecordCount(const aData:string): Integer;
begin
Result := 0;
if FSQL.Count = 0 then exit;
with Q_Payor do
try
if Active then Close;
SQL := FSQL;
ParamByName('data').AsString := aData;
Open;
Result := RecordCount;
Close;
except on E: EADSDatabaseError do
begin
ErrorMessage := 'GetRecordCount: ERRORCODE: ' + IntToStr(e.ACEErrorCode) +
' ERROR: ' + e.Message;
end;
end;
end;
function TPayorDM.LoadCarriers(const aHide: boolean): TPayors;
begin
OpenTable;
Result.Free;
with T_Payor do
begin
First;
while not EOF do
begin
if T_Payor.FieldByName('HIDE').AsBoolean = aHide then
Result.Add(_LoadRecordFromTable);
Next;
end;
First;
Result.SortByName;
end;
end;
function TPayorDM.LoadPayor: TPayorRecord;
begin
Result.Clear;
try
if not T_Payor.active then exit;
if T_Payor.RecNo = 0 then exit;
Result := _LoadRecordFromTable;
except on E: EADSDatabaseError do
begin
ErrorMessage := 'LoadPayor: ERRORCODE: ' + IntToStr(e.ACEErrorCode) +
' ERROR: ' + e.Message;
end;
end;
end;
function TPayorDM.OpenTable: Boolean;
begin
Result := False;
with T_Payor do
try
if not Active then Open;
FPayorDRM.BuildDRMList(T_Payor);
FPayorDRM.LoadValues(T_Payor); { test }
FPayorDRM.ExportDRMList; { test }
Result := True;
except on E: EADSDatabaseError do
begin
ErrorMessage := 'OpenTable: ERRORCODE: ' + IntToStr(e.ACEErrorCode) +
' ERROR: ' + e.Message;
end;
end;
end;
function TPayorDM.UpdateFromXML(const aPayorNode: TXMLNode): boolean;
var
fKeyData:TXMLNode;
Idx,fPAYORUNIQUE:Integer;
begin
Result := False;
if not Assigned(aPayorNode) then Exit;
try
if FPayorDRM.Count = 0 then
FPayorDRM.BuildDRMList(T_Payor);
FPayorDRM.ClearValues;
fKeyData := aPayorNode.FindNode('KeyData');
FPayorDRM.FindRecordFromKeyData(fKeyData,T_Payor);
fPAYORUNIQUE := FPayorDRM.FieldByName('PAYORUNIQUE').AsInteger;
FPayorDRM.LoadValues(aPayorNode);
if fPAYORUNIQUE = 0 then
begin
FPayorDRM.FieldByName('PAYORUNIQUE').AsInteger := 0;
FPayorDRM.FieldByName('PAYORGUID').AsString := _newIDSTRING;
FPayorDRM.FieldByName('MODIFIED').AsDate := Now;
FPayorDRM.AddRecord(T_Payor)
end
else
begin
FPayorDRM.FieldByName('MODIFIED').AsDate := Now;
FPayorDRM.UpdateRecord(T_Payor);
end;
except on e:exception do
begin
ErrorMessage := 'UpdateFromXML: ERROR: ' + e.Message;
end;
end;
end;
function TPayorDM._LoadRecordFromTable: TPayorRecord;
begin
with T_Payor do
begin
Result.PAYORUNIQUE := FieldByName('PAYORUNIQUE').AsInteger;
Result.PAYORGUID := FieldByName('PAYORGUID').AsString;
Result.MASTERNAME := FieldByName('MASTERNAME').AsString;
Result.MASTERSTREET := FieldByName('MASTERSTREET').AsString;
Result.MASTERCITY := FieldByName('MASTERCITY').AsString;
Result.MASTERSTATE := FieldByName('MASTERSTATE').AsString;
Result.PAYORTYPESTDC := FieldByName('PAYORTYPESTDC').AsInteger;
Result.MASTERZIP := FieldByName('MASTERZIP').AsString;
Result.MASTERATTN := FieldByName('MASTERATTN').AsString;
Result.MASTERPHONE := FieldByName('MASTERPHONE').AsString;
Result.NEICCODE := FieldByName('NEICCODE').AsString;
Result.RTCODE := FieldByName('RTCODE').AsString;
Result.STATEFILTER := FieldByName('STATEFILTER').AsString;
Result.NEICTYPESTDC := FieldByName('NEICTYPESTDC').AsInteger;
Result.PAYORSUBTYPESTDC := FieldByName('PAYORSUBTYPESTDC').AsInteger;
Result.OWNER := FieldByName('OWNER').AsString;
Result.HIDE := FieldByName('HIDE').AsBoolean;
Result.IGRPUNIQUE := FieldByName('IGRPUNIQUE').AsInteger;
Result.FORM := FieldByName('FORM').AsString;
Result.GOVASSIGN := FieldByName('GOVASSIGN').AsBoolean;
Result.CLAIMMAX := FieldByName('CLAIMMAX').AsInteger;
Result.MEDIGAPCODE := FieldByName('MEDIGAPCODE').AsString;
Result.EMCDEST := FieldByName('EMCDEST').AsString;
Result.ASSIGNBENEFITS := FieldByName('ASSIGNBENEFITS').AsBoolean;
Result.BATCHBILL := FieldByName('BATCHBILL').AsBoolean;
Result.MEDIGAPPAYOR := FieldByName('MEDIGAPPAYOR').AsBoolean;
Result.MEDPLANGUID := FieldByName('MEDPLANGUID').AsString;
Result.SRXPLANGUID := FieldByName('SRXPLANGUID').AsString;
Result.PAYPERCENT := FieldByName('PAYPERCENT').AsInteger;
Result.LOCALNAME := FieldByName('LOCALNAME').AsString;
Result.LOCALSTREET := FieldByName('LOCALSTREET').AsString;
Result.LOCALCITY := FieldByName('LOCALCITY').AsString;
Result.LOCALSTATE := FieldByName('LOCALSTATE').AsString;
Result.LOCALZIP := FieldByName('LOCALZIP').AsString;
Result.LOCALATTN := FieldByName('LOCALATTN').AsString;
Result.LOCALPHONE := FieldByName('LOCALPHONE').AsString;
Result.EHRSIGNOFF := FieldByName('EHRSIGNOFF').AsBoolean;
Result.DISCONTINUED := FieldByName('DISCONTINUED').AsDateTime;
Result.MODIFIED := FieldByName('MODIFIED').AsDateTime;
Result.LEGACYPLAN := FieldByName('LEGACYPLAN').AsString;
Result.LEGACYTYPE := FieldByName('LEGACYTYPE').AsString;
Result.AUTHORIZE := FieldByName('AUTHORIZE').AsBoolean;
Result.DISPENSEUPDATE := FieldByName('DISPENSEUPDATE').AsBoolean;
end;
end;
function TPayorDM._newIDSTRING(const aFormat: String): String;
begin
Result := '';
try
with Q_Payor do
try
SQL.Clear;
SQL.Add('SELECT NEWIDSTRING( "' + aFormat + '" ) AS GUID FROM system.iota');
Open;
Result := FieldByName('GUID').AsString;
Close;
except on E: EADSDatabaseError do
begin
ErrorMessage := '_newIDSTRING: ERRORCODE: ' + IntToStr(e.ACEErrorCode) +
' ERROR: ' + e.Message;
end;
end;
finally
end;
end;
procedure TPayorDM._pSetConnectionHandle(const Value: Integer);
begin
if T_Payor.Active then T_Payor.Close;
CommonConnection.SetHandle(Value);
OpenTable;
end;
procedure TPayorDM._pSetErrorMessage(const Value: String);
begin
WriteError('[TPayorDM]' + Value,LogFilename);
end;
procedure TPayorDM._psetSQL(const Value: TStringList);
begin
FSQL := Value;
end;
{ TPayorRecord }
procedure TPayorRecord.Clear;
begin
PAYORUNIQUE := 0;
PAYORGUID := '';
MASTERNAME := '';
MASTERSTREET := '';
MASTERCITY := '';
MASTERSTATE := '';
PAYORTYPESTDC := 0;
MASTERZIP := '';
MASTERATTN := '';
MASTERPHONE := '';
NEICCODE := '';
RTCODE := '';
STATEFILTER := '';
NEICTYPESTDC := 0;
PAYORSUBTYPESTDC := 0;
OWNER := '';
HIDE := False;
IGRPUNIQUE := 0;
FORM := '';
GOVASSIGN := False;
CLAIMMAX := 0;
MEDIGAPCODE := '';
EMCDEST := '';
ASSIGNBENEFITS := False;
BATCHBILL := False;
MEDIGAPPAYOR := False;
MEDPLANGUID := '';
SRXPLANGUID := '';
PAYPERCENT := 0;
LOCALNAME := '';
LOCALSTREET := '';
LOCALCITY := '';
LOCALSTATE := '';
LOCALZIP := '';
LOCALATTN := '';
LOCALPHONE := '';
EHRSIGNOFF := False;
DISCONTINUED := 0;
MODIFIED := 0;
LEGACYPLAN := '';
LEGACYTYPE := '';
AUTHORIZE := False;
DISPENSEUPDATE := False;
end;
{ TPayors }
procedure TPayors.Add(const aItem: TPayorRecord);
begin
SetLength(Items,Count + 1);
Items[Count - 1] := aItem;
end;
function TPayors.CarriersList: TStrings;
var
I: Integer;
begin
Result := TStringList.Create;
Result.Clear;
SortbyName;
try
for I := 0 to Count - 1 do
Result.Add(Items[I].LOCALNAME);
finally
end;
end;
procedure TPayors.Free;
begin
Items := Nil;
end;
function TPayors.GetPayorGuid(const aPAYORUNIQUE: Integer): String;
var
Idx:Integer;
begin
Result := '';
Idx := IndexOfPayorUnique(aPAYORUNIQUE);
if not (Idx = -1) then
Result := Items[Idx].PAYORGUID;
end;
function TPayors.IndexOfIgrpUnique(const aIGRPUNIQUE: Integer): Integer;
var
I: Integer;
begin
Result := -1;
for I := 0 to Count - 1 do
if Items[I].IGRPUNIQUE = aIGRPUNIQUE then
begin
Result := I;
Break;
end;
end;
function TPayors.IndexOfPayorUnique(const aPAYORUNIQUE: Integer): Integer;
var
I: Integer;
begin
Result := -1;
for I := 0 to Count - 1 do
if Items[I].PAYORUNIQUE = aPAYORUNIQUE then
begin
Result := I;
Break;
end;
end;
procedure TPayors.SortByName;
var
fSort:TStringList;
fParse:TStrings;
I,Idx: Integer;
fTempPayor:TPayors;
begin
fSort := TStringList.Create;
fParse := TStringList.Create;
fTempPayor.Items := Self.Items;
fSort.Sorted := True;
try
for I := 0 to Count - 1 do
fSort.Add(Items[I].LOCALNAME + #9 + IntToStr(I));
Items := Nil;
for I := 0 to fSort.Count - 1 do
begin
cbs.utils.ParseDelimited(fParse,fSort[I],#9);
Idx := StrToInt(fParse[1]);
Add(fTempPayor.Items[Idx]);
end;
finally
fTempPayor.Free;
fParse.Free;
fSort.Free;
end;
end;
function TPayors._pGetCount: Integer;
begin
Result := Length(Items);
end;
end.
共有1个答案
仲孙铭
您（很可能）正在双重释放一个字符串列表（并且永远不会释放至少一个）。问题出在您的“SQL”属性（由“FSQL”字段支持）的setter中：
procedure TPayorDM._psetSQL(const Value: TStringList);
begin
FSQL := Value;
end;
在这里，您将失去对已经存在的字符串列表（LHS）的引用。考虑以下场景：
你打电话
PayorDM.SQL := AStringList;
并且您在构造函数中创建的对私有字段的引用也消失了，相反，您保留了对“AStringList”的引用。之后，在某个点上销毁了“AStringList”，现在“FSQL”字段是一个过时的指针。在析构函数中调用
FSQL.Free;
您得到的指针操作无效。
将您的setter更改为：
procedure TPayorDM._psetSQL(const Value: TStringList);
begin
FSQL.Assign(Value);
end;
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根据我的理解， free（）用于释放之前使用malloc分配的内存。 在我下面的片段中，我释放了我分配的内存。但是即使释放后我也能够访问指针？这怎么可能？ free如何在内部工作？
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背景： 我有C背景，刚开始在嵌入式项目中使用C++。 我编写了一个能够处理多个设备的固件，具体取决于最终用户获得设备之前如何通过图形界面配置固件。 每个设备类型由一个类表示。 许多参数在多个（但不是所有）类型的器件之间共享（即电池电平），一些功能也共享（即从EEPROM读取特定于器件类型的内容）。 目标： 能够通过指针访问函数和变量，而不必不断转换void指针。 在调用函数之前，我不应该知道我使用