问题：
Bouncy Castle-此证书具有无效的数字签名
戚泰
我一直在使用bouncy castle生成自签名证书，在更新计算机A上运行的win7操作系统之前，一切都很顺利。更新后，使用CERTMGR查看证书时，证书出现以下错误：此证书具有无效的数字签名。
同一证书不会在未收到Microsoft安全更新的另一台计算机（B）上显示错误。然后，我在B上生成了一个没有错误的新证书，然后将其安装在a上，出现了相同的错误。（此证书的数字签名无效。）
我回到弹跳城堡并运行Org. BouncyCastle中提供的示例中的代码。Pkcs。示例Pkcs12示例和我得到不同的相同结果，具体取决于A上的计算机，它在B上失败是可以的。
是否有人遇到过相同的问题？如何修复此错误？我不想回滚计算机A以删除导致此错误的microsoft更新。如果可能的话，我希望找到一个永久的修复方法
namespace Org.BouncyCastle.Pkcs.Examples
{
/**
* Example of how to set up a certificate chain and a PKCS 12 store for
* a private individual - obviously you'll need to generate your own keys,
* and you may need to add a NetscapeCertType extension or add a key
* usage extension depending on your application, but you should get the
* idea! As always this is just an example...
*/
public class Pkcs12Example
{
private static readonly char[] passwd = "hello world".ToCharArray();
private static readonly X509V1CertificateGenerator v1CertGen = new X509V1CertificateGenerator();
private static readonly X509V3CertificateGenerator v3CertGen = new X509V3CertificateGenerator();
/**
* we generate the CA's certificate
*/
public static X509CertificateEntry CreateMasterCert(
AsymmetricKeyParameter pubKey,
AsymmetricKeyParameter privKey)
{
//
// signers name
//
string issuer = "C=AU, O=The Legion of the Bouncy Castle, OU=Bouncy Primary Certificate";
//
// subjects name - the same as we are self signed.
//
string subject = "C=AU, O=The Legion of the Bouncy Castle, OU=Bouncy Primary Certificate";
//
// create the certificate - version 1
//
v1CertGen.SetSerialNumber(BigInteger.One);
v1CertGen.SetIssuerDN(new X509Name(issuer));
v1CertGen.SetNotBefore(DateTime.UtcNow.AddMonths(-1));
v1CertGen.SetNotAfter(DateTime.UtcNow.AddMonths(1));
v1CertGen.SetSubjectDN(new X509Name(subject));
v1CertGen.SetPublicKey(pubKey);
v1CertGen.SetSignatureAlgorithm("SHA1WithRSAEncryption");
X509Certificate cert = v1CertGen.Generate(privKey);
cert.CheckValidity(DateTime.UtcNow);
cert.Verify(pubKey);
// PKCS12BagAttributeCarrier bagAttr = (PKCS12BagAttributeCarrier)cert;
IDictionary bagAttr = new Hashtable();
//
// this is actually optional - but if you want to have control
// over setting the friendly name this is the way to do it...
//
// bagAttr.setBagAttribute(
// PKCSObjectIdentifiers.pkcs_9_at_friendlyName,
// new DERBMPString("Bouncy Primary Certificate"));
bagAttr.Add(PkcsObjectIdentifiers.Pkcs9AtFriendlyName.Id,
new DerBmpString("Bouncy Primary Certificate"));
return new X509CertificateEntry(cert, bagAttr);
}
/**
* we generate an intermediate certificate signed by our CA
*/
public static X509CertificateEntry CreateIntermediateCert(
AsymmetricKeyParameter pubKey,
AsymmetricKeyParameter caPrivKey,
X509Certificate caCert)
{
//
// subject name table.
//
IDictionary attrs = new Hashtable();
IList order = new ArrayList();
attrs.Add(X509Name.C, "AU");
attrs.Add(X509Name.O, "The Legion of the Bouncy Castle");
attrs.Add(X509Name.OU, "Bouncy Intermediate Certificate");
attrs.Add(X509Name.EmailAddress, "feedback-crypto@bouncycastle.org");
order.Add(X509Name.C);
order.Add(X509Name.O);
order.Add(X509Name.OU);
order.Add(X509Name.EmailAddress);
//
// create the certificate - version 3
//
v3CertGen.Reset();
v3CertGen.SetSerialNumber(BigInteger.Two);
v3CertGen.SetIssuerDN(PrincipalUtilities.GetSubjectX509Principal(caCert));
v3CertGen.SetNotBefore(DateTime.UtcNow.AddMonths(-1));
v3CertGen.SetNotAfter(DateTime.UtcNow.AddMonths(1));
v3CertGen.SetSubjectDN(new X509Name(order, attrs));
v3CertGen.SetPublicKey(pubKey);
v3CertGen.SetSignatureAlgorithm("SHA1WithRSAEncryption");
//
// extensions
//
v3CertGen.AddExtension(
X509Extensions.SubjectKeyIdentifier,
false,
new SubjectKeyIdentifierStructure(pubKey));
v3CertGen.AddExtension(
X509Extensions.AuthorityKeyIdentifier,
false,
new AuthorityKeyIdentifierStructure(caCert));
v3CertGen.AddExtension(
X509Extensions.BasicConstraints,
true,
new BasicConstraints(0));
X509Certificate cert = v3CertGen.Generate(caPrivKey);
cert.CheckValidity(DateTime.UtcNow);
cert.Verify(caCert.GetPublicKey());
IDictionary bagAttr = new Hashtable();
bagAttr.Add(PkcsObjectIdentifiers.Pkcs9AtFriendlyName.Id,
new DerBmpString("Bouncy Intermediate Certificate"));
return new X509CertificateEntry(cert, bagAttr);
}
/**
* we generate a certificate signed by our CA's intermediate certificate
*/
public static X509CertificateEntry CreateCert(
AsymmetricKeyParameter pubKey,
AsymmetricKeyParameter caPrivKey,
AsymmetricKeyParameter caPubKey)
{
//
// signers name table.
//
IDictionary sAttrs = new Hashtable();
IList sOrder = new ArrayList();
sAttrs.Add(X509Name.C, "AU");
sAttrs.Add(X509Name.O, "The Legion of the Bouncy Castle");
sAttrs.Add(X509Name.OU, "Bouncy Intermediate Certificate");
sAttrs.Add(X509Name.EmailAddress, "feedback-crypto@bouncycastle.org");
sOrder.Add(X509Name.C);
sOrder.Add(X509Name.O);
sOrder.Add(X509Name.OU);
sOrder.Add(X509Name.EmailAddress);
//
// subjects name table.
//
IDictionary attrs = new Hashtable();
IList order = new ArrayList();
attrs.Add(X509Name.C, "AU");
attrs.Add(X509Name.O, "The Legion of the Bouncy Castle");
attrs.Add(X509Name.L, "Melbourne");
attrs.Add(X509Name.CN, "Eric H. Echidna");
attrs.Add(X509Name.EmailAddress, "feedback-crypto@bouncycastle.org");
order.Add(X509Name.C);
order.Add(X509Name.O);
order.Add(X509Name.L);
order.Add(X509Name.CN);
order.Add(X509Name.EmailAddress);
//
// create the certificate - version 3
//
v3CertGen.Reset();
v3CertGen.SetSerialNumber(BigInteger.Three);
v3CertGen.SetIssuerDN(new X509Name(sOrder, sAttrs));
v3CertGen.SetNotBefore(DateTime.UtcNow.AddMonths(-1));
v3CertGen.SetNotAfter(DateTime.UtcNow.AddMonths(1));
v3CertGen.SetSubjectDN(new X509Name(order, attrs));
v3CertGen.SetPublicKey(pubKey);
v3CertGen.SetSignatureAlgorithm("SHA1WithRSAEncryption");
//
// add the extensions
//
v3CertGen.AddExtension(
X509Extensions.SubjectKeyIdentifier,
false,
new SubjectKeyIdentifierStructure(pubKey));
v3CertGen.AddExtension(
X509Extensions.AuthorityKeyIdentifier,
false,
new AuthorityKeyIdentifierStructure(caPubKey));
X509Certificate cert = v3CertGen.Generate(caPrivKey);
cert.CheckValidity(DateTime.UtcNow);
cert.Verify(caPubKey);
IDictionary bagAttr = new Hashtable();
bagAttr.Add(PkcsObjectIdentifiers.Pkcs9AtFriendlyName.Id,
new DerBmpString("Eric's Key"));
bagAttr.Add(PkcsObjectIdentifiers.Pkcs9AtLocalKeyID.Id,
new SubjectKeyIdentifierStructure(pubKey));
return new X509CertificateEntry(cert, bagAttr);
}
public static void Main(
string[] args)
{
// Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
//
// personal keys
//
// RSAPublicKeySpec pubKeySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(
RsaKeyParameters pubKey = new RsaKeyParameters(false,
new BigInteger("b4a7e46170574f16a97082b22be58b6a2a629798419be12872a4bdba626cfae9900f76abfb12139dce5de56564fab2b6543165a040c606887420e33d91ed7ed7", 16),
new BigInteger("11", 16));
// RSAPrivateCrtKeySpec privKeySpec = new RSAPrivateCrtKeySpec(
RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters privKey = new RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters(
new BigInteger("b4a7e46170574f16a97082b22be58b6a2a629798419be12872a4bdba626cfae9900f76abfb12139dce5de56564fab2b6543165a040c606887420e33d91ed7ed7", 16),
new BigInteger("11", 16),
new BigInteger("9f66f6b05410cd503b2709e88115d55daced94d1a34d4e32bf824d0dde6028ae79c5f07b580f5dce240d7111f7ddb130a7945cd7d957d1920994da389f490c89", 16),
new BigInteger("c0a0758cdf14256f78d4708c86becdead1b50ad4ad6c5c703e2168fbf37884cb", 16),
new BigInteger("f01734d7960ea60070f1b06f2bb81bfac48ff192ae18451d5e56c734a5aab8a5", 16),
new BigInteger("b54bb9edff22051d9ee60f9351a48591b6500a319429c069a3e335a1d6171391", 16),
new BigInteger("d3d83daf2a0cecd3367ae6f8ae1aeb82e9ac2f816c6fc483533d8297dd7884cd", 16),
new BigInteger("b8f52fc6f38593dabb661d3f50f8897f8106eee68b1bce78a95b132b4e5b5d19", 16));
//
// intermediate keys.
//
// RSAPublicKeySpec intPubKeySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(
RsaKeyParameters intPubKey = new RsaKeyParameters(false,
new BigInteger("8de0d113c5e736969c8d2b047a243f8fe18edad64cde9e842d3669230ca486f7cfdde1f8eec54d1905fff04acc85e61093e180cadc6cea407f193d44bb0e9449b8dbb49784cd9e36260c39e06a947299978c6ed8300724e887198cfede20f3fbde658fa2bd078be946a392bd349f2b49c486e20c405588e306706c9017308e69", 16),
new BigInteger("ffff", 16));
// RSAPrivateCrtKeySpec intPrivKeySpec = new RSAPrivateCrtKeySpec(
RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters intPrivKey = new RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters(
new BigInteger("8de0d113c5e736969c8d2b047a243f8fe18edad64cde9e842d3669230ca486f7cfdde1f8eec54d1905fff04acc85e61093e180cadc6cea407f193d44bb0e9449b8dbb49784cd9e36260c39e06a947299978c6ed8300724e887198cfede20f3fbde658fa2bd078be946a392bd349f2b49c486e20c405588e306706c9017308e69", 16),
new BigInteger("ffff", 16),
new BigInteger("7deb1b194a85bcfd29cf871411468adbc987650903e3bacc8338c449ca7b32efd39ffc33bc84412fcd7df18d23ce9d7c25ea910b1ae9985373e0273b4dca7f2e0db3b7314056ac67fd277f8f89cf2fd73c34c6ca69f9ba477143d2b0e2445548aa0b4a8473095182631da46844c356f5e5c7522eb54b5a33f11d730ead9c0cff", 16),
new BigInteger("ef4cede573cea47f83699b814de4302edb60eefe426c52e17bd7870ec7c6b7a24fe55282ebb73775f369157726fcfb988def2b40350bdca9e5b418340288f649", 16),
new BigInteger("97c7737d1b9a0088c3c7b528539247fd2a1593e7e01cef18848755be82f4a45aa093276cb0cbf118cb41117540a78f3fc471ba5d69f0042274defc9161265721", 16),
new BigInteger("6c641094e24d172728b8da3c2777e69adfd0839085be7e38c7c4a2dd00b1ae969f2ec9d23e7e37090fcd449a40af0ed463fe1c612d6810d6b4f58b7bfa31eb5f", 16),
new BigInteger("70b7123e8e69dfa76feb1236d0a686144b00e9232ed52b73847e74ef3af71fb45ccb24261f40d27f98101e230cf27b977a5d5f1f15f6cf48d5cb1da2a3a3b87f", 16),
new BigInteger("e38f5750d97e270996a286df2e653fd26c242106436f5bab0f4c7a9e654ce02665d5a281f2c412456f2d1fa26586ef04a9adac9004ca7f913162cb28e13bf40d", 16));
//
// ca keys
//
// RSAPublicKeySpec caPubKeySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(
RsaKeyParameters caPubKey = new RsaKeyParameters(false,
new BigInteger("b259d2d6e627a768c94be36164c2d9fc79d97aab9253140e5bf17751197731d6f7540d2509e7b9ffee0a70a6e26d56e92d2edd7f85aba85600b69089f35f6bdbf3c298e05842535d9f064e6b0391cb7d306e0a2d20c4dfb4e7b49a9640bdea26c10ad69c3f05007ce2513cee44cfe01998e62b6c3637d3fc0391079b26ee36d5", 16),
new BigInteger("11", 16));
// RSAPrivateCrtKeySpec caPrivKeySpec = new RSAPrivateCrtKeySpec(
RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters caPrivKey = new RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters(
new BigInteger("b259d2d6e627a768c94be36164c2d9fc79d97aab9253140e5bf17751197731d6f7540d2509e7b9ffee0a70a6e26d56e92d2edd7f85aba85600b69089f35f6bdbf3c298e05842535d9f064e6b0391cb7d306e0a2d20c4dfb4e7b49a9640bdea26c10ad69c3f05007ce2513cee44cfe01998e62b6c3637d3fc0391079b26ee36d5", 16),
new BigInteger("11", 16),
new BigInteger("92e08f83cc9920746989ca5034dcb384a094fb9c5a6288fcc4304424ab8f56388f72652d8fafc65a4b9020896f2cde297080f2a540e7b7ce5af0b3446e1258d1dd7f245cf54124b4c6e17da21b90a0ebd22605e6f45c9f136d7a13eaac1c0f7487de8bd6d924972408ebb58af71e76fd7b012a8d0e165f3ae2e5077a8648e619", 16),
new BigInteger("f75e80839b9b9379f1cf1128f321639757dba514642c206bbbd99f9a4846208b3e93fbbe5e0527cc59b1d4b929d9555853004c7c8b30ee6a213c3d1bb7415d03", 16),
new BigInteger("b892d9ebdbfc37e397256dd8a5d3123534d1f03726284743ddc6be3a709edb696fc40c7d902ed804c6eee730eee3d5b20bf6bd8d87a296813c87d3b3cc9d7947", 16),
new BigInteger("1d1a2d3ca8e52068b3094d501c9a842fec37f54db16e9a67070a8b3f53cc03d4257ad252a1a640eadd603724d7bf3737914b544ae332eedf4f34436cac25ceb5", 16),
new BigInteger("6c929e4e81672fef49d9c825163fec97c4b7ba7acb26c0824638ac22605d7201c94625770984f78a56e6e25904fe7db407099cad9b14588841b94f5ab498dded", 16),
new BigInteger("dae7651ee69ad1d081ec5e7188ae126f6004ff39556bde90e0b870962fa7b926d070686d8244fe5a9aa709a95686a104614834b0ada4b10f53197a5cb4c97339", 16));
//
// set up the keys
//
// KeyFactory fact = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA", "BC");
// PrivateKey caPrivKey = fact.generatePrivate(caPrivKeySpec);
// PublicKey caPubKey = fact.generatePublic(caPubKeySpec);
// PrivateKey intPrivKey = fact.generatePrivate(intPrivKeySpec);
// PublicKey intPubKey = fact.generatePublic(intPubKeySpec);
// PrivateKey privKey = fact.generatePrivate(privKeySpec);
// PublicKey pubKey = fact.generatePublic(pubKeySpec);
X509CertificateEntry[] chain = new X509CertificateEntry[3];
chain[2] = CreateMasterCert(caPubKey, caPrivKey);
chain[1] = CreateIntermediateCert(intPubKey, caPrivKey, chain[2].Certificate);
chain[0] = CreateCert(pubKey, intPrivKey, intPubKey);
IDictionary bagAttr = new Hashtable();
bagAttr.Add(PkcsObjectIdentifiers.Pkcs9AtFriendlyName.Id,
new DerBmpString("Eric's Key"));
bagAttr.Add(PkcsObjectIdentifiers.Pkcs9AtLocalKeyID.Id,
new SubjectKeyIdentifierStructure(pubKey));
//
// store the key and the certificate chain
//
// KeyStore store = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12", "BC");
// store.load(null, null);
Pkcs12Store store = new Pkcs12StoreBuilder().Build();
//
// if you haven't set the friendly name and local key id above
// the name below will be the name of the key
//
store.SetKeyEntry("Eric's Key", new AsymmetricKeyEntry(privKey, bagAttr), chain);
// FileOutputStream fOut = new FileOutputStream("id.p12");
//
// store.store(fOut, passwd);
FileStream fOut = File.Create("id.p12");
store.Save(fOut, passwd, new SecureRandom());
fOut.Close();
X509Certificate cert2 = chain[2].Certificate;
// convert to "Microsoft" x509cert.
System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate newcert2 = Org.BouncyCastle.Security.DotNetUtilities.ToX509Certificate(cert2);
//convert to Microsoft X509Certificate to Microsoft X509Certificate2
System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2 netcert2 = new System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2(newcert2);
netcert2.FriendlyName = "AAAA root certificate";
PutCertificateInstore(netcert2);
X509Certificate cert1 = chain[1].Certificate;
// convert to "Microsoft" x509cert.
System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate newcert1 = Org.BouncyCastle.Security.DotNetUtilities.ToX509Certificate(cert1);
//convert to Microsoft X509Certificate to Microsoft X509Certificate2
System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2 netcert1 = new System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2(newcert1);
netcert1.FriendlyName = "AAAA Intermediate Certificate";
PutCertificateInstore(netcert1);
X509Certificate cert0 = chain[0].Certificate;
// convert to "Microsoft" x509cert.
System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate newcert0 = Org.BouncyCastle.Security.DotNetUtilities.ToX509Certificate(cert0);
//convert to Microsoft X509Certificate to Microsoft X509Certificate2
System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2 netcert0 = new System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2(newcert0);
netcert0.FriendlyName = "AAAA key for hostName: " ;
PutCertificateInstore(netcert0);
}
public static void PutCertificateInstore(System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2 ServerCertificate)
{
System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Store store = new System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Store(System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.StoreName.AuthRoot, System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.StoreLocation.LocalMachine);
store.Open(System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.OpenFlags.ReadWrite);
store.Add(ServerCertificate);
store.Close();
}
private static void CreateCertNew(out System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider rcsp, out System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2 importcert)
{
X509Name x2 = new X509Name("CN=Some Root CA, C=NL, OU=BleedingEdge, ST=Somewhere, L=Somelane");
RsaKeyPairGenerator rkpg = new RsaKeyPairGenerator();
rkpg.Init(new KeyGenerationParameters(new SecureRandom(), 2048));
AsymmetricCipherKeyPair ackp = rkpg.GenerateKeyPair();
RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters rsaprivkey = ((RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters)ackp.Private);
ArrayList us = new ArrayList
{
KeyPurposeID.IdKPCodeSigning,
KeyPurposeID.IdKPEmailProtection,
KeyPurposeID.IdKPIpsecEndSystem,
KeyPurposeID.IdKPIpsecTunnel,
KeyPurposeID.IdKPServerAuth,
KeyPurposeID.IdKPTimeStamping,
KeyPurposeID.IdKPOcspSigning,
KeyPurposeID.IdKPClientAuth,
KeyPurposeID.IdKPIpsecUser
};
X509V3CertificateGenerator certgen = new X509V3CertificateGenerator();
certgen.SetIssuerDN(x2);
certgen.SetSubjectDN(x2);
certgen.SetPublicKey(ackp.Public);
certgen.SetSerialNumber(new BigInteger("1"));
certgen.SetSignatureAlgorithm("SHA1WITHRSA");
certgen.SetNotAfter(DateTime.Today.AddYears(10));
certgen.SetNotBefore(DateTime.Today);
certgen.AddExtension(X509Extensions.ExtendedKeyUsage, false, new ExtendedKeyUsage(us));
certgen.AddExtension(X509Extensions.KeyUsage, true,
new KeyUsage(KeyUsage.CrlSign | KeyUsage.KeyCertSign));
certgen.AddExtension(X509Extensions.BasicConstraints, true, new BasicConstraints(true));
X509Certificate cert = certgen.Generate(ackp.Private);
System.Security.Cryptography.CspParameters cparms = new System.Security.Cryptography.CspParameters
{
CryptoKeySecurity = new System.Security.AccessControl.CryptoKeySecurity(),
Flags = System.Security.Cryptography.CspProviderFlags.UseMachineKeyStore,
};
rcsp = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(cparms);
System.Security.Cryptography.RSAParameters parms = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAParameters
{
Modulus = rsaprivkey.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
P = rsaprivkey.P.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
Q = rsaprivkey.Q.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
DP = rsaprivkey.DP.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
DQ = rsaprivkey.DQ.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
InverseQ = rsaprivkey.QInv.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
D = rsaprivkey.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned(),
Exponent = rsaprivkey.PublicExponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()
};
rcsp.ImportParameters(parms);
importcert = new System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.X509Certificate2(DotNetUtilities.ToX509Certificate(cert));
}
}
}
共有3个答案
冀冯浩
我出现这个问题是因为我使用了错误的私钥，而不是与CA证书相对应的私钥。从技术上讲，我正在生成一个新的私钥，我不知道为什么。这是一个愚蠢的错误，但值得一提的是，我几天来一直在努力寻找错误。
宋鸿云
我认为问题是由您个人证书中的512位密钥大小引起的。就在您开始观察问题的时候，Microsoft发布了一个安全补丁（KB2661254），该补丁阻止RSA密钥长度小于1024位。
尝试创建1024位或更高密钥长度的个人证书，看看问题是否消失。
阎德业
我自己使用PKCS12-证书进行一些测试，我可能已经对您/我的问题有了一个想法。
如果根本没有注册的根证书，或者注册的根证书与当前证书链（旧版本）中的一个证书不匹配，则我会收到关于任何结束证书的无效签名的上述错误。
如果没有注册的根证书，它只会声明它无法验证签名。
如果确实存在匹配的根证书，它将声明签名有效。
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我最近获得了一个web站点的新证书，并按照推荐使用SHA-2签名算法生成了该证书。在我尝试用Java（Java.net.urlconnection）建立到该web站点的安全连接之前，一切看起来都很好，这导致了一个 这通常在自签名证书中发生。只是这不是一个自签名证书，而且HTTPS请求在浏览器中运行良好。
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下面是我的场景--我从条形码中读取数据，并将其转换为纯文本。本文是条码数据+数字签名的结合。数字签名附加在末尾，使我能够分离出实际数据和数字签名数据。数字签名数据使用sha256哈希-用户将公钥作为windows证书文件()发送给我。 所需实现：-需要从证书中提取公钥，并根据提供的条形码数据和数字签名验证公钥。 问题：
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由认证机构签署的X509数字证书包含这两个字段。1.签名算法2.签名值我知道“签名算法”字段包含认证机构用来签署证书的哈希算法。“签名值”是哈希计算的签名。我的问题是哈希处理的数据是什么？是作为企业社会责任（证书签名请求）一部分的公钥还是整个企业社会责任的公钥？
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我的手被https、ssl、PKI之类的东西弄得脏兮兮的。对于自签名证书，有一点我不太理解。假设我想创建一个自签名证书，并在我们想要建立安全连接时将其发送给我的朋友。 所以步骤是： 创建一个私钥。 创建一个公钥。 用我的公钥在证书上签名。 因此，当我的朋友得到我的证书时，他必须验证他得到的证书是我的，他需要解密数字签名。但为了解密和验证他必须拥有我的私钥。所以，我有点困惑。