未完成验证，在编写JUnit测试用例时缺少验证（mock）的方法调用

Question

我正在面对

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.UnfinishedVerificationException: 
Missing method call for verify(mock) here:
-> at systemservice.test1.SysParamsBuilderTest.testBuildProcessingInfoIf3(SysParamsBuilderTest.java:241)

我已经检查了所有参数和要传递以验证的对象，但无法找出导致上述异常的原因

我要测试的条件，

if( request.getProcessType() == IPRequest.IPREQUEST_TYPE_DE )
{

     LookInfoIf rdr = new MCLLookInfoReader();

    String origAnatomy = accessor.getValue(AttributeRepNames.ANATOMY_INFO.getTagName());
    String origView = accessor.getValue(AttributeRepNames.VIEW_INFO.getTagName());
    String origPatSize = accessor.getValue(AttributeRepNames.PATIENT_SIZE.getTagName());
    String mclPatSize = getMclPatientSize(origPatSize);
    String boneLook = rdr.getDefaultLook(origAnatomy,origView,core.MCLConstants.IMAGETYPEBONETAG,mclPatSize);
    String tissueLook = rdr.getDefaultLook(origAnatomy,origView,core.MCLConstants.IMAGETYPESOFTTISSUETAG,mclPatSize);

    params.setProcessingLookBone(boneLook);
    params.setProcessingLookTissue(tissueLook);
        params.setAnatomy(origAnatomy);
        params.setView(origView);
        params.setPatientSize(origPatSize);

}

测试用例

@Test
    public void testBuildProcessingInfoIf3() throws Exception
    {
        IPRequest req=new IPRequest(1);//value of IPRequest.IPREQUEST_TYPE_DE

        IPSysParams iPSysParams = Mockito.mock(IPSysParams.class);
        PowerMockito.whenNew(IPSysParams.class).withNoArguments().thenReturn(iPSysParams);

        TagAccessor accessor=Mockito.mock(TagAccessor.class);

        MCLLookInfoReader rdr=Mockito.mock(MCLLookInfoReader.class);
        PowerMockito.whenNew(MCLLookInfoReader.class).withNoArguments().thenReturn(rdr);

        Mockito.when(accessor.getValue(AttributeRepNames.ANATOMY_INFO.getTagName())).thenReturn("ANATOMY_INFO");
        Mockito.when(accessor.getValue(AttributeRepNames.VIEW_INFO.getTagName())).thenReturn("VIEW_INFO");
        Mockito.when(accessor.getValue(AttributeRepNames.PATIENT_SIZE.getTagName())).thenReturn("PATIENT_SIZE");
        Mockito.when(rdr.getDefaultLook("ANATOMY_INFO","VIEW_INFO",core.MCLConstants.IMAGETYPEBONETAG,"All")).thenReturn("boneLook");
        Mockito.when(rdr.getDefaultLook("ANATOMY_INFO","VIEW_INFO",core.MCLConstants.IMAGETYPESOFTTISSUETAG,"All")).thenReturn("tissueLook");

        sysParamsBuilder.buildProcessingInfo(req, info);

        String origAnatomy=accessor.getValue(AttributeRepNames.ANATOMY_INFO.getTagName());
        assertEquals("ANATOMY_INFO",origAnatomy);

        String origView=accessor.getValue(AttributeRepNames.VIEW_INFO.getTagName());
        assertEquals("VIEW_INFO",origView);

        String origPatSize=accessor.getValue(AttributeRepNames.PATIENT_SIZE.getTagName());
        assertEquals("PATIENT_SIZE",origPatSize);

        PowerMockito.verifyPrivate(sysParamsBuilder).invoke("getMclPatientSize",origPatSize);//line 241

        String boneLook=rdr.getDefaultLook("ANATOMY_INFO","VIEW_INFO",core.MCLConstants.IMAGETYPEBONETAG,"All");
        assertEquals("boneLook",boneLook);

        String tissueLook=rdr.getDefaultLook("ANATOMY_INFO","VIEW_INFO",core.MCLConstants.IMAGETYPESOFTTISSUETAG,"All");
        assertEquals("tissueLook",tissueLook);

        Mockito.verify(iPSysParams).setProcessingLookBone(boneLook);//line 244
        Mockito.verify(iPSysParams).setProcessingLookTissue(tissueLook);

        // fill the Anatomy View accrodingly
        Mockito.verify(iPSysParams,Mockito.times(1)).setAnatomy(origAnatomy);
        Mockito.verify(iPSysParams).setView(origView);
        Mockito.verify(iPSysParams).setPatientSize(origPatSize);

    }

堆栈跟踪

org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.UnfinishedVerificationException: 
Missing method call for verify(mock) here:
-> at systemservice.test1.SysParamsBuilderTest.testBuildProcessingInfoIf3(SysParamsBuilderTest.java:241)

Example of correct verification:
    verify(mock).doSomething()

Also, this error might show up because you verify either of: final/private/equals()/hashCode() methods.
Those methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified.

    at systemservice.test1.SysParamsBuilderTest.testBuildProcessingInfoIf3(SysParamsBuilderTest.java:244)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.TestMethod.invoke(TestMethod.java:66)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:310)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie$2.run(MethodRoadie.java:86)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(MethodRoadie.java:94)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.executeTest(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:294)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$PowerMockJUnit44MethodRunner.runBeforesThenTestThenAfters(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:282)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.runTest(MethodRoadie.java:84)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.MethodRoadie.run(MethodRoadie.java:49)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.invokeTestMethod(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:207)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.runMethods(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:146)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl$1.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:120)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runUnprotected(ClassRoadie.java:34)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.ClassRoadie.runProtected(ClassRoadie.java:44)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.internal.impl.PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.run(PowerMockJUnit44RunnerDelegateImpl.java:122)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.run(JUnit4TestSuiteChunkerImpl.java:104)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.common.internal.impl.AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.run(AbstractCommonPowerMockRunner.java:53)
    at org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner.run(PowerMockRunner.java:53)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)

我用同样的方法做了其他测试用例，它已经工作了，但是我不知道为什么它在这里不起作用，而且所有的方法都是公开的。请帮我弄清楚，谢谢

Answer 1

从错误消息中：

可能会出现错误，因为您验证了以下方法之一：final/private/equals（）/hashCode（）。这些方法无法存根/验证。

所以检查一下这些方法

    Mockito.verify(iPSysParams).setProcessingLookBone(boneLook);
    Mockito.verify(iPSysParams).setProcessingLookTissue(tissueLook);
    Mockito.verify(iPSysParams,Mockito.times(1)).setAnatomy(origAnatomy);
    Mockito.verify(iPSysParams).setView(origView);
    Mockito.verify(iPSysParams).setPatientSize(origPatSize);

是最终版本。

Answer 2

我不理解这里的mockito错误；但我的回答是另一个方向：不要这样验证。

您在这里遵循一种几乎相反的模式：您希望对生产代码中发生的几乎每一个调用都使用mocking/验证。这意味着生产代码中的细微变化总是会直接影响您的单元测试。即使您的方法的“契约”保持不变，当您使用这种验证风格时，您的单元测试也会很快中断。

我的建议是：不必验证对象是否看到大量setter调用，您可以按照以下方式执行操作：

Params expectedParams = ... 
Params actualParams = underTest.whatever();
assertThat(actualParams, is(expectedParams));

如果简单的“equals”检查hamcrestis匹配器在这里不起作用；您仍然可以创建自己的匹配器。

换句话说：不要在单元测试中“微观管理”生产代码。

专注于编写允许测试的代码，而不关心内部的工作方式。相反，检查方法生成的“输出”！

示例：假设您像上面所做的那样对一些params对象进行所有模拟验证；但最后，您的方法返回其他一些params对象。。。那么您的单元测试可能通过了；但是整个方法都是错误的，因为它给了你错误的结果。

Answer 3

从异常消息中，问题是这一行：

PowerMockito.verifyPrivate(sysParamsBuilder).invoke("getMclPatientSize",origPatSize);//line 241

使用google搜索powermockito verifyprivate not working，我发现以下页面：https://groups.google.com/forum/#哦！主题/powermock/CEdP24sb\U HY

简而言之，如果您想使用PowerMockito监视您的对象，那么您不能这样做

    SysParamsBuilder sysParamsBuilder = Mockito.spy(new SysParamsBuilder(...));

相反，你需要

    SysParamsBuilder sysParamsBuilder = PowerMockito.spy(new SysParamsBuilder(...));

否则，如果您尝试使用PowerMockito验证私有方法调用，您将看到异常。