Spring或hibernate连接泄漏

Question

我在webapp（hibernate-core-4.3.8。Final和Spring 3.2.11。RELEASE）上使用Spring和hibernate。我使用hikaricp（v 2.2.5）作为连接池impl，它检测连接泄漏并打印下面的stacktrac。我使用Spring的声明性事务划分，因此我假设资源的管理和清理是由Spring/hibernate完成的。因此，我认为Spring或hibernate是检测到的连接泄漏的原因。

基本上，有一个计时器，它在启动时调用一个标有@Transactional注释的Springbean。

 @Transactional public class InvoiceCycleExporter {
public runExportInvoiceCycleJob(){
  //this method when called is **sometimes** leaking a connection ....
} }

你能帮我追踪连接泄漏的来源吗？

我的appcontext。数据源、连接池和entitymanager的xml配置如下

 <bean id="hikariConfig" class="com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariConfig">
    <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    <property name="maximumPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maximumPoolSize}"/>
    <property name="driverClassName" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/>
    <property name="leakDetectionThreshold" value="${jdbc.leakDetectionThreshold}"/>
</bean>

<bean id="dataSource" class="com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource" destroy-method="shutdown">
    <constructor-arg ref="hikariConfig"/>
</bean>

<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">        
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="velosPU"/>
    <property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="classpath:META-INF/persistence.xml"/>       //more stuff ....   
 </bean>

stacktrace如下：

2015-01-13 14:25:00.123 [Hikari Housekeeping Timer (pool HikariPool-0)] WARN  com.zaxxer.hikari.util.LeakTask - Connection leak detection triggered, stack trace follows
java.lang.Exception: null
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.connections.internal.DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.getConnection(DatasourceConnectionProviderImpl.java:139) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.8.Final.jar:4.3.8.Final]
        at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSessionImpl$NonContextualJdbcConnectionAccess.obtainConnection(AbstractSessionImpl.java:380) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.8.Final.jar:4.3.8.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.LogicalConnectionImpl.obtainConnection(LogicalConnectionImpl.java:228) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.8.Final.jar:4.3.8.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.LogicalConnectionImpl.getConnection(LogicalConnectionImpl.java:171) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.8.Final.jar:4.3.8.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.jdbc.JdbcTransaction.doBegin(JdbcTransaction.java:67) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.8.Final.jar:4.3.8.Final]
        at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.AbstractTransactionImpl.begin(AbstractTransactionImpl.java:162) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.8.Final.jar:4.3.8.Final]
        at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.beginTransaction(SessionImpl.java:1435) ~[hibernate-core-4.3.8.Final.jar:4.3.8.Final]
        at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.TransactionImpl.begin(TransactionImpl.java:61) ~[hibernate-entitymanager-4.3.8.Final.jar:4.3.8.Final]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.DefaultJpaDialect.beginTransaction(DefaultJpaDialect.java:70) ~[spring-orm-3.2.11.RELEASE.jar:3.2.11.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.beginTransaction(HibernateJpaDialect.java:61) ~[spring-orm-3.2.11.RELEASE.jar:3.2.11.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doBegin(JpaTransactionManager.java:378) ~[spring-orm-3.2.11.RELEASE.jar:3.2.11.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.getTransaction(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:372) ~[spring-tx-3.2.11.RELEASE.jar:3.2.11.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.createTransactionIfNecessary(TransactionAspectSupport.java:417) ~[spring-tx-3.2.11.RELEASE.jar:3.2.11.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:255) ~[spring-tx-3.2.11.RELEASE.jar:3.2.11.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:94) ~[spring-tx-3.2.11.RELEASE.jar:3.2.11.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) ~[spring-aop-3.2.11.RELEASE.jar:3.2.11.RELEASE]
        at org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:633) ~[spring-aop-3.2.11.RELEASE.jar:3.2.11.RELEASE]
        at com.ukfuels.velos.services.bl.internalinterface.impl.bl.invoicing.**InvoiceCycleExporter (this is the spring bean marked with the transactional annotation)**$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$519c078f.runExportInvoiceCycleJob(<generated>) ~[spring-core-3.2.11.RELEASE.jar:na]
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.7.0_65]
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) ~[na:1.7.0_65]
        at org.apache.camel.component.bean.BeanProcessor.process(BeanProcessor.java:67) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.impl.ProcessorEndpoint.onExchange(ProcessorEndpoint.java:103) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.impl.ProcessorEndpoint$1.process(ProcessorEndpoint.java:71) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.util.AsyncProcessorConverterHelper$ProcessorToAsyncProcessorBridge.process(AsyncProcessorConverterHelper.java:61) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.util.AsyncProcessorHelper.process(AsyncProcessorHelper.java:73) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.SendProcessor$2.doInAsyncProducer(SendProcessor.java:122) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.impl.ProducerCache.doInAsyncProducer(ProducerCache.java:298) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.SendProcessor.process(SendProcessor.java:117) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.util.AsyncProcessorHelper.process(AsyncProcessorHelper.java:73) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.processNext(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:99) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.process(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:90) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.management.InstrumentationProcessor.process(InstrumentationProcessor.java:72) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.util.AsyncProcessorHelper.process(AsyncProcessorHelper.java:73) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.processNext(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:99) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.process(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:90) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.interceptor.BacklogTracerInterceptor.process(BacklogTracerInterceptor.java:84) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.util.AsyncProcessorHelper.process(AsyncProcessorHelper.java:73) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.processNext(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:99) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.process(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:90) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.interceptor.TraceInterceptor.process(TraceInterceptor.java:91) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.util.AsyncProcessorHelper.process(AsyncProcessorHelper.java:73) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.RedeliveryErrorHandler.processErrorHandler(RedeliveryErrorHandler.java:391) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.RedeliveryErrorHandler.process(RedeliveryErrorHandler.java:273) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.RouteContextProcessor.processNext(RouteContextProcessor.java:46) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.process(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:90) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.interceptor.DefaultChannel.process(DefaultChannel.java:335) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.RouteContextProcessor.processNext(RouteContextProcessor.java:46) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.process(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:90) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.UnitOfWorkProcessor.processAsync(UnitOfWorkProcessor.java:150) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.UnitOfWorkProcessor.process(UnitOfWorkProcessor.java:117) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.RouteInflightRepositoryProcessor.processNext(RouteInflightRepositoryProcessor.java:48) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.process(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:90) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.util.AsyncProcessorHelper.process(AsyncProcessorHelper.java:73) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.processNext(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:99) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.DelegateAsyncProcessor.process(DelegateAsyncProcessor.java:90) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.management.InstrumentationProcessor.process(InstrumentationProcessor.java:72) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.util.AsyncProcessorHelper.process(AsyncProcessorHelper.java:73) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.loadbalancer.QueueLoadBalancer.process(QueueLoadBalancer.java:44) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.util.AsyncProcessorHelper.process(AsyncProcessorHelper.java:99) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.processor.loadbalancer.QueueLoadBalancer.process(QueueLoadBalancer.java:71) ~[camel-core-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.component.quartz.QuartzEndpoint.onJobExecute(QuartzEndpoint.java:113) ~[camel-quartz-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.apache.camel.component.quartz.CamelJob.execute(CamelJob.java:61) ~[camel-quartz-2.11.4.jar:2.11.4]
        at org.quartz.core.JobRunShell.run(JobRunShell.java:223) ~[quartz-1.8.6.jar:na]
        at org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool$WorkerThread.run(SimpleThreadPool.java:549) ~[quartz-1.8.6.jar:na] **(a timer is triggered)**

Answer 1

这里主要讨论了这个问题：

https://github.com/brettwooldridge/HikariCP/issues/34

要缩小问题范围：

1. 使用Hibernate 4尝试Spring 4
2. 尝试其他数据源以查看问题是否仍然存在

Answer 2

这里是一些信息，我认为可能是有用的调试连接泄漏一般

>

排除假警报。例如，如果您有一个可能运行5分钟的事务（例如，在生成大型报告时），并且您已将“leakDetectionThreshold”参数（或所选池实现的等效参数）设置为4分钟，然后，任何耗时超过4分钟的事务都将被报告为泄漏，即使它可能不是真正的泄漏（事务可以在5分钟后正常完成并充分释放所有连接）

如果您正在使用连接池，但偶尔会发现连接不足，请考虑如何配置连接池。在我的例子中，我将池配置为“maximumPoolSize”=100。Hikari将自动默认“minimumIdle”配置（HikariCP尝试在池中维护的最小空闲连接数）与“maximumPoolSize”的配置相同，因此启动时池将使用所有最大100个连接进行初始化。但这意味着，当“maxLifetime”（池中连接的最大生存期）启动时，所有连接都必须同时更新。这导致可用连接的临时急剧减少。在我的日志中，我偶尔会看到以下几行。

HikariPool-0（总计=100，因努斯=0，可用=100，等待=0）
HikariPool-0（总计=4，因努斯=0，可用=4，等待=0）
HikariPool-0（总计=100，因努斯=0，可用=100，等待=0）

第二行中，可用连接数下降到只有4个，这是在达到“maxLifetime”且连接需要更新时。因此，在配置池时，请确保连接在不同的时间过期。在我的例子中，我只是简单地将“minimumIdle”更改为40，这意味着随着服务器上负载的增加，将以增量方式获取新的连接（看看您的pool impl是否提供了与minToAcquire属性等效的连接），因此这些连接将具有不同的到期日期。

您的连接“maxLifetime”需要小于数据库为连接分配/期望的值，以便不会在池中出现无效的连接。更新：某些数据库可能会在一段时间后强制断开连接。例如，postgres有“connectionTimeout”和“SockettTimeout”选项。因此，在应用程序的连接池中，您不希望保持连接的时间超过此db强制连接超时的时间，因为否则您将保持无效/已断开的连接。