使用TestRestTemplate进行SpringBoot测试是否总是需要@SpringBootTest注释

Question

@WebMvcTest(MyController.class)
class MyControllerSpec extends Specification {

@Autowired
MockMvc mockMvc;

def "test"() {
   def mockRequest = "something"

   when: "we make call"
   def response = mockMvc.perform(post("/getuser")
            .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
            .content(mockRequest))
            .andReturn().response

   then: "we get response"
   response.status == OK.value()
   }
}

Unable to start EmbeddedWebApplicationContext 
due to missing EmbeddedServletContainerFactory bean

我使用TestRestTemplate的测试代码：

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT, 
                classes = [TestConfigure.class])
@DirtiesContext(classMode = DirtiesContext.ClassMode.BEFORE_EACH_TEST_METHOD)
class  MyControllerSpec extends Specification {

@LocalServerPort
private int port;

@Autowired
TestRestTemplate restTemplate

private String createURLWithPort(String uri) {
    return "http://localhost:" + port + uri;
}

def "Integration Success Senario"() {

    given: ""
    when: "we try to get a user using a rest call"

    def request = new User(name, address)

    String jsonResponse = 
       restTemplate.postForObject(createURLWithPort("/getuser"), 
                                  request, String.class)

    .....
   }
 }

Answer 1

该错误只是告诉您，集成测试缺少一个用于运行测试中的web服务的servlet容器。您只需要以某种方式配置这个容器。您可以手动执行，也可以允许Spring以与使用@SpringBootApplication或@EnableAutoConfiguration时相同的方式执行。因此，只需将@enableAutoConfiguration放在集成测试类上，或者通过在测试内部声明一个静态类来创建测试配置，并在其上标记put the annotation。正如评论中所建议的，以下假设是错误的

看来我必须为所有bean创建一个testconfigure.class...

下面是没有任何用户定义bean的工作示例，其中Spring只返回404用于不存在的方法：

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@DirtiesContext(classMode = DirtiesContext.ClassMode.BEFORE_EACH_TEST_METHOD)
class MyControllerSpec extends Specification {
    @LocalServerPort
    private int port

    @Autowired
    TestRestTemplate restTemplate

    def "Integration Success Senario"() {
        given: ""
        def request = new User("name", "address")

        when: "we try to get a user using a rest call"
        def response = restTemplate.postForObject(createURLWithPort("/getuser"), request, Map.class)

        then:
        response.status == 404

    }

    private String createURLWithPort(String uri) {
        return "http://localhost:" + port + uri
    }

    @EnableAutoConfiguration //it configures the servlet container
    @Configuration
    static class TestConfig {

    }
}