如何在pygame中从if语句中blit文本？

Question

我一直在为我的第一个项目做这个骰子游戏，我把一切都准备好了，我只是不知道如何在窗口上显示结果。一切都应该正确格式化，但我得到一个错误，说参数1必须pyplay.表面，不是pyplay。Rect。如何显示谁赢对了？

这里是我的代码供参考...

import pygame
import random
import os
import os.path

WIDTH = 750
HEIGHT = 750
FPS = 60
QUARTER_WIDTH = WIDTH // 4
MIDDLE_HEIGHT = HEIGHT // 2
white = (255, 255, 255)

pygame.init()
pygame.font.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("Dice Game")

# Fonts and Text
title_font = pygame.font.SysFont("comicsans", 70)
title_label = title_font.render("Would You like to roll? Y/N", 1, (255, 255, 255))
result_font = pygame.font.Font("freesansbold.ttf", 32)

# Load images
dice1 = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("assets", "dice_1.png"))
dice2 = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("assets", "dice_2.png"))
dice3 = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("assets", "dice_3.png"))
dice4 = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("assets", "dice_4.png"))
dice5 = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("assets", "dice_5.png"))
dice6 = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("assets", "dice_6.png"))

# Indexed list to reference all the faces
all_dice = [None, dice1, dice2, dice3, dice4, dice5, dice6]
pygame.display.set_icon(dice6)

# Game Background
background = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load(os.path.join("assets", "dice_board.png")), (WIDTH, HEIGHT))


### Function to perform the random parts of the game
def rollDice():
    """ Generate the two random numbers, one for the Player and Opponent """
    player_roll = random.randint(1, 6)
    opponent_roll = random.randint(1, 6)

    return player_roll, opponent_roll


### Main Loop
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
running = True
player_face = None  # No dice before first roll
player_roll = 0
opponent_face = None  # No dice before first roll
player_roll = 0
result = None
textRect1 = None

while running:

    # handle user input
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_y:
                player_roll, opponent_roll = rollDice()
                player_face = all_dice[player_roll]
                opponent_face = all_dice[opponent_roll]

                # Debug prints

                text1 = result_font.render(f'opponent won. They rolled a {opponent_roll}', 1, white)
                text2 = result_font.render(f'You win! They rolled a {opponent_roll}', 1, white)
                text3 = result_font.render('Tied!', 1, white)
                textRect1 = text1.get_rect()

                if opponent_roll > player_roll:
                    result = window.blit(text1, (WIDTH, MIDDLE_HEIGHT))
                    print(f"opponent won. They rolled a {opponent_roll}")
                elif opponent_roll < player_roll:
                    result = window.blit(text2, (WIDTH, MIDDLE_HEIGHT))
                    print(f"You win! They rolled a {opponent_roll}")
                elif opponent_roll == player_roll:
                    result = window.blit(text3, (WIDTH, MIDDLE_HEIGHT))
                    print("tied!")

    # Repaint the screen

    window.blit(background, (0, 0))
    window.blit(title_label, (WIDTH // 2 - title_label.get_width() // 2, 250))
    # Where I'm trying to blit the result text
    if (result != None) and (textRect1 != None):
        window.blit(result, textRect1)
    # Paint the dice faces
    if (player_face != None):
        window.blit(player_face, (QUARTER_WIDTH, MIDDLE_HEIGHT))
    if (opponent_face != None):
        window.blit(opponent_face, (3 * QUARTER_WIDTH, MIDDLE_HEIGHT))

    # flush display changes
    pygame.display.flip()

    # Constrain FPS
    clock.tick(FPS)

pygame.quit()

Answer 1

这是我的观点，尽管其他答案都很好。

当我改变

# Where I'm trying to blit the result text
if (result != None):
    window.blit(result, (QUARTER_WIDTH, MIDDLE_HEIGHT))

和

 if opponent_roll > player_roll:
                result =  result_font.render(f'opponent won. They rolled a {opponent_roll}', 1, white)
                print(f"opponent won. They rolled a {opponent_roll}")
            elif opponent_roll < player_roll:
                result = result_font.render(f'You win! They rolled a {opponent_roll}', 1, white)
                print(f"You win! They rolled a {opponent_roll}")
            elif opponent_roll == player_roll:
                result = result_font.render('Tied!', 1, white)
                print("tied!")

和

            if event.key == pygame.K_y:
                window.fill((0,0,0))  # Read the text under here for clarification 
                player_roll, opponent_roll = rollDice()

在我改变它之后，它对我有效，我不得不注释掉所有外部的. png文件。通常我使用一个重绘窗口函数，绘制背景，然后是文本，然后是图像，因为一旦对象被点击到屏幕上，它就不能被取消，你需要重绘整个屏幕。

Answer 2

您可以使用pygames中的blit函数来实现这一点。通过创建变量文本，还可以选择文本的字体。

len_of_snake = 5
font = pygame.font.Font('Roboto-Italic.ttf', 32)
text = font.render(f'AI: {len_of_snake}', True, (0, 0, 0))
window.blit(text, [0, 0])

Answer 3

你实际要做的是在事件循环中烧毁一次结果文本。Surface.blit返回一个pyplay。rect对象，带有受影响的区域。这个矩形被分配给结果。该问题是由于您尝试blit结果而引起的。

您必须将渲染文本（pygame.Surface）指定给变量result
此外，如果文本的位置是（宽度、中间高度），则文本将被弹出窗口。您可能希望使用位置（四分之一宽度，中间高度）：

while running:
    # [...]

    for event in pygame.event.get():
        # [...]

        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_y:
                # [...]

                textRect1 = text1.get_rect(topleft = (QUARTER_WIDTH, MIDDLE_HEIGHT))
                
                if opponent_roll > player_roll:
                    result = text1
                    print(f"opponent won. They rolled a {opponent_roll}")
                
                elif opponent_roll < player_roll:
                    result = text2
                    print(f"You win! They rolled a {opponent_roll}")
                
                elif opponent_roll == player_roll:
                    result = text3
                    print("tied!")