用Mockito截取真实的非静态方法调用

Question

使用mockito或powermockito，是否有任何方法可以拦截对对象的非静态方法的调用，或者至少是对单例对象的非静态方法的调用？

以下类提供了一个示例：

public class Singleton {

  private static Singleton INSTANCE = null;

  private Singleton(Object parameter) {}

  public static Singleton getInstance(Object parameter) {
    if (INSTANCE == null) {
      INSTANCE = new Singleton(parameter);
    }
    return INSTANCE;
  }

  public String process(String a, String b) {
    return (a + b);
  }

  // Other methods
}

public class Foreign {

  private Foreign() {}

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println(Singleton.getInstance(new Object()).process("alpha", "beta"));
  }
}

Singleton.getInstance(new Object()).process("alpha", "beta");

public class SubSingleton extends Singleton {

  public SubSingleton(Object parameter) {
    super(parameter);
  }

  public String process(String a, String b) {
    if ("alpha".equals(a) && "beta".equals(b)) {
      return a + "-" + b;
    }
    return super.process(a + b);
  }
}

Object parameter = new Object();
PowerMockito.doReturn(new SubSingleton(parameter)).when(Singleton.class, "getInstance", parameter);

但是，上面的singleton类只提供了一个私有构造函数，因此不能对其进行扩展。使用PowerMockito.WhenNew()返回部分模拟（spy）也不会起作用，因为Singleton类不提供无参数构造函数。

想要的嘲弄能以其他任何方式实现吗？对于非单例类可以这样做吗？

Answer 1

首先，您可以将whenNew用于带有构造函数的对象，该构造函数带有一些参数：

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(Singleton.class)
public class SingletonPrivateNewTest {

    @Mock
    Singleton singletonMock;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        PowerMockito.whenNew(Singleton.class)
                .withAnyArguments()
                .thenReturn(singletonMock);
    }

    @Test
    public void testMockNew() throws Exception {
        Mockito.when(singletonMock.process(anyString(), anyString())).thenReturn("sasa");
        Foreign.main(new String[0]);
    }
}

其次，为什么不存根getInstance而不是new：

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(Singleton.class)
public class SingletonPrivateNewTest {

    @Test
    public void testMockNew() {
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(Singleton.class);
        Singleton singletonMock = Mockito.mock(Singleton.class);
        PowerMockito.when(Singleton.getInstance(any())).thenReturn(singletonMock);
        Mockito.when(singletonMock.process(anyString(), anyString())).thenReturn("sasa");
        Foreign.main(new String[0]);
    }
}

再次，要截取的过程方法：

null

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(Singleton.class)
public class SingletonPrivateNewTest {

    @Test
    public void testMockNew() {
        var singletonReal = Singleton.getInstance(new Object());
        var singletonMock = Mockito.mock(Singleton.class);
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(Singleton.class);
        PowerMockito.when(Singleton.getInstance(any())).thenReturn(singletonMock);
        Mockito.when(singletonMock.process(anyString(), anyString())).thenAnswer((args) -> {
            String a = args.getArgument(0);
            String b = args.getArgument(1);
            if ("alpha".equals(a) && "beta".equals(b)) {
                return "sasa";
            } else {
                return singletonReal.process(a, b);
            }
        });
        Foreign.main(new String[0]);
    }
}

最后，使用间谍而不是模仿者

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(Singleton.class)
public class SingletonPrivateNewTest {

    @Test
    public void testMockNew() {
        var singletonReal = Singleton.getInstance(new Object());
        var singletonMock = Mockito.spy(singletonReal);
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(Singleton.class);
        PowerMockito.when(Singleton.getInstance(any())).thenReturn(singletonMock);
        Mockito.when(singletonMock.process("alpha", "beta")).thenReturn("sasa");
        // NOTE: real method is called for other args
        Foreign.main(new String[0]);
    }
}