401向web api发送ajax请求时未经授权

Question

我已经为此挠头两天了。我使用WebAPI版本2.2和我使用CORS。这个设置工作在服务器端，我被允许从我的web客户端服务器代码获得授权的内容，但在我的ajax调用中获得未经授权的内容。

以下是我的配置：

Web API配置

WebApiConfig：

public static class WebApiConfig
{
    public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
    {

        // Web API configuration and services
        // Configure Web API to use only bearer token authentication.
        config.SuppressDefaultHostAuthentication();
        config.Filters.Add(new HostAuthenticationFilter(OAuthDefaults.AuthenticationType));
        config.Filters.Add(new HostAuthenticationFilter(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie));

        //enable cors
        config.EnableCors();

        // Web API routes
        config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();

        config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
            name: "DefaultApi",
            routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
            defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
        );

        config.Filters.Add(new ValidationActionFilter());
    }
}

Startup.Auth.cs：

// Configure the db context and user manager to use a single instance per request
        app.CreatePerOwinContext(UserContext<ApplicationUser>.Create);
        app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationUserManager>(ApplicationUserManager.Create);

        // Enable the application to use a cookie to store information for the signed in user
        // and to use a cookie to temporarily store information about a user logging in with a third party login provider
        app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions
            {
                AuthenticationType = DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie,
                CookieHttpOnly = true,
                CookieName = "Outpour.Api.Auth"
            }
        );

        //app.UseCors(CorsOptions.AllowAll);
        //app.UseExternalSignInCookie(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);

        // Configure the application for OAuth based flow
        PublicClientId = "self";
        OAuthOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions
        {
            TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/Token"),
            Provider = new ApplicationOAuthProvider(PublicClientId),
            AuthorizeEndpointPath = new PathString("/api/Account/ExternalLogin"),
            AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(14),
            AllowInsecureHttp = true
        };

        // Enable the application to use bearer tokens to authenticate users
        app.UseOAuthBearerTokens(OAuthOptions);

（我已经尝试了app.UseCors（CorsOptions.AllowAll）和config.EnableCors（）的所有组合）

我的控制器属性：

[Authorize]
[EnableCors("http://localhost:8080", "*", "*", SupportsCredentials = true)]
[RoutePrefix("api/videos")]
public class VideosController : ApiController...

Web客户端

Ajax调用：

$.ajaxPrefilter(function (options, originalOptions, jqXHR) {
            options.crossDomain = {
                crossDomain: true
            };
            options.xhrFields = {
                withCredentials: true
            };
        });

        function ajaxGetVideoResolutionList() {
            var request = {
                type: "GET",
                dataType: "json",
                timeout: Outpour.ajaxTimeOut,
                url: Outpour.apiRoot + "/videos/resolutions"
            };
            $.ajax(request).done(onAjaxSuccess).fail(onAjaxError);

Cookie创建：

var result = await WebApiService.Instance.AuthenticateAsync<SignInResult>(model.Email, model.Password);

            FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie(result.AccessToken, model.RememberMe);

            var claims = new[]
            {
                new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, result.UserName), //Name is the default name claim type, and UserName is the one known also in Web API.
                new Claim(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, result.UserName) //If you want to use User.Identity.GetUserId in Web API, you need a NameIdentifier claim.
            };

            var authTicket = new AuthenticationTicket(new ClaimsIdentity(claims, DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie), new AuthenticationProperties
            {
                ExpiresUtc = result.Expires,
                IsPersistent = model.RememberMe,
                IssuedUtc = result.Issued,
                RedirectUri = redirectUrl
            });

            byte[] userData = DataSerializers.Ticket.Serialize(authTicket);

            byte[] protectedData = MachineKey.Protect(userData, new[] { "Microsoft.Owin.Security.Cookies.CookieAuthenticationMiddleware", DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie, "v1" });

            string protectedText = TextEncodings.Base64Url.Encode(protectedData);

            Response.Cookies.Add(new HttpCookie("Outpour.Api.Auth")
            {
                HttpOnly = true,
                Expires = result.Expires.UtcDateTime,
                Value = protectedText
            });

最后但并非最不重要的是，我的标题。

Remote Address:127.0.0.1:8888
Request URL:http://127.0.0.1/api/videos/resolutions
Request Method:GET
Status Code:401 Unauthorized

**Request Headersview source**
Accept:application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Accept-Encoding:gzip,deflate,sdch
Accept-Language:en-US,en;q=0.8
Cache-Control:no-cache
Host:127.0.0.1
Origin:http://localhost:8080
Pragma:no-cache
Proxy-Connection:keep-alive
Referer:http://localhost:8080/video/upload
User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/37.0.2062.124 Safari/537.36

**Response Headersview source**
Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true
Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://localhost:8080
Cache-Control:no-cache
Content-Length:61
Content-Type:application/json; charset=utf-8
Date:Wed, 08 Oct 2014 04:01:19 GMT
Expires:-1
Pragma:no-cache
Server:Microsoft-IIS/8.0
WWW-Authenticate:Bearer
X-AspNet-Version:4.0.30319
X-Powered-By:ASP.NET

开发者工具和fiddler声称请求中没有发送cookie。

Answer 1

这可能是因为您的API没有作为调用应用程序的URL。API的URL是：http://127.0.0.1/（忽略文件夹路径-这并不重要）

…但你是从http://127.0.0.1:8888由于端口不同，它被视为一个单独的站点。因为浏览器认为站点不同，所以不会发送cookie。

您是否尝试过在与API（具有相同端口）相同的URL上托管的页面上测试它？

最重要的是：检查您是否可以在小提琴手中看到正在发送的Cookie。

您还可能会找到更多关于如何使其用于此答案的相关信息

Answer 2

我相信您在这里混合了cookies身份验证和承载令牌，您没有在授权头中随请求发送访问令牌，这就是为什么您一直获得401。同样，您只需要使用application.UseCors（Microsoft.Owin.CORS.CorsOptions.AllowAll）允许CORS并将其从控制器属性的其他位置删除，甚至从配置中删除。

在这里检查我的回购，我已经实现了CORS，前端也是AngularJS。它工作正常。这也是这个回购的实时演示，打开开发人员工具并监控请求，在看到HTTP获取请求之前，您应该看到预飞行请求。

如果您只需要使用承载令牌保护您的API，那么我建议您阅读基于令牌的身份验证文章