使用对象数组中的父类toString打印子类JAVA的父类变量

Question

我正在尝试编写一个代码，它采用车辆名称等并将它们存储在一个对象数组中。我有车辆作为父类，带有一个打印名称、品牌和加仑油箱的toString，父类的两个子类是bus和car。Car和Bus询问有多少门、轮子或乘客。当随机化顺序后打印数组时，我只从父类中获取to Strings以在数组的索引为父类时打印出来。我要打印出来的是：车辆0：名称：汽车品牌：某物：油箱尺寸：15门：4：轮子4

我的代码如下：

import java.util.*;

public class Q1 {
    public static void main(String args[]){
        
        Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);

        Vehicle[] list = new Vehicle[3];

        for(int i =0;i < list.length;i++){
            int random = (int)(Math.random()*3);
            if(random == 0){
                System.out.println("What is the Name, brand and how big is the gas tank of the vehicle?");
                String name = kb.next();
                String brand = kb.next();
                int gasTank = kb.nextInt();
                
                Vehicle a = new Vehicle(name,brand,gasTank);
                
                list[i] = a;
    
            }
            else if(random == 1){
                System.out.println("How many doors and wheels does the car have");
                int doors = kb.nextInt();
                int wheels = kb.nextInt();
                
                System.out.println("What is the Name, brand and how big is the gas tank of the car?");
                String name = kb.next();
                String brand = kb.next();
                int gasTank = kb.nextInt();
                
                Car a = new Car(doors,wheels,name,brand,gasTank);
                list[i] = a;
            }
            else{
                System.out.println("How many doors and wheels does the bus have?");
                int doors = kb.nextInt();
                int wheels = kb.nextInt();
                
    
                System.out.println("What is the Name, brand and how big is the gas tank of the bus?");
                String name = kb.next();
                String brand = kb.next();
                int gasTank = kb.nextInt();
                
                Bus a = new Bus(doors,wheels,name,brand,gasTank);
    
                list[i] = a;
            }
            
        }
        printArray2(list);
        


    }
    public static void printArray(Vehicle[] list){
        for(int i = 0; i< list.length; i++){
            System.out.println("Vehicle "+ i);
            System.out.println(list[i]);
            System.out.println("___________");
        }
    }
    public static void printArray2(Vehicle[] list){
        for(int i = 0; i< list.length;i++){
            System.out.println("Vehicle "+ i);
            System.out.println(list[i].toString());
            System.out.println("___________");
        }
        
        
    }
}


class Vehicle {
    String name;
    String brand;
    int gasTank;

    public Vehicle(){
        this(" ", " ", 15);
    }
    public Vehicle(String name, String brand,int gasTank){
        this.name = name;
        this.brand = brand;
        this.gasTank = gasTank;

    }

    public String getname(){
        return name;
    }
    public String getbrand(){
        return brand;
    }  
    public int getgasTank(){
        return gasTank;
    } 
    public void setname(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
    public void setbrand(String brand){
        this.brand = brand;
    }
    public void setgasTank(int gasTank){
        this.gasTank = gasTank;
    }
    
    public double milesPerGallon(double miles, double gallonsUsed){
        return  miles / gallonsUsed;
    }

    public String toString(){
        return " name: " + name + " Brand: " + brand + " Gallons in Tank: " + gasTank;
    }

    public double fillTank(double gallonsUsed){

        return (gasTank - gallonsUsed);
    }

}


class Car extends Vehicle{
    int numOfdoors;
    int numOfWheels;

    public Car(){
        this(2,4,"","",10);
    }
    public Car(int numOfDoors, int numOfWheels, String name, String brand, int gasTank){
        this.numOfdoors = numOfDoors;
        this.numOfWheels = numOfWheels;
        super.name = name;
        super.brand = brand;
        super.gasTank = gasTank;
    }
    public int getnumOfdoors(){
        return numOfdoors;
    }

    public int getnumOfWheels(){
        return numOfWheels;
    }
    public void setnumOfdoors(int numOfdoors){
        this.numOfdoors = numOfdoors;
    }
    public double milesPerGallon(double miles, double gallonsUsed){
        return miles / gallonsUsed;
    }

    public String toString(){
        return "The car has " + numOfWheels + " wheels and " + numOfdoors + " doors";
    }
}

class Bus extends Vehicle {
    int numOfWheels;
    int numOfPassengers;

    public Bus(){
        this(1,8,"","", 50);
    }
    public Bus(int numOfWheels, int numOfPassengers, String name, String brand, int gasTank){
        this.numOfWheels = numOfWheels;
        this.numOfPassengers = numOfPassengers;
        super.name = name;
        super.brand = brand;
        super.gasTank = gasTank;
    }

    public int getNumOfWheels(){
        return numOfWheels;
    }
    public int getNumOfPassengers(){
        return numOfPassengers;
    }

    public void setNumOfWheels(int numOfWheels){
        this.numOfWheels = numOfWheels;
    }
    public void setNumOfPassengers(int numOfPassengers){
        this.numOfPassengers = numOfPassengers;
    }
    public double milesPerGallon(double miles, double gallonsUsed){
        return miles / gallonsUsed;
    }
    public String toString(){
        return "The bus has "+ numOfWheels + " Wheels and " + numOfPassengers + " Passengers";
    }
}

Answer 1

在代码中，您正在重写子类中的toString方法。我的理解是，您希望打印来自父类的值以及子类。因此，您在子类中的toString应该如下所示，您首先也调用parent。

@Override
public String toString() {
 return super.toString() + "wheels " wheels + " doors " + numOfdoors ; // or something like this
}