Django 3“User”对象没有属性“admin”

Question

情况

• 我正在修改这个YouTube系列中的GitHub项目，这是一个演示原始应用程序如何运行的演示。

密码

model.py

#database table create
class Customer(models.Model):
    #empty fields accept - null=True
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True)
    email = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True)
    profile_pic = models.ImageField(default="profile1.png", null=True, blank=True)
    date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, null=True)

    #show customer name in admin panel
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name


class Adminuser(models.Model):
    #empty fields accept - null=True
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True)
    phone = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True)
    email = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True)
    profile_pic = models.ImageField(default="profile1.png", null=True, blank=True)
    date_created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, null=True)

    #show customer name in admin panel
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

url.py

from django.urls import path
from django.contrib.auth import views as auth_views
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    ...
    path('customer/<str:pk_test>/', views.customer, name="customer"),
    path('adminuser/<str:pk_test>/', views.adminuser, name="adminuser"),
    ...
]

views.py

#CUSTOMER_ONLY PROFILE SETTINGS
@login_required(login_url='login')
@allowed_users(allowed_roles=['customer'])
def accountSettings(request):
    customer = request.user.customer
    form = CustomerForm(instance=customer)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = CustomerForm(request.POST, request.FILES,instance=customer)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
    context = {'form':form}
    return render(request, 'accounts/account_settings.html', context)



#ADMIN_ONLY PROFILE SETTINGS
@login_required(login_url='login')
@allowed_users(allowed_roles=['admin'])
def adminSettings(request):
    admin = request.user.admin
    form = AdminForm(instance=admin)
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = AdminForm(request.POST, request.FILES,instance=admin)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save()
    context = {'form':form}
    return render(request, 'accounts/account_admin_settings.html', context)

forms.py

from django.forms import ModelForm
from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django import forms

from .models import *

class CustomerForm(ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Customer
        fields = '__all__'
        exclude = ['user']

class AdminForm(ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Adminuser
        fields = '__all__'
        exclude = ['user']

navbar.html

...
<li class="nav-item">
  <a class="nav-link" href="{% url 'adminsettings' %}">SettingsAdmin</a>
</li>
...

account_admin_settings.html

{%  extends 'accounts/main.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block content %}

<style>
    .profile-pic{
        max-width: 200px;
        max-height:200px;
        margin: 0 auto;
        border-radius: 50%;
    }
</style>
<!-- -->
<br>
<div class="row">
    <div class="col-md-3">
        <div class="card card-body">
            <a class="btn btn-warning" href="{% url 'dashboard' %}"> &#8592; Back to Profile</a>
            <hr>
            <h3 style="text-align: center">Account Settings</h3>
            <hr>
            <img class="profile-pic" src="{{request.user.customer.profile_pic.url}}" >

        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col-md-9">
        <div class="card card-body">

            <form method="POST" action="" enctype="multipart/form-data">
                {% csrf_token %}
                {{form.as_p}}

            <input class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" name="Update Information">
            </form>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

错误

AttributeError at /accounts/adminsettings/
'User' object has no attribute 'admin'
Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://127.0.0.1:8000/accounts/adminsettings/
Django Version: 3.0
Exception Type: AttributeError
Exception Value:    
'User' object has no attribute 'admin'
Exception Location: /Users/computer/ven/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py in inner, line 225
Python Executable:  /Users/computer/ven/bin/python3
Python Version: 3.7.3
Python Path:    
['/Users/computer/project',
 '/Users/computer/anaconda3/lib/python37.zip',
 '/Users/computer/anaconda3/lib/python3.7',
 '/Users/computer/anaconda3/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload',
 '/Users/computer/ven/lib/python3.7/site-packages']
Server time:    Wed, 17 Jun 2020 22:17:12 +0000

尝试过的解决方案

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• 买家可以使用他们自己的模型访问设置，所以这个自.没有解决我的情况django'User'对象没有属性'user'
• 我不写一个。保存方法-'NoneType'对象没有属性'user'Django
• 它应该有相同的lvl实例，就像在客户模型中一样，它只是一个不同的用户优先级lvl组-Django'User'对象没有属性'目标'
• 这是python 2.7和Django 1.5过时的问题和答案开始-Django管理问题-'NoneType'对象没有属性'user'
• 这与我的情况无关-Django Admin Action：'QuerySet'对象没有属性'user'
• 我所有的中间穿着功能良好-Django管理错误'WSGIRequest'对象没有属性'user
• 过时的Q

• 错误AttributeError at/accounts/adminsettings/'User'对象没有属性'adminuser'

MY FUNCTION ANME  
    try:
        # MY ORIGINAL CODE
    except ObjectDoesNotExist:
        # and what goes here?????

• @xyres更新view.pydef管理员设置（请求）：

#ADMIN_ONLY PROFILE SETTINGS ''' '''
@login_required(login_url='login')
@allowed_users(allowed_roles=['admin'])
def adminSettings(request):
    try:
        admin = requset.user.admin
        form = AdminForm(instance=admin)
        if request.method == 'POST':
            form = AdminForm(request.POST, request.FILES,instance=admin)
            if form.is_valid():
                form.save()
        context = {'form':form}
        return render(request, 'accounts/account_admin_settings.html', context)
    except ObjectDoesNotExist:
        print("Either the entry or blog doesn't exist.")
        return render(request, 'accounts/account_admin_settings.html', context)

• 错误：文件/用户/计算机/项目/帐户/views.py，第106行form=AdminForm（实例=admin）^
  • 挂回views.py，models.py回到原来的状态，现在我得到了一个新的错误（在makememageringtransate更改后）

  NameError at /accounts/adminsettings/
  name 'requset' is not defined
  

Answer 1

从OneToOneField的文档中：

如果您没有为OneToOneField指定related_name参数，Django将使用当前模型的小写名称作为默认值。

因此，您必须以如下方式访问相关的Adminuser实例：

request.user.adminuser

如果你想只使用admin访问它，正如文档中提到的，你必须使用related_name参数：

class Adminuser(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, related_name='admin' ...)
    ...

# request.user.admin will work now

RelatedObjectDoesNotExist当数据库中不存在相关对象时，会引发异常（当相关字段可以为null时，通常会出现这种情况）。由于这次没有AtiniteError，这意味着Django确实识别了admin属性；因此，该问题已修复。

您必须在访问相关属性的任何地方处理RelatedObjectDoesNotExist异常。

from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist

try:
    admin = requset.user.admin
except ObjectDoesNotExist:
    admin = # set some other value ...