Android Gradle插件3.0.0：多个dex文件使用XStream定义Lorg/xmlpull/mxp1/MXParser

Question

由于Android自带了自己的xmlpullparser，因此包含的项目在Android Studio中总是需要额外小心。

E、 g.流行的XML映射器XStream要求排除（1）（2）：

compile('com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream:1.4.7') {
    exclude group: 'xmlpull', module: 'xmlpull' //exclude xmlpull to avoid `Multiple dex files define`-error
}

在别的地方我也见过：

compile('com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream:1.4.7') {
      exclude group: 'xmlpull'
     exclude group: 'XmlPullParser'
  }

关于这个问题的新闻是：排除在Android插件版本2.3.3上工作，而在Android插件版本3.0.0上，我再次出错！（你可以在文件下看到Android插件版本

有人已经想出了如何更改gradle文件以使xstream在Android插件3.0.0版本上运行吗？

我只是怀疑“XStream”导致了这个错误。

16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] 
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] 
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] * What went wrong:
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] Execution failed for task ':app:transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForDebug'.
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] > com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] 
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] * Exception is:
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] org.gradle.api.tasks.TaskExecutionException: Execution failed for task ':app:transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForDebug'.
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.executeActions(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:100)
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteActionsTaskExecuter.java:70)
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.execute(SkipUpToDateTaskExecuter.java:63)
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskOutputCachingStateExecuter.java:54)
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ValidatingTaskExecuter.execute(ValidatingTaskExecuter.java:58)
16:40:26.671 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.execute(SkipEmptySourceFilesTaskExecuter.java:88)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.execute(ResolveTaskArtifactStateTaskExecuter.java:52)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.execute(SkipTaskWithNoActionsExecuter.java:52)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.execute(SkipOnlyIfTaskExecuter.java:54)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.execute(ExecuteAtMostOnceTaskExecuter.java:43)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.execution.CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.execute(CatchExceptionTaskExecuter.java:34)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker$1.run(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:248)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:336)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor$RunnableBuildOperationWorker.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:328)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.execute(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:197)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.internal.progress.DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.run(DefaultBuildOperationExecutor.java:107)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:241)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskGraphExecuter$EventFiringTaskWorker.execute(DefaultTaskGraphExecuter.java:230)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.processTask(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:124)
16:40:26.672 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.access$200(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:80)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker$1.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:105)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker$1.execute(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:99)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.execute(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:625)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.executeWithTask(DefaultTaskExecutionPlan.java:580)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.execution.taskgraph.DefaultTaskPlanExecutor$TaskExecutorWorker.run(DefaultTaskPlanExecutor.java:99)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ExecutorPolicy$CatchAndRecordFailures.onExecute(ExecutorPolicy.java:63)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ManagedExecutorImpl$1.run(ManagedExecutorImpl.java:46)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at org.gradle.internal.concurrent.ThreadFactoryImpl$ManagedThreadRunnable.run(ThreadFactoryImpl.java:55)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] Caused by: com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerCallable.call(DexArchiveMergerCallable.java:72)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerCallable.call(DexArchiveMergerCallable.java:36)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] Caused by: com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lorg/xmlpull/mxp1/MXParser;
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.readSortableTypes(DexMerger.java:661)
16:40:26.673 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.getSortedTypes(DexMerger.java:616)
16:40:26.674 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeClassDefs(DexMerger.java:598)
16:40:26.674 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeDexes(DexMerger.java:171)
16:40:26.674 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.merge(DexMerger.java:198)
16:40:26.674 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   at com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerCallable.call(DexArchiveMergerCallable.java:61)
16:40:26.674 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter]   ... 1 more
16:40:26.674 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] 
16:40:26.674 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] 
16:40:26.674 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildExceptionReporter] * Get more help at https://help.gradle.org
16:40:26.674 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildResultLogger] 
16:40:26.674 [ERROR] [org.gradle.internal.buildevents.BuildResultLogger] BUILD FAILED in 37s

Answer 1

最后我找到了解决办法。然而，我仍然不明白为什么它依赖于Gradle插件版本。

我使用的是logback android，它在某种程度上依赖于xpp3，如依赖关系图所示：

    +--- com.github.tony19:logback-android-classic:1.1.1-6
|    |    +--- com.github.tony19:logback-android-core:1.1.1-6
|    |    \--- com.github.tony19:apktool-lib:1.4.4-3
|    |         \--- com.google.android:android:2.1_r1
|    |              +--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.1.1
|    |              +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.0.1
|    |              |    +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.0.1
|    |              |    +--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.1.1
|    |              |    \--- commons-codec:commons-codec:1.3
|    |              +--- org.khronos:opengl-api:gl1.1-android-2.1_r1
|    |              +--- xerces:xmlParserAPIs:2.6.2
|    |              \--- xpp3:xpp3:1.1.4c

必须指出的是，我在一个utils模块中声明了logback android，然后使用实现项目（：'myUtilsModule'）将其包含在我的应用程序中

现在我排除了带有模块xpp3的组。组和模块名称无法工作：

// https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.github.tony19/logback-android-classic
implementation('com.github.tony19:logback-android-classic:1.1.1-6') {
    exclude group: 'xpp3', module: 'xpp3'  //in order to avoid "Multiple dex files define Lorg/xmlpull/v1/XmlPullParser;"
    //exclude group: 'xmlpull', module: 'xmlpull' //This works usually on other libs to exclude xmlpull, but not on that one
}

我学会了如何阅读依存关系图以及如何从图中排除项目；）

1. 运行如何在Android Studio中显示依存关系树
2. 依存关系图中的每一行都具有格式<代码>

更新：对于logback-android-1.1.1-7，不再需要排除。