如何从集/图中删除多个元素，并知道哪些元素被删除了？

Question

public Set<K> removeEntries(Map<K, V> from) {
    Set<K> fromKeys = from.keySet();
    Set<K> removedKeys = new HashSet<>();
    for (K keyToRemove : keysToRemove) {
        if (fromKeys.contains(keyToRemove)) {
            fromKeys.remove(keyToRemove);
            removedKeys.add(keyToRemove);
        }
    }
    return removedKeys;
}

Set<K> fromKeys = from.keySet();
return keysToRemove.stream()
        .filter(fromKeys::contains)
        .map(k -> {
            fromKeys.remove(k);
            return k;
        })
        .collect(Collectors.toSet());

我发现它更简洁一些，但我也发现lambda太笨拙了。

有什么建议如何以不那么笨拙的方式达到同样的结果？

Answer 1

“老派守则”应该是

public Set<K> removeEntries(Map<K, ?> from) {
    Set<K> fromKeys = from.keySet(), removedKeys = new HashSet<>(keysToRemove);
    removedKeys.retainAll(fromKeys);
    fromKeys.removeAll(removedKeys);
    return removedKeys;
}

既然您说过keystoremove相当小，那么复制开销可能并不重要。否则,请使用循环,但不要执行两次哈希查找：

public Set<K> removeEntries(Map<K, ?> from) {
    Set<K> fromKeys = from.keySet();
    Set<K> removedKeys = new HashSet<>();
    for(K keyToRemove : keysToRemove)
        if(fromKeys.remove(keyToRemove)) removedKeys.add(keyToRemove);
    return removedKeys;
}

您可以将与流相同的逻辑表示为

public Set<K> removeEntries(Map<K, ?> from) {
    return keysToRemove.stream()
        .filter(from.keySet()::remove)
        .collect(Collectors.toSet());
}

public Set<K> removeEntries(Map<K, ?> from) {
    Set<K> result = keysToRemove.stream()
        .filter(from.keySet()::contains)
        .collect(Collectors.toSet());
    from.keySet().removeAll(result);
    return result;
}