用PowerMock和Mockito模拟静态方法

Question

我正在尝试使用JUnit、Mockito和PowerMock验证对java.sql.DriverManager.GetConnection的调用。

下面是我的测试用例：

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(DriverManager.class)
public class MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactoryTest {

    private ConfigurationService configurationService;
    private MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory reference;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        this.reference = new MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory();
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetConnection() throws SQLException {
//      setup
        Connection connection = mock(Connection.class);

        PowerMockito.mockStatic(DriverManager.class);

        when(DriverManager.getConnection(anyString(), anyString(), anyString())).thenReturn(connection);

//      run
        this.reference.getConnection();

//      verify
        PowerMockito.verifyStatic();
        DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://myhost:1111/database", "username", "password");
    }

}

下面是测试中的代码：

public class MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory implements
        DatabaseConnectionFactory {

    @Override
    public Connection getConnection(IApplicationInstance appInstance) {         
        try {
            return DriverManager.getConnection(String.format("jdbc:mysql://%s:%d/%s", 
                    MYSQL_HOST, MYSQL_PORT, MYSQL_DATABASE), MYSQL_USERNAME, MYSQL_PASSWORD);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

非常有趣的是，这段代码失败时出现java.sql.sqlexception:

java.lang.RuntimeException: java.sql.SQLException: No suitable driver found for jdbc:mysql://myhost:1111/database

@Test
public void testSomething() {
    Connection conn = mock(Connection.class);
    mockStatic(DriverManager.class);
    when(DriverManager.getConnection(anyString())).thenReturn(conn);
    Connection c = DriverManager.getConnection("whut");
    verifyStatic();
    DriverManager.getConnection("whut");
}

Answer 1

将@PrepareForTest批注值更改为MysqlDatabaseConnectionFactory.Class将解决此问题。

这个注释告诉PowerMock准备某些类进行测试。需要使用此注释定义的类通常是那些需要用字节代码操作的类。这包括final类、具有final、private、static的类。

在这种情况下，PowerMockito必须用模拟代码替换对静态方法DriverManager.GetConnection的调用。这是使用字节代码操作来完成的。

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory.class)
public class MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactoryTest {

    private MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory reference;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        reference = new MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory();
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetConnection() throws SQLException {

        // given
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(DriverManager.class);
        BDDMockito.given(DriverManager.getConnection(anyString(), anyString(), anyString()))
             .willReturn(mock(Connection.class));

        // when
        reference.getConnection();

        // then
        PowerMockito.verifyStatic();
        DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://myhost:1111/database", "username", "password");
    }
}