通过docker-compose向docker容器提供静态IP

Question

我正在尝试向容器提供静态IP地址。我知道我必须创建一个自定义网络。我创建它并且桥接接口在主机（Ubuntu 16. x）上。容器从此子网获取IP，但不是我提供的静态。

这是我的docker-compose.yml：

version: '2'

services:
  mysql:
    container_name: mysql
    image: mysql:latest
    restart: always
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root
    ports:
     - "3306:3306"
    networks:
     - vpcbr

  apigw-tomcat:
    container_name: apigw-tomcat
    build: tomcat/.
    ports:
     - "8080:8080"
     - "8009:8009"
    networks:
     - vpcbr
    depends_on:
     - mysql

networks:
  vpcbr:
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
     config:
       - subnet: 10.5.0.0/16
         gateway: 10.5.0.1
         aux_addresses:
          mysql: 10.5.0.5
          apigw-tomcat: 10.5.0.6

容器10.5.0.2和10.5.0.3，而不是5和6。

Answer 1

如果你从来没有看到静态IP地址集，也许这可能是因为你正在使用“docker组成了”。尝试使用“docker-compose up”。

当我使用“docker-compose up”（带连字符）时，我现在看到分配的静态IP。

networks:
  hfnet:
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
      driver: default
      config:
        - subnet: 192.168.55.0/24
          gateway: 192.168.55.1

services:
  web:
    image: 'mycompany/webserver:latest'
    hostname: www
    domainname: mycompany.com
    stdin_open: true # docker run -i
    tty: true        # docker run -t
    networks:
      hfnet:
        ipv4_address: 192.168.55.10
    ports:
      - '80:80'
      - '443:443'
    volumes:
      - '../honeyfund:/var/www/html'

我浪费了很多时间才弄明白(

Answer 2

我在使用自定义名称的环境变量时遇到了一些困难(不符合KAPACITOR_BASE_URL和KAPACITOR_ALERTS_ENDPOINT的容器名称/端口约定)。如果我们在这种情况下给出服务名，它不会将ip解析为

KAPACITOR_BASE_URL:  http://kapacitor:9092

在上面的超文本传输协议：//[**kapacitor**]： 9092无法解析为http://172.20.0.2:9092

我使用子网配置解决了静态IP问题。

version: "3.3"

networks:
  frontend:
    ipam:
      config:
        - subnet: 172.20.0.0/24
services:
    db:
        image: postgres:9.4.4
        networks:
            frontend:
                ipv4_address: 172.20.0.5
        ports:
            - "5432:5432"
        volumes:
            - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data

    redis:
        image: redis:latest
        networks:
            frontend:
                ipv4_address: 172.20.0.6
        ports:
            - "6379"

    influxdb:
        image: influxdb:latest
        ports:
            - "8086:8086"
            - "8083:8083"
        volumes:
            - ../influxdb/influxdb.conf:/etc/influxdb/influxdb.conf
            - ../influxdb/inxdb:/var/lib/influxdb
        networks:
            frontend:
                ipv4_address: 172.20.0.4
        environment:
          INFLUXDB_HTTP_AUTH_ENABLED: "false"
          INFLUXDB_ADMIN_ENABLED: "true"
          INFLUXDB_USERNAME: "db_username"
          INFLUXDB_PASSWORD: "12345678"
          INFLUXDB_DB: db_customers

    kapacitor:
        image: kapacitor:latest
        ports: 
            - "9092:9092"
        networks:
            frontend:
                ipv4_address: 172.20.0.2
        depends_on:
            - influxdb
        volumes:
            - ../kapacitor/kapacitor.conf:/etc/kapacitor/kapacitor.conf
            - ../kapacitor/kapdb:/var/lib/kapacitor
        environment:
          KAPACITOR_INFLUXDB_0_URLS_0: http://influxdb:8086

    web:
        build: .
        environment:
          RAILS_ENV: $RAILS_ENV
        command: bundle exec rails s -b 0.0.0.0
        ports:
            - "3000:3000"
        networks:
            frontend:
                ipv4_address: 172.20.0.3
        links:
            - db
            - kapacitor
        depends_on:
            - db
        volumes:
            - .:/var/app/current
        environment:
          DATABASE_URL: postgres://postgres@db
          DATABASE_USERNAME: postgres
          DATABASE_PASSWORD: postgres
          INFLUX_URL: http://influxdb:8086
          INFLUX_USER: db_username
          INFLUX_PWD: 12345678
          KAPACITOR_BASE_URL:  http://172.20.0.2:9092
          KAPACITOR_ALERTS_ENDPOINT: http://172.20.0.3:3000

volumes:
  postgres_data:

Answer 3

请注意，我不建议Docker中的容器使用固定IP，除非您正在做一些允许从容器网络外部到内部路由的事情（例如，macvlan）。DNS已经在容器网络中用于服务发现，并支持容器扩展。在容器网络之外，您应该使用主机上的暴露端口。有了这个免责声明，下面是您想要的撰写文件：

version: '2'

services:
  mysql:
    container_name: mysql
    image: mysql:latest
    restart: always
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root
    ports:
     - "3306:3306"
    networks:
      vpcbr:
        ipv4_address: 10.5.0.5

  apigw-tomcat:
    container_name: apigw-tomcat
    build: tomcat/.
    ports:
     - "8080:8080"
     - "8009:8009"
    networks:
      vpcbr:
        ipv4_address: 10.5.0.6
    depends_on:
     - mysql

networks:
  vpcbr:
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
     config:
       - subnet: 10.5.0.0/16
         gateway: 10.5.0.1