使用apache POI合并word表中的单元格时，如何保持单元格宽度？

Question

我正在使用Java和Apache POI创建一个带有表的word文档。

我可以很容易地创建表格，用不同的宽度设置每一列，然后合并单元格以产生所需的效果（见下面的图像）。然而，当我打开word文档时，一些单元格已经被调整，以便它们的边缘对齐。我发现，在表的开头添加一个额外的行并保留所有单元格不合并将保持其余行不变，但稍后使用table.removerow(0)删除该行；影响其余行。如果打开word文档并手动删除该行，单元格将保持原位。我能做些什么来保留单元格的布局吗？

public static void createWord() {
    // Blank Document
    XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument();
    
    CTSectPr sectPr = document.getDocument().getBody().addNewSectPr();
    CTPageMar pageMar = sectPr.addNewPgMar();
    pageMar.setLeft(BigInteger.valueOf(300L));
    pageMar.setTop(BigInteger.valueOf(300L));
    pageMar.setRight(BigInteger.valueOf(300L));
    pageMar.setBottom(BigInteger.valueOf(300L));

    XWPFParagraph paragraph = document.createParagraph();
    paragraph.setSpacingBefore(0);
    paragraph.setSpacingAfter(0);
    
    // determine the number of rows and columns required 
    int rows = 3;
    int cols = 6; 
    
    // create table
    XWPFTable table = document.createTable(rows+1, cols);
    CTTblPr tblPr = table.getCTTbl().getTblPr();
    if (null == tblPr) {
        tblPr = table.getCTTbl().addNewTblPr();
    }

    // set table width
    CTTblWidth width = table.getCTTbl().addNewTblPr().addNewTblW();
    width.setType(STTblWidth.PCT);
    width.setW(BigInteger.valueOf(5000)); // 5000 * 1/50 = 100%
    
    //set row height
    for(XWPFTableRow row:table.getRows()) {
        row.setHeight(22);
    }
    
    // set width of each column
    for (int row = 0; row <= rows; row++) {
        setCellWidthPercentage(table, row, 0, 0.188);
        setCellWidthPercentage(table, row, 1, 0.125);
        setCellWidthPercentage(table, row, 2, 0.063);
        setCellWidthPercentage(table, row, 3, 0.25);
        setCellWidthPercentage(table, row, 4, 0.25);
        setCellWidthPercentage(table, row, 5, 0.125);
    }
    
    mergeCellHorizontally(table, 1, 0, 2);
    mergeCellHorizontally(table, 2, 0, 1);
    mergeCellHorizontally(table, 2, 2, 4);
    mergeCellHorizontally(table, 3, 1, 3);
    
    // remove first row (comment out this line to see issue)
    table.removeRow(0);
    
    // Write the Document in file system
    try {
        File docFile = new File("C:\\doc.docx");
        docFile.createNewFile();
        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(docFile, false); 
        
        document.write(out);
        out.close();
        document.close();           
    } catch(Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
    }
}

static void mergeCellHorizontally(XWPFTable table, int row, int fromCol, int toCol) {
    for(int colIndex = fromCol; colIndex <= toCol; colIndex++){
        XWPFTableCell cell = table.getRow(row).getCell(colIndex);
        CTHMerge hmerge = CTHMerge.Factory.newInstance();
        
        if(colIndex == fromCol) {
            // The first merged cell is set with RESTART merge value
            hmerge.setVal(STMerge.RESTART);
        } else {
            // Cells which join (merge) the first one, are set with CONTINUE
            hmerge.setVal(STMerge.CONTINUE);
        }
        
        // Try getting the TcPr. Not simply setting an new one every time.
        CTTcPr tcPr = cell.getCTTc().getTcPr();
        
        if (tcPr != null) {
            tcPr.setHMerge(hmerge);
        } else {
            // only set an new TcPr if there is not one already
            tcPr = CTTcPr.Factory.newInstance();
            tcPr.setHMerge(hmerge);
            cell.getCTTc().setTcPr(tcPr);
        }
    }
}

以及在合并前为列分配宽度值的函数：

private static void setCellWidthPercentage(XWPFTable table, int row, int col, double width) {
    // prevent out of bounds exception
    if (row < 0 || row >= table.getRows().size()) return;
    if (col < 0 || col >= table.getRow(row).getTableCells().size()) return;
    
    // assign widths in units of 1/50 of a percentage
    CTTblWidth tblW = table.getRow(row).getCell(col).getCTTc().addNewTcPr().addNewTcW();
    tblW.setType(STTblWidth.PCT);
    tblW.setW(BigInteger.valueOf(Math.round(width * 50)));
}

提前感谢！

Answer 1

您看到的问题是，Word根据列数最多的行的列宽设置来呈现表。如果其他行与该行的列宽设置相矛盾，则将忽略它们的列宽设置。并且在合并单元格后，您不更正列宽设置。例如，在MergeCellHostertally(table,0,0,2）之后；行0中的列0现在一直到列2。因此，列0现在需要以前列0+1+2的宽度。但是，由于您没有更正它，它只保持以前列0的宽度，如果这与列数最多的行的宽度设置相矛盾，则在呈现时忽略它。

因此，主要问题是您的代码在合并单元格后没有纠正行中的列宽设置。

我已经在如何在apache poi表中的不同行中设置特定的单元格宽度中展示了这一点？。

下面的完整示例显示了所有这些，并创建了所需的表。

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.math.BigInteger;

import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTable;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFTableCell;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFRun;

import org.openxmlformats.schemas.wordprocessingml.x2006.main.CTTcPr;

public class CreateWordTableMergedCells {

 //merging horizontally by setting grid span instead of using CTHMerge
 static void mergeCellHorizontally(XWPFTable table, int row, int fromCol, int toCol) {
  XWPFTableCell cell = table.getRow(row).getCell(fromCol);
  // Try getting the TcPr. Not simply setting an new one every time.
  CTTcPr tcPr = cell.getCTTc().getTcPr();
  if (tcPr == null) tcPr = cell.getCTTc().addNewTcPr();
  // The first merged cell has grid span property set
  if (tcPr.isSetGridSpan()) {
   tcPr.getGridSpan().setVal(BigInteger.valueOf(toCol-fromCol+1));
  } else {
   tcPr.addNewGridSpan().setVal(BigInteger.valueOf(toCol-fromCol+1));
  }
  // Cells which join (merge) the first one, must be removed
  for(int colIndex = toCol; colIndex > fromCol; colIndex--) {
   table.getRow(row).getCtRow().removeTc(colIndex);
   table.getRow(row).removeCell(colIndex);
  }
 }

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

  XWPFDocument document= new XWPFDocument();

  XWPFParagraph paragraph = document.createParagraph();
  XWPFRun run=paragraph.createRun();  
  run.setText("The table:");

  // determine the number of rows and columns required 
  int rows = 3;
  int cols = 6; 

  //create table
  XWPFTable table = document.createTable(rows, cols);

  //set table width
  table.setWidth("100%"); 

  double[] columnWidths = new double[] { // columnWidths in percent
   0.188, 0.125, 0.062, 0.25, 0.25, 0.125
  };

  //create CTTblGrid for this table with widths of the columns. 
  //necessary for Libreoffice/Openoffice to accept the column widths.
  //values are in unit twentieths of a point (1/1440 of an inch)
  int w100Percent = 6*1440; // twentieths of a point (1/1440 of an inch); 6 inches
  //first column
  table.getCTTbl().addNewTblGrid().addNewGridCol().setW(BigInteger.valueOf(
   Math.round(w100Percent*columnWidths[0])));
  //other columns
  for (int c = 1; c < cols; c++) {
   table.getCTTbl().getTblGrid().addNewGridCol().setW(BigInteger.valueOf(
    Math.round(w100Percent*columnWidths[c])));
  }

  // set width of each column in each row
  for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++) {
   for (int c = 0; c < cols; c++++) {
    table.getRow(r).getCell(c).setWidth("" + (columnWidths[c]*100.0) + "%");
   }
  }

  //using the merge method
  mergeCellHorizontally(table, 0, 0, 2); // after that column 0 is up to column 2
  //column 0 now need width of formerly columns 0 + 1 + 2
  table.getRow(0).getCell(0).setWidth("" + ((columnWidths[0]+columnWidths[1]+columnWidths[2])*100.0) + "%");

  mergeCellHorizontally(table, 1, 0, 1); // after that column 0 is up to column 1
  //column 0 now need width of formerly columns 0 + 1
  table.getRow(1).getCell(0).setWidth("" + ((columnWidths[0]+columnWidths[1])*100.0) + "%");
  mergeCellHorizontally(table, 1, 1, 3); // formerly col 2 is now col 1 and after that formerly column 2 is up to column 4
  //current column 1 now need width of formerly columns 2 + 3 + 4
  table.getRow(1).getCell(1).setWidth("" + ((columnWidths[2]+columnWidths[3]+columnWidths[4])*100.0) + "%");
 
  mergeCellHorizontally(table, 2, 1, 3); // after that column 1 is up to column 3
  //column 1 now need width of formerly columns 1 + 2 + 3
  table.getRow(2).getCell(1).setWidth("" + ((columnWidths[1]+columnWidths[2]+columnWidths[3])*100.0) + "%");

  paragraph = document.createParagraph();

  FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("create_table.docx"); 
  document.write(out);
  out.close();
 }
}