如何从主机查询docker容器？

Question

我正在我的机器上的docker容器中运行服务器。我想从我的机器（主机）向容器内的服务器发送HTTP请求。当我在容器中使用HTTP发送GET请求时，它会检测服务器。但是，如果我向容器的IP地址发送相同的请求（这次是从容器外部的主机），它会告诉我：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 449, in send
    timeout=timeout
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 727, in urlopen
    method, url, error=e, _pool=self, _stacktrace=sys.exc_info()[2]
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/util/retry.py", line 410, in increment
    raise six.reraise(type(error), error, _stacktrace)
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/packages/six.py", line 734, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 677, in urlopen
    chunked=chunked,
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 426, in _make_request
    six.raise_from(e, None)
  File "<string>", line 3, in raise_from
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/connectionpool.py", line 421, in _make_request
    httplib_response = conn.getresponse()
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 1344, in getresponse
    response.begin()
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 306, in begin
    version, status, reason = self._read_status()
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/http/client.py", line 267, in _read_status
    line = str(self.fp.readline(_MAXLINE + 1), "iso-8859-1")
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/socket.py", line 589, in readinto
    return self._sock.recv_into(b)
urllib3.exceptions.ProtocolError: ('Connection aborted.', ConnectionResetError(104, 'Connection reset by peer'))

或者这个：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 76, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 61, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 530, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 643, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/home/user/miniconda3/envs/dl_project/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 516, in send
    raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: HTTPConnectionPool(host='172.17.0.2', port=8000): Max retries exceeded with url: /hello (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPConnection object at 0x7f5312c54690>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 111] Connection refused'))

下面是我启动容器时使用的命令：

docker run -it --publish 8000:8000 my_server:v1

以及我为发送请求而运行的Python脚本：

import requests
print(requests.get("http://172.17.0.2:8000/hello").text

下面是我用来查找容器IP地址的命令：

$ docker inspect d6c7d98b9fdd | grep IP
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,

我知道这个问题，但我没有使用docker文件创建图像（我从docker hub中提取了它），所以答案对我没有帮助。我也找到了这个，但对我没有帮助。

提前感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

——publish 8000:8000制定端口转发规则，将主机端口8000（左值）上接收的数据包定向到容器端口8000（右值）。也就是说，您可以使用

最好不要在代码中使用容器IP，因为它可能会频繁更改。

还应该注意的是，为了使其工作，您的后端应该监听环回IP地址以外的东西（127.0.0.1或类似的）。使用0.0.0.0允许应用程序接受来自任何IP的连接。对于ray，这可以通过serve.start（http_host="0.0.0.0"）来实现。