mockitoSpring靴

Question

我需要用mocking道测试服务方法。我还需要测试道方法来知道一个方法是否正确工作。但是我不能将mockito与Spring引导集成。如果我使用MockitoJUnitRunner第一次测试工作，如果我使用SpringJUnit4ClassRunner第二次测试工作。我也尝试使用@MockBean代替@Mock，但是它也不工作。

//SpringJUnit4ClassRunner
//MockitoJUnitRunner
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class BookServiceTests {

    @Mock
    private BookDao bookDao;
    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao2;
    private List<Book> listOfBooks;

    @InjectMocks
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;

    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager entityManager;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGetMostPopularBooksInService() {
        fillListOfBooks();
        when(bookDao.selectMostPopularBooks(3, 3)).thenReturn(listOfBooks);
        assertEquals(3, bookService.getMostPopularBooks(0, 3).size());
    }

    @Test
    @Transactional
    public void testSelectMostPopularBooks() {
        fillDBByBooks();
        List<Book> listOfPopularBooks = bookDao2.selectMostPopularBooks(0, 3);
        assertEquals(3, listOfPopularBooks.size());
        assertEquals("Марсианинн", listOfPopularBooks.get(0).getName());
    }

    private void fillListOfBooks() {
        Writer writer = new Writer(3, "Джек", "Лондон", "...", null);
        listOfBooks = new ArrayList<>();
        listOfBooks.add(new Book(6, "Зов предков", 1990, writer, "...",
                10, new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new Genre(1, "Психология")))));
        listOfBooks.add(new Book(8, "Зов предков", 1990, writer, "...",
                25, new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new Genre(1, "Психология")))));
        listOfBooks.add(new Book(10, "Зов предков", 1990, writer, "...",
                35, new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new Genre(1, "Психология")))));
    }

    private void fillDBByBooks() {
        Writer writer = new Writer(28, null, null, null, null);
        entityManager.persist(new Book(0, "Огонь и вода", 1990, writer, "...",
                105, new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new Genre(1, "Психология")))));
        entityManager.persist(new Book(0, "Солнце", 1990, writer, "...",
                150, new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new Genre(1, "Психология")))));
        entityManager.persist(new Book(0, "Космос", 1990, writer, "...",
                200, new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new Genre(1, "Психология")))));
        entityManager.persist(new Book(0, "Марсианин", 1990, writer, "...",
                225, new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(new Genre(1, "Психология")))));
    }

}

Answer 1

实际上，ContextConfiguration注释并不是必须的，因为SpringBootTest将尝试自己查找现有的配置（然而，据我所知，如果有超过1个上下文配置可用，它将抛出一个异常）。

而且，使用模拟豆和自动配发的也没有问题，下面是一个例子：

@RunWith ( SpringRunner.class )
@SpringBootTest
public class TestClassTest {

    @Autowire
    private RealBean realBean;

    @MockBean
    private BeanYouWantToMock mockedBean;

    @Override
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks( this );
    }

然而，不要使用@InjectMocks注释，@MockBean意味着你正在用模拟的bean替换上下文中的真实bean，所以你不需要在某个地方注入它，spring上下文会为你做这件事。

Answer 2

首先，您的上下文配置注释在测试类中丢失了，所以您在那里没有任何Spring容器支持或自动装配。它应该是这样的：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@ContextConfiguration(
    classes = {MyApplicationConfig.class}
)

public class MyTestClass

其次，我不会在同一个测试类中混合模拟bean和自动连线bean。我甚至不确定这是否可能。我建议你把考试分为两类。一个类有真正的DAO和可用的上下文配置，另一个类只有纯模拟。