当可选项为空时如何返回？

Question

我喜欢现在Java标准库中的选项。但有一个基本问题我一直碰到，但我还没想好如何用最好的（最容易读懂、最漂亮、最短的）方法解决：

当选项为空时如何从方法返回？

void m1() {
    // When I get an optional:
    Optional<String> o = getOptional();

    // And want to return if it's empty
    if (!o.isPresent()) return;

    // In the whole rest of the method I have to call Optional.get 
    // every time I want the value:
    System.out.println(o.get());

    // Which is pretty ugly and verbose!
}


void m2() {
    // If I instead return null if a value is absent:
    String s = getNullabe();
    if (s == null) return;

    // Then I can use the value directly:
    System.out.println(s);
}

void m3() {
    // If I on the other hand want to throw on empty that's pretty and compact:
    String s = getOptional()
        .orElseThrow(IllegalStateException::new);

    System.out.println(s);
}

void m4() {
    Optional<String> o = getOptional();
    if (!o.isPresent()) return;

    // I can of course declare a new variable for the un-optionalised string:
    String s = o.get();

    System.out.println(s);

    // But the old variable still remains in scope for the whole method 
    // which is ugly and annoying.
    System.out.println(o.get());
}


void m5() {
    // This is compact and maybe pretty in some ways:
    getOptional().ifPresent(s -> {
        System.out.println(s);

        // But the extra level of nesting is annoying and it feels 
        // wrong to write all the code in a big lambda.

        getOtherOptional().ifPresent(i -> {
            // Also, more optional values makes it really weird and 
            // pretty hard to read,  while with nullables I would 
            // get no extra nesting, it would looks good and be 
            // easy to read.
            System.out.println("i: " + i);

            // It doesn't work in all cases either way.
        });
    });
}


Optional<String> getOptional() {
    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}

Optional<Integer> getOtherOptional() {
    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}

String getNullabe() {
    throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}

如果可选项为空，我如何从方法返回，而不必在方法的其余部分中使用get，也不必声明额外的变量和额外的块嵌套级别？

或者如果不可能得到所有这些，那么处理这种情况的最佳方法是什么？

Answer 1

您可以使用orelse(null):

String o = getOptional().orElse(null);
if (o == null) {
    return;
}